内蒙古成为今年上半年村镇银行解散数量最多的地区，有15家获批解散，多数被蒙商银行吸收合并。山东和江苏紧随其后，分别有14家和5家村镇银行获批 解散。据统计，截至7月9日，全国村镇银行总数已从2024年末的1538家减少至1454家。 值得关注的是，今年村镇银行改革中出现了一些新变化。例如，出现了跨省"村改支"和"村改分"的案例：哈尔滨银行收购了重庆酉阳融兴村镇银行，并在重 庆市设立了三个支行；江苏银行收购宁波江北富民村镇银行后，设立了江苏银行宁波分行。此外，国有大行也首次加入兼并重组队伍，工商银行收购了其独 资设立的重庆璧山工银村镇银行。 业内人士分析，尽管出现了跨省收购和大型银行介入的新动向，但这更多是"一事一议"的个案处理，区域性银行大规模跨区域经营的可能性依然不大。未 来，村镇银行的数量预计将进一步减少，改革将更加注重引导机构回归服务"三农"和小微企业的本源，在化解风险的同时，提升服务实体经济的质效。(文 馨) 【环球网财经综合报道】中小金融机构改革化险的步伐正在加快，特别是村镇银行领域的"瘦身健体"进程在今年显著提速。据统计，截至7月9日，2025年已 有84家村镇银行正式获批解散，这一数字相较于20 ...

Group 1 - The number of rural banks in China has significantly decreased, with nearly 200 banks exiting the market in the past three years, and over 80 banks disappearing in the first half of this year [1] - Rural banks, initially established to fill the financial service gap in county areas, have faced challenges such as poor deposit-taking ability, weak profitability, unclear internal governance, and inadequate digital capabilities [1] - The ongoing risk resolution efforts for rural banks are showing progress, primarily through absorption and merger, as well as equity increases [1] Group 2 - The reform and risk resolution of small and medium financial institutions are progressing well, with the first "village to branch" transformation in Sichuan province marking a significant milestone [2] - There are concerns about whether restructured rural banks can continue to serve the agricultural and small business sectors effectively, and the need for regulatory guidance to prevent excessive competition [2] - The dissolution of rural banks requires careful management of customer deposits and employee arrangements to minimize market disruptions [3] Group 3 - The transformation of rural banks from a "small and scattered" model to a "strong and precise" network is essential for optimizing the rural financial supply-side structure [3] - Maintaining a risk bottom line is crucial for reshaping the rural financial service system, ensuring that rural banks can support comprehensive rural revitalization [3]

证券研究报告 2025年07月07日 行业报告： 行业深度研究 银行 银行投资跟踪：国有大行推进"村改支"的启示 作者： 分析师 刘杰 SAC执业证书编号：S1110523110002 行业评级：强于大市（首次评级） 请务必阅读正文之后的信息披露和免责申明 1 1 摘要 国有大行推进"村改支"的启示 资料来源： wind，天风证券研究所 2 • 稳妥有序推进村镇银行改革化险是今年金融工作的重点。近年来，伴随着经济结构调整和外部环境不确定性上升，部分中小银 行暴露出资产质量恶化、信用风险加剧、资本不足和公司治理不完善等问题，特别是在一些经济实力较弱的地区，地方中小银 行的风险化解更具紧迫性。 • 2024年以来，我国村镇银行改革化险驶入快车道。仅今年上半年，根据国家金融监管总局官网的批复，就有超过50家村镇银行 经由"村改支"、"村改分"等方式被兼并重组。 • 村镇银行改革路径主要为"村改支"、"村改分"、"股权转让"。 • 国有大行收购村镇银行是改革化险的重要抓手。本次工商银行的出手，打破了国有大行参与"村改支"的空白，也体现出国有 大行响应监管要求，发挥风险处置"压舱石"的重要作用。 • 目前，国有大行各项 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article highlights the approval of Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC) to acquire Chongqing Bishan Rural Bank and establish a new branch, indicating a significant move in the reform of rural financial institutions [1] - The "village-to-branch" model is gaining traction as a method for restructuring rural banks, with ICBC's acquisition being a notable example of this trend [2] - ICBC has initiated the establishment of two rural banks, with Chongqing Bishan being the first fully-owned rural bank in the western region, showcasing its commitment to rural financial reform [1][2] Group 2 - The article discusses the broader context of rural bank reforms in China, emphasizing the need for consolidation and restructuring to enhance operational efficiency and risk management [2] - China’s rural banks are experiencing a trend of reduction in numbers, with many being absorbed by their parent banks and transformed into branches, a process referred to as "village-to-branch" [2] - The restructuring is expected to leverage the strengths of large state-owned banks, enhancing financial support for rural areas and small enterprises [2] Group 3 - China Bank is also mentioned for its strategy of holding and managing rural banks through its subsidiary, Zhongyin Fudeng Rural Bank, which has established a significant network across 22 provinces [3] - Zhongyin Fudeng has been actively increasing its capital to strengthen its rural banks, including recent acquisitions of shares to enhance its ownership stakes [3][5] - The capital injection is aimed at improving the financial health and operational capabilities of rural banks, thereby increasing their ability to serve local economies [5] Group 4 - The article notes potential risks in the restructuring process, including competition from larger banks and the challenge of maintaining customer trust during transitions [4] - It emphasizes the importance of capital supplementation for rural banks to improve their resilience against economic fluctuations and enhance their lending capabilities [5] - The article also mentions that other major banks like Agricultural Bank and Postal Savings Bank have minimal involvement in rural banks, indicating a concentrated market among a few players [5]

Core Insights - The reform and risk mitigation process for rural banks in China is accelerating significantly, with a notable reduction in the number of such banks due to mergers and acquisitions [2][3][5] Group 1: Reform Progress - Nearly 90 rural banks have exited the market through absorption and mergers in the first half of 2025, a figure close to the total of 94 for the entire year of 2024, and significantly higher than just 11 in 2023 [3] - The main integration methods are "village to branch" and "village to division," with city commercial banks and rural commercial banks being the primary participants, while state-owned banks are increasingly involved [3][4] - The approval of the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC) to acquire Chongqing Bishan ICBC Rural Bank marks the first instance of a state-owned bank participating in the "village to branch" project [3][4] Group 2: Policy and Market Dynamics - The acceleration of rural bank integration is driven by both policy initiatives and internal risk pressures, with the National Financial Regulatory Administration emphasizing the need for reform and risk clearance [5][6] - The government aims to reduce the number of institutions while improving quality through market-oriented and legal principles, focusing on the transformation of local small financial institutions [5][6] Group 3: Risk Management and Service Quality - The restructuring aims to enhance risk management capabilities and operational efficiency by integrating rural banks' non-performing assets into the stronger risk control systems of their parent banks [2][7] - The consolidation of rural banks is expected to improve service quality rather than diminish financial services in rural areas, as it allows for better resource allocation and the introduction of diversified financial products [7][8] - Long-term, these reforms are anticipated to inject new vitality into rural financial services, supporting rural revitalization and economic development [8]

Core Viewpoint - The opening of three new branches by Changshu Rural Commercial Bank marks a significant step in enhancing its presence in Jiangsu province and improving its financial service network [1][2] Group 1: Branch Openings - Changshu Rural Commercial Bank has opened three branches in Nanjing Jiangning, Yangzhou Baoying, and Suqian Sucheng, which were previously village banks acquired or initiated by the bank [1] - The establishment of these branches fills business gaps in key areas such as provincial capitals and enhances the bank's physical service network [1] Group 2: Strategic Importance - Entering the Nanjing market allows the bank to directly access provincial resources, optimize resource allocation, and improve efficiency in sensing market trends and regulatory dynamics [1] - The new branches will help the bank deepen its market presence and reduce operational costs associated with independent legal entities, promoting efficient management [1] Group 3: Advantages of the "Village to Branch" Model - The "village to branch" model offers significant advantages over new branch establishments, leveraging existing customer bases and operational experience of the acquired village banks [2] - Changshu Rural Commercial Bank's mature management system and strong risk control capabilities will effectively mitigate risks associated with initial expansion into new areas [2] - The bank's expertise in microfinance and inclusive services will enhance the operational stability and profitability of the new branches, ensuring sustainable development in these regions [2]

据统计，"消失"的村镇银行中，大部分为通过吸收合并的方式转型为支行或分行，即"村改支""村改 分"，合并方以城商行和农商行为主，另有一家国有大行参与其中。 近日据国家监督管理总局披露，工商银行获批收购重庆璧山工银村镇银行，并设立中央大街支行，承接 重庆璧山工银村镇银行清产核资后的资产、负债、业务和员工。成为国有大行"村改支"首个案例。 "工商银行主导村改支案例，是大型银行积极响应中央金融工作会议关于加快处置高风险中小金融机构 的有力举措。大型银行参与农村中小银行改革化险，充分体现了'上下一盘棋'的体制优势，向外界传递 出改革化险加速的积极信号。"杨海平告诉记者。 他分析认为，未来大型银行参与村镇银行改革的案例预计不会太多。主要原因在于，在推进村镇银行改 革化险中，监管部门始终强调主发起行的主体责任，而由大型银行设立的村镇银行占比较小，绝大多数 村镇银行的主发起行为城商行或农商行。事实上，当年城商行、农商行设立村镇银行的主要考量因素之 一，正是为了突破地域限制。 城商行、农商行主导的吸收合并进程中，蒙商银行成为典型案例，共吸收合并11家村镇银行。据国家金 融监督管理总局内蒙古监管局于3月21日披露，这11家村镇 ...

Core Viewpoint - The acquisition of Chongqing Bishan Rural Bank by Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC) and its transformation into a branch represents a significant move in the ongoing reform and restructuring of rural banks in China, aimed at enhancing financial services and risk management capabilities [1][2][3] Group 1: Company Actions - ICBC has received approval to acquire Chongqing Bishan Rural Bank and establish ICBC Chongqing Bishan Central Avenue Branch, marking a rare instance of a state-owned bank acquiring a rural bank and converting it into a branch [1] - As of the end of 2024, ICBC will own two rural banks, with ownership stakes of 60% and 100% respectively [1] - The acquisition is seen as a breakthrough in the "village to branch" initiative, providing a model for future reforms [2] Group 2: Industry Trends - The restructuring of rural banks is gaining momentum, with several banks announcing mergers and conversions of rural banks into branches, indicating a trend towards consolidation and quality improvement in the sector [3][4] - The regulatory framework supports the transformation of high-risk rural banks into branches, allowing for better risk management and service continuity [3][6] - The overall performance of rural banks is under pressure, with many reporting losses, highlighting the need for effective restructuring strategies [4][5] Group 3: Future Outlook - The pace of rural bank restructuring is expected to accelerate, with a gradual reduction in the number of rural banks as they consolidate and improve their service capabilities [7] - The integration of rural banks into larger banking institutions is anticipated to enhance their operational efficiency and risk management capabilities [6][7] - There is a potential for more state-owned banks to participate in the "village to branch" initiative if policies are favorable and sustainable integration models are established [2][6]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article highlights the rapid expansion and restructuring of rural banks in Jiangsu, with Changshu Rural Commercial Bank successfully opening three new branches as part of its "village to branch" transformation strategy [1][3] - In June alone, nearly 20 rural banks were approved for absorption and merger, indicating a clear trend towards industry consolidation and quality improvement [1][8] - Changshu Rural Commercial Bank's acquisition of three rural banks marks a significant step in its regional expansion, particularly in the Nanjing market, and reflects a broader trend of urban commercial banks absorbing rural banks to enhance their operational footprint [4][5] Group 2 - The restructuring process involves the complete takeover of various rural banks, with Changshu Rural Commercial Bank gaining 100% control over Jiangning Shangyin Rural Bank and other institutions, effectively consolidating its operations [3][4] - The integration of rural banks is seen as a means to optimize resource allocation and expand the network of branches, thereby enhancing competitiveness in the rural financial market [5][6] - The involvement of state-owned banks, such as the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, in the absorption of rural banks signifies a new phase in the reform of small and medium-sized financial institutions [5][6] Group 3 - The historical context of rural banks shows a shift from rapid expansion to a focus on quality, with regulatory bodies initiating reforms to address governance issues and risk accumulation within these institutions [7][8] - The recent mergers and acquisitions are part of a broader strategy to enhance the operational efficiency and service capabilities of rural banks, despite some resistance from shareholders concerned about short-term impacts [9][10] - The long-term outlook remains positive, as the consolidation is expected to lead to increased customer bases and improved service capabilities, ultimately driving revenue growth [9]

Core Viewpoint - The approval of Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC) to acquire Chongqing Bishan Rural Bank and establish a branch marks the first instance of a state-owned bank participating in the "village to branch" reform, indicating an expansion of financial reform within a larger financial system [1][2][10] Group 1: Acquisition Details - ICBC has been authorized to acquire Chongqing Bishan Rural Bank and set up ICBC Chongqing Bishan Central Avenue Branch, taking over the bank's assets, liabilities, business, and employees after asset verification [1][2] - Chongqing Bishan Rural Bank was established on December 23, 2009, with a registered and paid-in capital of 100 million RMB, and is fully controlled by ICBC [2][3] - The acquisition is expected to have no impact on ICBC's stock price as the rural bank is already a subsidiary of ICBC [3] Group 2: Other Banks' Status - Other major banks, such as China Construction Bank and Postal Savings Bank, have not announced any plans regarding "village to branch" reforms [4] - Several state-owned banks have established rural banks, with examples including Bank of China’s Zhongyin Fudeng Rural Bank, which was established in 2011 and has a network of 134 legal entities and 189 branch outlets [5] Group 3: Trends in Rural Banking - The establishment of rural banks aimed to address the long-standing financial service gaps in rural areas, but many face challenges such as governance issues, lack of credibility, limited market space, and difficulties in capital replenishment [7][8] - As of the end of 2024, the number of rural banks in China has decreased to 1,538, down from a peak of 1,651 in 2021, indicating a trend of consolidation and exit from the market [8][10] - The ongoing reforms in rural banking, including "village to branch" and "village to division," are part of a broader strategy to optimize the rural financial service system [10]