国际可持续准则理事会（ISSB）理事冷冰 本报记者于玉金北京报道 9月19日，以"理念与实践并行发展同质量共生"为主题的2025华夏ESG管理体系大会在北京召开。此次 大会由华夏时报社主办，由SGS通标标准技术服务有限公司、中质协质量保证中心、首都经济贸易大学 中国ESG研究院、Wind ESG、天眼查、商道融绿、华夏ESG观察联盟等提供支持。 与会计准则类似，可持续披露准则也是为支持投资者的投资决策提供的，但这二者也有明显不同。会计 准则有一系列以基础假设为代表的特定规则；而可持续披露的规则与会计准则不同，二者不能简单画等 号。应该说财务报表和可持续披露是同一个企业（财务报告主体）对同一期间（过去12个月或财务年 度）的同一系列交易和事项进行反映的两个独立视图，从两种不同维度对企业进行了描述，共同为投资 者服务。 会上，国际可持续准则理事会（ISSB）理事冷冰以"ISSB准则在全球的应用"为主题展开演讲。他介 绍，目前全球已有37个国家和地区宣布采用或以其他方式使用ISSB准则，占全球GDP的60%，占美国以 外全球资本市场总市值的80%，占全球温室气体排放总量的60%。他认为，可持续相关财务信息与财务 报 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Hong Kong IPO market has seen a surge in activity, raising HKD 107.1 billion in the first half of 2025, a 22% increase compared to the entire previous year, making it the leading market globally for IPOs [2] - ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) considerations have become a significant challenge for companies seeking to list in Hong Kong, with the Hong Kong Stock Exchange (HKEX) implementing stricter ESG reporting requirements [2][3] ESG Reporting Evolution - The HKEX has progressively shifted from voluntary ESG disclosures to mandatory requirements, with the latest upgrade to the ESG Reporting Code set to take effect in 2025, mandating disclosures on greenhouse gas emissions [3][4] - The transition includes a focus on climate-related disclosures, aligning with the International Sustainability Standards Board (ISSB) guidelines, which will enhance the comparability and reliability of ESG data across different regions and industries [4][5] Importance of Governance - The governance aspect of ESG is emphasized as critical for long-term corporate survival, with the board of directors being responsible for setting ESG goals and ensuring accountability [7] - Strong board oversight is essential to prevent superficial ESG practices and to address investor concerns regarding governance quality [7] Comparison of ESG Requirements - The HKEX adopts a "financial materiality" principle, focusing on how ESG risks impact corporate value, while mainland exchanges emphasize a "double materiality" approach, considering both financial impacts and the company's effects on society and the environment [8][9] - The HKEX has established a detailed disclosure framework for ESG issues, while mainland exchanges have a more integrated approach, encouraging companies to embed ESG factors into their governance and strategic decision-making [9][10] Recommendations for A+H Companies - A+H companies are advised to adopt the stricter HKEX standards as a baseline for their ESG reporting, ensuring compliance with both HKEX and mainland requirements to avoid redundant efforts [10][11] - Companies should establish a robust ESG governance structure, conduct stakeholder assessments, and develop a comprehensive data management system for ESG metrics, particularly focusing on greenhouse gas emissions [10][12] Future Trends in ESG Regulation - The HKEX is expected to follow global trends towards mandatory third-party assurance for ESG data, with potential legal consequences for misleading ESG disclosures [13][14] - The regulatory landscape is evolving to include stricter measures against "greenwashing" and false ESG claims, indicating a shift towards more rigorous oversight of ESG practices [14]

Group 1: China's Green Finance Development - China is actively formulating new NDC targets for 2035, which will require specific low-carbon transition plans from regions, institutions, and enterprises [1] - The Green Finance Committee aims to support the implementation of transition finance standards and the development of new financial products to facilitate the low-carbon transition [1][6] - Current definitions of green finance are insufficient to support high-carbon industries in their transition to low-carbon, necessitating the establishment of a transition finance framework [1][6] Group 2: Global Climate Financing Landscape - Despite the U.S. withdrawal from the Paris Agreement and other international frameworks, the actual impact on global sustainable finance is limited, with global sustainable investments reaching approximately $3 trillion annually, of which $1.2 trillion comes from China [2][3] - Government funding constitutes only about 10% of global sustainable investment, indicating that the majority is driven by social capital [2] - The contribution of developed countries to climate financing for developing nations is less than $100 billion, accounting for less than 2% of global sustainable investment needs [2] Group 3: International Cooperation and Standards - The international community, excluding the U.S., should enhance leadership in establishing standards and mobilizing social capital for sustainable investment [4] - The Sustainable Finance International Platform (IPSF) aims to create compatible sustainable finance standards, with a focus on enhancing comparability and consistency [4][5] - The ISSB standards have been adopted by around 40 countries, including China, which has introduced its own version of the ISSB standards to promote global adoption [5] Group 4: Transition Finance Products - Transition finance currently focuses on debt instruments, with a need to develop equity and insurance-related financial tools to support transition enterprises [6][7] - There is a demand for equity-based transition financial tools, such as transition funds, to help high-quality transition enterprises expand their capital [7] Group 5: Emerging Technologies in Green Finance - The discussion around tokenization of green assets is gaining traction, with RWA (Real World Assets) being a suitable application for blockchain technology in green finance [8] - Blockchain can enhance the tracking of financial and environmental data related to green assets, thereby mitigating "greenwashing" risks and improving asset liquidity [8]

Group 1: Conference Overview - The third Zero Carbon Collaborative Innovation Conference was held in Chengdu, focusing on the theme of "ISSB Sustainable Disclosure Standards Learning Partner" [1] - The conference attracted over 200 guests from various sectors, including enterprises, universities, and research institutions, to discuss the application and implementation of ISSB standards [1] Group 2: Key Presentations - The ISSB Chairman's advisor, Zhang Zhengwei, emphasized the transition of sustainability disclosure from non-financial to financial reporting, highlighting its significance in integrating sustainability into core business value creation [1] - Tianqi Lithium's Executive Vice President, Zou Jun, discussed the symbiotic relationship between the lithium industry and net-zero goals, stressing the importance of innovation and collaboration across the supply chain to achieve carbon reduction targets by 2030 [2] - Zhang Guohao from China Southwest Architectural Design and Research Institute introduced a new model for integrated low-carbon renovation services in the construction industry, focusing on design consulting as a key link to address market disconnections [2] - Ndidi Nnoli-Edozien from ISSB highlighted the importance of multi-stakeholder collaboration in global sustainability efforts, calling for Chinese enterprises to contribute their insights for impactful global standards [3] Group 3: Initiatives and Agreements - The conference saw the signing of the "Xinglong Lake Sustainable Consensus," aimed at creating a national near-zero carbon demonstration zone through collaborative efforts in technology and resource integration [6] - The "Supply Chain ESG Management Initiative" expanded to include four new companies, enhancing its influence and supporting the construction of a sustainable supply chain aligned with the UN's 2030 Sustainable Development Goals [6] Group 4: Challenges and Focus Areas - The chairman of the Chengdu Zero Carbon Collaborative Innovation Promotion Association, Zhang Yalong, raised concerns about the stagnation of over one-third of the established 2030 sustainable development goals, particularly in areas affected by climate change [4] - The need for trust-building in social sustainability was emphasized, linking it to geopolitical issues and the broader impacts on digital and social relationships [4]

Core Viewpoint - The ISSB sustainable disclosure standards are essential for promoting green transformation in emerging markets, but effective implementation requires a combination of disclosure, actual actions, and accountability [1][3]. Group 1: Challenges in Emerging Markets - Emerging markets face challenges such as unreliable sustainable data, insufficient regulatory enforcement, and low awareness of sustainability issues, making it difficult for companies to adopt ISSB standards [2]. - The ISSB recognizes these challenges and emphasizes a proportionality principle, allowing companies to start with basic disclosures and gradually enhance their capabilities over time [2]. Group 2: Importance of Actionable Disclosure - Sustainable financial information disclosure is crucial but must be coupled with actual actions and accountability to drive real change [3]. - The ISSB standards focus on governance, strategy, risk and opportunity management, and targets and metrics, aiming to provide investors with decision-useful information [3][5]. Group 3: Long-term Investment in Green Infrastructure - Directing capital towards long-term green infrastructure is vital, especially in emerging markets where investors face inconsistent incentives and regulatory uncertainties [6]. - The ISSB requires companies to disclose not only short-term financial conditions but also how they create long-term value in a climate-constrained world [6]. Group 4: Differentiation for Chinese Solar Companies - Chinese solar companies can leverage ISSB standards as a competitive advantage by proactively disclosing sustainable practices, thereby establishing themselves as industry leaders [7]. - Companies that excel in sustainable disclosure are more likely to attract sustainability-sensitive investors and access high-end export markets [7]. Group 5: Sino-African Cooperation in Clean Energy - There are several landmark projects in Sino-African clean energy cooperation, such as solar and hydroelectric projects, showcasing the potential for collaboration in green sectors [8]. - Future opportunities include joint projects in battery storage, off-grid solar, and smart agriculture technology transfer, which can benefit from ISSB standards to enhance transparency and attract international funding [8]. Group 6: Leveraging Cultural Heritage for Sustainability - Chengdu's unique ecological philosophy can be integrated into modern urban planning to promote sustainable development [9]. - By following ISSB standards, Chengdu companies can demonstrate how their natural cultural assets enhance long-term resilience and value, potentially setting a benchmark in the global green economy [9].

Core Viewpoint - The establishment of a unified sustainable disclosure framework in China, based on international standards, is set to enhance transparency and attract international capital, thereby promoting sustainable economic growth [1][4][5]. Group 1: Sustainable Disclosure Standards - The ISSB has released its first two sustainable disclosure standards, IFRS S1 and IFRS S2, which provide a global benchmark for sustainable financial information disclosure [2][3]. - China's sustainable disclosure standards are designed to align with ISSB standards, ensuring that they reflect international best practices while being tailored to China's unique context [2][4]. Group 2: Impact on Capital Markets - The implementation of ISSB standards in China is expected to improve the transparency of Chinese enterprises in the international market, enhancing their attractiveness to foreign investors [4][5]. - A total of 36 countries and regions have announced their adoption or intention to adopt ISSB standards, representing 60% of global GDP and greenhouse gas emissions, which underscores the significance of these standards in the global market [5]. Group 3: Role of China in Global Standards - China has actively participated in the development of ISSB standards, contributing to the global agenda for sustainable disclosure [6][7]. - The establishment of a Beijing office by the IFRS Foundation and the formation of a cross-departmental working group by the Chinese government demonstrate China's commitment to enhancing the quality and transparency of climate-related financial information [7].

Group 1 - The 2025 Beijing International Sustainable Conference emphasized the importance of unified disclosure standards for capital markets, green finance, and industrial upgrading [1][2] - Emmanuel Faber, chair of ISSB, praised China's progress in sustainable disclosure, particularly the release of the climate disclosure draft, which enhances global comparability [1][3] - As of now, 36 countries and regions have adopted or are planning to adopt ISSB standards, covering 60% of global GDP and greenhouse gas emissions, and 80% of global capital market value excluding the US [1][4] Group 2 - China is advancing a unified sustainable disclosure standard system based on ISSB's global benchmarks, with significant steps taken in 2024 and 2025 for listed companies [2] - The Ministry of Finance has released basic and climate disclosure standards, marking a solid step towards a unified system by 2030 [2] - The People's Bank of China is revising the Sustainable Disclosure Guidelines for Financial Institutions to enhance interoperability with international standards [3] Group 3 - ISSB standards are becoming a "universal language" for sustainable information disclosure, with a focus on providing transparent information to investors [4][5] - The Hong Kong Securities and Futures Commission is working on localizing ISSB standards, creating an ecosystem that includes verification and data technology [5] - Over 87% of Chinese companies have disclosed data points highly aligned with ISSB's climate-related disclosure standards, indicating a strong foundation in climate information disclosure [5]

Core Viewpoint - The increasing global focus on Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) issues is driving the need for enhanced corporate sustainability information disclosure, with a unified national standard being developed in China [1][2]. Group 1: Sustainable Disclosure Standards - The Ministry of Finance and nine other departments jointly issued the "Corporate Sustainability Disclosure Standards - Basic Standards (Trial)" in December last year, marking the beginning of a unified national sustainable disclosure standard system [2]. - The Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Ecology and Environment released the "Corporate Sustainability Disclosure Standards No. 1 - Climate (Trial) (Draft for Comments)" in April 2025, indicating solid progress in the construction of the unified disclosure standards [2]. - The goal is to establish a national unified sustainable disclosure standard system by 2030, as stated by the Director of the Accounting Department of the Ministry of Finance, Lin Qiyun [2]. Group 2: International Standards and Cooperation - The International Sustainability Standards Board (ISSB) provides transparent information for investors, helping them identify risks and opportunities across time dimensions in rapidly changing markets [2]. - The ISSB Chairman, Emmanuel Faber, supports China's development of national unified sustainable disclosure standards based on ISSB guidelines, highlighting China's commitment to improving the quality and transparency of climate-related financial information [2]. - Currently, 36 countries and regions have adopted or are in the process of incorporating ISSB standards into their regulatory or legal frameworks, representing 60% of global GDP and greenhouse gas emissions, and 80% of the global capital market value excluding the United States [3]. Group 3: Implications for Chinese Enterprises - Unified and comparable sustainability information disclosure is seen as a cornerstone for the long-term stable development of global capital markets [3]. - The adoption of ISSB standards by Chinese stakeholders is expected to enhance the international competitiveness and financing capabilities of Chinese enterprises [3]. - This shift is anticipated to effectively guide capital towards supporting green and low-carbon sectors, providing financial support for achieving carbon neutrality goals [3].

Core Viewpoint - The 2025 Beijing International Sustainable Conference emphasized the importance of establishing a collaborative and inclusive sustainable information disclosure ecosystem, aligning with global standards to enhance transparency and investor decision-making [1][3]. Group 1: ISSB and Global Standards - The ISSB Chairman highlighted that ISSB standards provide transparent information for investors, aiding in the identification of value chain risks and opportunities over time [3]. - There is significant progress among jurisdictions representing a substantial share of global capital markets in aligning with ISSB standards, which will enhance the quality of financial information related to sustainability [3]. - The ISSB encourages China to develop a unified national sustainable disclosure standard based on ISSB guidelines, recognizing China's efforts to improve the quality and transparency of climate-related financial information [3][5]. Group 2: China's Commitment to Sustainable Disclosure - The Director of the Accounting Department of the Ministry of Finance stated that China is actively participating in the international governance of sustainable disclosure and aims to create a unified national standard that reflects international best practices while considering local conditions [5]. - The Ministry of Finance plans to establish a comprehensive sustainable disclosure standard system by 2030, emphasizing the need for collaboration among various stakeholders [5]. - The People's Bank of China is revising the "Guidelines for Sustainable Information Disclosure by Financial Institutions" to enhance comparability with international standards and improve environmental information disclosure [7]. Group 3: Contributions and Achievements - The President of the China Enterprise Reform and Development Research Association noted that China has made significant progress in ESG development, contributing to a unique framework and practical path for sustainable practices [9]. - China National Railway Group has recognized the value of ISSB standards in enhancing corporate transparency and investor confidence, actively implementing these standards [11]. - The conference featured discussions on the significance of adopting ISSB standards and building a local ecosystem for sustainable disclosure in Hong Kong [13].