【环球时报报道 记者 李迅典】 编者的话： 11月30日至12月7日，中国共青团中央联合越南胡志明共青团 中央在云南省昆明市和浙江省杭州市、嘉兴市、湖州市举办了越南青年来华"红色研学之旅"之"理想之 光"研学营。在华期间，这支由近200名经越南胡志明共青团中央层层选拔的青年先锋组成的队伍，不仅 参观了胡志明旧居、中共"一大"会址等红色历史旧址，还参加了中越青年对话会等互动交流活动；他们 既在云南民族村、良渚博物院等地感受了中华优秀传统文化的魅力，也在斗南花卉大数据中心、阿里巴 巴集团等企业和展馆全方位感受了中国式现代化的发展成就。在这8天的研学旅途上，他们向《环球时 报》记者分享了自己的所见所闻所感。 一位越南青年在闻一多先生衣冠冢前拜了又拜 自今年5月起，共青团中央已在北京、上海、广东、广西、重庆、云南、陕西等地举办了5期越南青年来 华"红色研学之旅"主题研学营。此次"理想之光"研学营的主题为"坚定理想信念，携手共同发展"。在历 史与现实的碰撞中，中越两国"同志加兄弟"的传统情谊正被赋予新的时代内涵。 12月1日，研学营走进位于昆明的胡志明旧居。胡志明是越南民主共和国的主要缔造者和越南劳动党 （今越南共产党 ...

Core Insights - The article discusses the transformation of Bắc Ninh Province in Vietnam, which has evolved from a small agricultural area into a significant hub for electronics manufacturing, drawing comparisons to Dongguan in China [1][24]. Group 1: Economic Development - Bắc Ninh Province has become a key player in Vietnam's electronics industry, largely due to the presence of major foreign investors like Samsung, which has invested a total of $23.2 billion in the region from 2008 to 2024 [5][24]. - The province's GDP is projected to reach approximately $9.2 billion in 2024, ranking it ninth among Vietnam's 63 provinces, despite its small geographical size [24][36]. - The industrial output of Bắc Ninh accounts for over 70% of its GDP, with the electronics manufacturing sector contributing 73% to Vietnam's total electronics production [24][25]. Group 2: Foreign Investment - Samsung's investment in Bắc Ninh has created over 45,000 jobs in the province, contributing significantly to the local economy [5][24]. - Other major companies, including GoerTek and Foxconn, have also established operations in Bắc Ninh, further enhancing its status as an electronics manufacturing hub [7][25]. - In 2024, Bắc Ninh attracted $5.12 billion in foreign investment, the highest in Vietnam, surpassing major cities like Ho Chi Minh City and Hanoi [31]. Group 3: Infrastructure and Location Advantages - Bắc Ninh's strategic location allows for easy access to major transportation routes, including a two-hour drive to Vietnam's largest deep-water port and a 30-minute drive to Nội Bài International Airport [16][14]. - The province has 22 industrial parks with a total area exceeding 5,000 hectares, indicating a growing demand for industrial land [25][26]. - The proximity to China facilitates the import of necessary components and materials, making it an attractive location for manufacturers [16][17]. Group 4: Labor Market Dynamics - The average monthly income in Bắc Ninh is estimated at approximately 9.5 million VND (~¥2,714), significantly higher than in Hanoi, driven by high demand for labor from foreign companies [32][31]. - The labor market is competitive, with companies frequently recruiting from each other, leading to a shortage of local workers [28][30]. - The influx of foreign companies has resulted in a vibrant local economy, attracting not only manufacturers but also service providers catering to the needs of expatriates and workers [33][35].

Group 1 - Vietnam's economy has grown nearly 106 times from $4.5 billion in 1986 to $476.3 billion in 2024, with GDP per capita increasing from $74 to $4,700, a growth of over 63 times [1] - The average annual economic growth rate from 1987 to 2024 is approximately 6.67%, making Vietnam one of the fastest-growing countries in ASEAN [1] - The contribution of agriculture to GDP has significantly decreased from 36.76% in 1986 to 11.86% in 2024, while the industrial and service sectors have risen to 37.64% and 42.36% respectively [1] Group 2 - Despite impressive achievements, Vietnam's growth model reveals limitations and faces challenges from global instability [2] - Vietnam's economic structure is still relatively backward compared to some regional countries, with the agricultural sector's GDP share indicating a lag behind Thailand in 2011, Malaysia in 1996, and South Korea in 1984 [2] - The current growth model heavily relies on capital and cheap labor, with weak productivity, innovation, and value chain connections [2]

Core Insights - Vietnam's rapid economic growth over the past 40 years has transformed it from a poor nation to a rising manufacturing hub, with ambitions for a digital economy [1] - However, challenges such as talent shortages, demographic shifts, and institutional constraints pose significant risks to its digital transformation efforts [1] Economic Development - Post-war Vietnam faced severe economic challenges, including hyperinflation and widespread poverty, until the "Doi Moi" reforms in 1986 legalized private enterprise and introduced market mechanisms [2][4] - Since the reforms, Vietnam has experienced robust economic growth, with GDP growth rates consistently above 5% since 2010, and per capita GDP rising from $230 in 1985 to $4,700 in 2024 [4] Foreign Investment and Trade - Vietnam has become a key destination for foreign investment, particularly in electronics, apparel, and home appliances, benefiting from trade agreements and its strategic location [5][6] - The country's export volume has increased eightfold from 2007 to 2024, reaching $385 billion, significantly outpacing regional competitors [5] Digital Economy Strategy - The Vietnamese government has prioritized digital transformation, aiming for the digital economy to account for 20% of GDP by 2025 and 30% by 2030, focusing on sectors like digital finance and AI [10][12] - The government is actively attracting tech talent and fostering a startup ecosystem, with cities like Ho Chi Minh City and Hanoi emerging as innovation hubs [12][14] Challenges in Talent and Demographics - Vietnam faces a talent gap, particularly in engineering and technology, with a projected shortfall of skilled workers in the semiconductor industry by 2030 [16] - The country is also approaching a demographic turning point, with a declining youth population that could hinder digital product demand and innovation [17][19] Institutional Constraints - The digital infrastructure is largely state-controlled, which may limit market dynamism and innovation in the tech sector [15][19] - Issues such as unstable electricity supply and opaque regulations for cross-border data and e-commerce further complicate the digital landscape [20] Conclusion - Vietnam's economic trajectory has been shaped by its ability to attract foreign investment and integrate into global supply chains, but the transition to a digital economy will require overcoming significant human capital and institutional challenges [20]