Core Viewpoint - Elon Musk has announced the establishment of a new political party called the "American Party," aiming to participate in the upcoming midterm elections in the U.S. and secure minority seats in both the House and Senate [1] Historical Context of Third Parties in the U.S. - The U.S. has a long history of third parties, starting with the Anti-Masonic Party in 1831, which was the first third party in American politics [1][3] - The Anti-Masonic Party held its first national presidential candidate nomination convention in 1831, where William Wirt was nominated for the 1832 presidential election, receiving 8% of the popular vote in Vermont [3][4] - The Anti-Masonic Party lasted about ten years and influenced American politics by promoting anti-Masonic sentiments and establishing the practice of national conventions for presidential nominations [4] Emergence and Decline of Other Third Parties - Following the Anti-Masonic Party, other third parties emerged, such as the Know Nothing Party and the People's Party, with the Know Nothing Party gaining significant traction in the 1854 elections [5][6] - The People's Party, founded in 1891, opposed monopolies in banking and railroads and garnered over 1 million votes in the 1892 elections, but eventually declined after aligning with the Democratic Party in 1896 [6][7] Modern Third Parties - Contemporary third parties include the Independent Party, Reform Party, and Green Party, with the Reform Party being established by billionaire Ross Perot in 1995 after his independent presidential run in 1992 [8][9] - The Reform Party's influence has diminished in the 21st century, similar to other third parties that have historically struggled to maintain a lasting presence in U.S. politics [9]

Core Viewpoint - The announcement by Elon Musk to establish a "American Party" has sparked significant discussion regarding the potential for a third political party in the United States, challenging the long-standing two-party system [1][3][7]. Historical Context - The U.S. has predominantly operated under a two-party system for over 200 years, with third-party candidates historically failing to gain substantial power [3][4]. - The last notable success of a third-party candidate was in 1968, and the most successful third-party candidate was Theodore Roosevelt in 1912, who garnered approximately 27% of the popular vote but only 88 electoral votes [4][5]. Structural Challenges - The electoral system in the U.S. favors a two-party structure due to the winner-takes-all principle and the electoral college system, making it difficult for third parties to compete effectively [5][6]. - The Democratic and Republican parties have historically adapted to maintain their dominance, often collaborating to suppress potential threats from third parties [6][11]. Public Sentiment - A significant portion of the American public, approximately 58%, believes that a third major party is needed, indicating dissatisfaction with the current two-party representation [7][8]. - Political polarization is a driving factor for the desire to establish a third party, as the binary system fosters extreme partisanship and identity politics [8][9]. Potential Strategies for Success - Experts suggest that for Musk's "American Party" to succeed, it should focus on swing states and grassroots mobilization while avoiding the pitfalls of previous third parties that failed to maintain visibility [13][14]. - Learning from successful political movements, such as the Tea Party, which reshaped the Republican Party from within, may provide a more viable path for Musk's initiative [11][14]. Ideological Focus - The "American Party" is expected to align ideologically closer to the right, with suggestions for policies that resonate with voters' concerns, such as trade, fiscal responsibility, and technological advancement [10][14]. - The current political landscape presents an opportunity for a new party to address issues that both major parties have overlooked, particularly in trade and government spending [12][14].

以下文章来源于底线思维 ，作者周德宇 底线思维 . 观察者网时评专栏 本文来自微信公众号： 底线思维 （ID：dixiansiwei） ，作者：周德宇（匹兹堡大学政治学系博 士，中国人民大学历史学院博士后），题图来自：视觉中国 马斯克的"美国党"成立了。 目标很明确：反对特朗普的"大美丽法案" （One Big Beautiful Bill Act） ，再通过组建一个真正的 第三党来影响政治，号召支持者们摆脱两党体系： 当然，大家现在最大的疑问就是， 美国两党制根深蒂固，哪里是他一个局外人能撼动的？他连自己 建的"政府效率部"都搞不定，还指望他有这样的政治能力去建个政党？ 虽然这种一眼就能看明白的道理，对于马斯克这样自我极其膨胀的人不太适用，但马斯克也不是完全 没有考虑这些。所以他声称自己定的初步目标没有太高，并不想一步到位取代现有政党， 而是要聚 焦于两三个参议员席位选区和十个左右的众议院选区，做能够决定政策的关键少数： 其实美国历史上的第三党并不少见，赢得了一定国会席位或者总统选举人票的党派也可以数出好几 个。 比如，最早的"美国党" （American Party） ，又叫"无知党" （Know Not ...

Group 1 - Elon Musk announced the formation of a new political party called "America Party" in response to Trump's tax and spending bill, which he claims could lead the nation to bankruptcy [1] - Trump criticized the idea of a third party, stating that the U.S. is fundamentally a two-party system and that third parties have historically not succeeded [1][2] - Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen suggested that the boards of Tesla and SpaceX may prefer Musk to focus on business rather than political activities [1] Group 2 - Musk's move to establish a third party is seen as a direct challenge to Trump, with whom he previously had a close relationship [2] - The tax and spending bill, which includes significant tax cuts and increased defense spending, has been passed by Congress, but critics argue it will worsen the federal deficit [2] - Trump's response to Musk's criticism included a threat to revoke existing government contracts and subsidies for Tesla and SpaceX [2] Group 3 - James Fishback, a businessman and Trump ally, expressed strong opposition to Musk's political ambitions, suggesting it conflicts with his role as CEO of Tesla [3] - Fishback has delayed the launch of a Tesla-focused ETF due to concerns over Musk's focus on the new party [3] - Analysts suggest that Tesla's board may need to intervene and discuss Musk's role if he increasingly dedicates time to the new political party [3]

Core Viewpoint - Elon Musk is seriously considering the establishment of a new political party called the "American Party," aiming to disrupt the current two-party system in the U.S. and gain significant seats in the upcoming midterm elections [1][2][3]. Group 1: Political Strategy and Goals - Musk plans to focus on winning 2 to 3 Senate seats and 8 to 10 House seats in the 2024 midterm elections, which he believes could influence key legislative votes [1][2]. - He draws parallels to historical military strategies, emphasizing a concentrated effort to achieve political goals rather than a broad approach [2]. - A recent poll on Musk's platform showed that 65.4% of over 1.24 million participants support the formation of the "American Party," indicating a desire for a new political option [1][2]. Group 2: Reactions and Concerns - Some conservative commentators express concern that the "American Party" could siphon votes from the Republican Party, potentially aiding Democratic candidates [2][3]. - Investors, including the CEO of Azoria Partners, have criticized Musk's political ambitions, arguing that they undermine shareholder confidence in his companies, particularly Tesla [2][3]. - Support for Musk's initiative includes unexpected endorsements from billionaires like Mark Cuban and Anthony Scaramucci, who are aligned with Democratic candidates [3]. Group 3: Challenges and Legal Considerations - Establishing a new political party in the U.S. involves complex legal requirements, with varying rules across states that could hinder the "American Party's" ability to appear on ballots [4]. - Experts suggest that while Musk may have the resources to initiate a new party, the process of creating a viable national political entity could take years and face significant opposition from established parties [4][5]. - A recent survey indicates that about 40% of Americans support the idea of a new party challenging the existing political landscape, but there remains a substantial portion of the electorate that is skeptical [5].

美国党真能挑战美国两党制吗？分析认为， 想要创建一个能挑战美国"两党制"的第三党并不容易， 可能需要数年时间来解决法律和经济层面的困难。 有资深选举律师表示， 美国各州对想要参选的新政党的参选资格认定并不相同。 以加州为 例，若一个新政党想出现在该州的选票上，就必须吸纳并维持该州至少0.33%的选民成为该党 成员，或收集110万名选民的签名。而想要获得国家层面的认可，新政党还需要获得联邦选举 委员会的认可，这几乎肯定会遭到民主党和共和党的强烈反对。除了时间和法律问题，竞选资 金的筹备也是一大难题。美国前联邦选举委员会主席李·古德曼表示， 马斯克可能需要数千名 捐款人共同来资助他的政党。 事实上，除了民主党和共和党这两大党，美国也有包括绿党、自由党在内的政党，但后两者根 本无法撼动两大党的地位。 （本文来源： 央视网 ） ...

新华社北京7月6日电 当地时间5日，美国亿万富翁埃隆·马斯克与特朗普政府围绕日前生效的"大而美"税收与支出法案的激烈矛盾再度升级，马 斯克宣布成立一个独立于共和、民主两党的新政党——"美国党"，并声称该党将代表美国社会"80%的中间选民"，争取通过选举在国会中占得一 席之地。 马斯克：把美国从两党制中"解放出来" "今天，'美国党'的成立还给你们自由。"马斯克5日在其拥有的社交媒体平台X上写道，美国正"因浪费和贪污而破产"。 马斯克4日在美国"独立日"当天发起网络意见调查，问网民是否应该成立"美国党"，以把美国民众从民主党、共和党轮流上台的两党体制中"解放 出来"。截至5日他再次发帖时，共有124.9万多网民参与投票，支持者占65.4%，反对者为34.6%。 "支持和反对比例为2:1，表明你们想要一个新政党，你们也会有个新政党。"马斯克在5日帖文中写道。 他还表示，为了对付美国共和、民主两大党，需要"采用伊巴密浓达在留克特拉战役中粉碎斯巴达不可战胜神话的方法：在战场的精确位置高度 集中兵力"。 留克特拉战役是古代欧洲以少胜多的经典一役，对古希腊的历史产生深远影响。伊巴密浓达率领的底比斯军队战胜了不可一世的斯巴 ...

Core Viewpoint - The establishment of a third political party in the U.S. to challenge the existing two-party system is a complex process that may take years to navigate legal and financial challenges [1] Legal Challenges - Different states have varying requirements for new political parties to qualify for elections; for instance, in California, a new party must secure at least 0.33% of voters as members or collect 1.1 million signatures [1] - National recognition requires approval from the Federal Election Commission, which is likely to face strong opposition from the Democratic and Republican parties [1] Financial Challenges - Fundraising poses a significant hurdle, with the former chairman of the Federal Election Commission, Lee Goodman, indicating that thousands of donors may be needed to support the new party [1] Existing Political Landscape - Besides the Democratic and Republican parties, there are other parties like the Green Party and Libertarian Party, but they have not been able to significantly challenge the dominance of the two major parties [1]

Group 1 - The core idea of the news revolves around Elon Musk's proposal to create a third political party in the U.S., named the "American Party," as a response to the current two-party system [2][4]. - Musk suggests that a new party could focus on securing a few Senate and House seats, which he believes would be sufficient to influence controversial legislation [4]. - The proposal comes amid tensions between Musk and former ally Donald Trump regarding the recently signed "Big and Beautiful" bill [4][6]. Group 2 - There are significant challenges associated with establishing a new political party, including complex state laws and ballot access requirements, which could be difficult to overcome [5][6]. - Election expert Brett Capel highlights that each state has different regulations for party ballot access, making it a daunting task for a new party [5]. - Despite potential financial hurdles, Musk's substantial net worth, estimated at over $350 billion, may mitigate these challenges [6].