新华社纽约11月24日电 记者手记｜就业降温物价高企美国经济"寒意"难消 新华社记者刘亚南 密歇根大学近期发布的调查数据显示，美国11月份消费者信心指数终值降至51.0，低于10月份的53.6。 根据记者观察，每年年底的购物季是释放消费需求的关键窗口，经济增长疲软给消费者带来的寒意恐怕 短期内难以消散。 费城联储银行17日发布针对33名专业研究人员进行的四季度调查显示，他们对四季度美国实际GDP增速 的预测中值为1.1%，低于此前预测的1.3%，对明年一季度的预测则从1.9%降至1.6%。 美国劳工部20日公布数据显示，美国9月失业率升至4.4%，为2021年11月以来最高水平。尽管美国当月 增加11.9万个非农就业岗位明显超出市场预期，但同时有47万人进入劳动力市场。这一方面推高了失业 率，也显示出高通胀之下普通民众迫切需要寻找工作以维持生计。 最新就业报告还把7月和8月非农部门新增就业数据分别从7.9万和2.2万向下修正为7.2万和负0.4万。美国 6月份已经出现1.3万的负增长，而此前的负增长出现在新冠疫情肆虐的2020年。 从时间上看，今年前四个月每月新增非农就业岗位均超10万，而5月到8月整体大幅走 ...

Group 1 - The economic downturn in South Korea has led to a significant increase in business closures, with the number of reported closures surpassing 1 million for the first time since 1995, reaching 1,008,200 [1] - The business closure rate has risen for two consecutive years, reaching 9.04% in 2024, indicating that nearly 1 in 10 businesses ceased operations that year [1] - Poor business conditions are the primary reason for closures, with 506,200 businesses citing this as their reason, accounting for 50.2% of all closures, marking the highest proportion since 2010 [1] Group 2 - The retail and restaurant sectors are particularly affected, together accounting for approximately 45% of total business closures, with 299,600 retail businesses and 15.2% from the restaurant industry [1] - The overdue loan rate for vulnerable individual business owners reached 12.24% by the first quarter of 2025, the highest level since Q2 2013 [1] - The South Korean government has introduced a supplementary budget of 31.8 trillion KRW (approximately 100 billion CNY) to support livelihoods, including consumer vouchers aimed at boosting household spending [2] Group 3 - Despite government support measures, there is a consensus that these are temporary fixes and not structural solutions to the ongoing issues faced by individual business owners [2] - Calls for a systematic "exit strategy" to address the oversupply of individual businesses have emerged, highlighting the need for long-term institutional design to tackle structural challenges [2] - The competitive landscape for individual businesses is characterized by a cycle of high entrepreneurship and high failure rates, exacerbated by an aging population and insufficient job creation [2]

Group 1 - The Japanese government reported a significant decline in real wages for May, marking the largest drop in nearly two years [1] - Real wages decreased for the fifth consecutive month, down 2.9% compared to the same period last year, the largest decline since September 2023 [1] - Although nominal wages increased by 1.0% in May, high prices have led to a reduction in real wages [1] Group 2 - The consumer price index in Japan rose by 4.0% in May, remaining at or above 4% for six consecutive months, driven by high prices of food items such as rice [1]