● 本报记者 熊彦莎 近期，多地发布金融支持扩消费相关政策。其中，支持消费类企业上市、引导金融机构用好用足服务消 费与养老再贷款等是政策支持重点。 专家表示，支持优质消费类企业上市，有利于提升企业公信力，扩大优质供给，优化消费结构，满足多 样化需求。加大对消费企业信贷支持力度，将推动服务消费与养老再贷款良性发展，为消费市场复苏注 入动力。 支持优质企业上市 利用资本市场支持消费类企业融资，对于扩大内需、提振消费具有重要意义。中国国际经济交流中心科 研信息部副部长刘向东在接受中国证券报记者采访时表示，支持优质消费类企业上市，通过融资扩大生 产、创新产品，直接扩大优质供给，提升企业公信力，有利于优化消费结构，满足多样化需求。此外， 消费类上市企业稳健增长，能够通过财富效应提升居民财产性收入，提升消费意愿。 Wind数据显示，截至11月24日，今年以来有18家可选消费类企业在国内上市。根据申万一级行业分 类，其中有13家汽车企业、2家轻工制造企业、1家机械设备企业、1家纺织服装企业和1家电子企业。 加大信贷支持力度 除借力资本市场外，一些地方还加大了对消费企业的信贷支持力度。 广东发布的《金融支持"粤享暖冬 乐游广 ...

实施方案明确，加大商品消费信贷支持力度。积极开展汽车贷款业务，合理确定贷款发放比例、期限和 利率，适当减免汽车以旧换新过程中提前结清贷款产生的违约金。引导金融机构针对首次购买、以旧换 新、二手车等不同购车场景优化创新金融产品，加大对汽车特别是新能源汽车消费的金融支持力度。鼓 励金融机构积极满足家电以旧换新、绿色智能家居家装、电子产品等领域消费金融需求，通过多种形式 参与商家促消费活动，提供消费贷款、信用卡分期费率优惠等活动，为消费者适当减费让利。 在扩大消费供给方面，实施方案提出，发挥信贷支持主渠道作用。辖内各银行、消费金融公司、汽车金 融公司等金融机构要找准自身功能定位，发挥自身优势，为消费领域提供差异化、特色化、便捷化的金 融服务。鼓励辖内银行加大对服务消费领域内部资金转移定价支持，创新优化服务消费领域信贷产品， 加大对符合条件的消费行业经营主体首贷、续贷、信用贷、中长期贷款支持力度，满足服务消费企业多 样化金融需求。支持辖内金融机构提升对消费贷款的风险管理能力，在确保覆盖经营成本和商业可持续 前提下自主理性定价，合理适度扩大客户支持范围，促进消费贷款提质增量。 积极发展股权融资。支持生产、渠道、终端等消 ...

Core Insights - The economic performance of 15 sub-provincial cities in China varies significantly, with Chengdu and Wuhan showing strong growth in GDP and service sectors [3][6][12] Group 1: Economic Growth and Performance - Chengdu's GDP reached 1.82 trillion yuan in the first three quarters, ranking third among sub-provincial cities, with a year-on-year growth rate of 5.8%, the second highest [3][6] - Wuhan's GDP was 1.55 trillion yuan, ranking fifth, with a year-on-year growth of 5.6%, the fourth highest [3][6] - Shenyang lagged behind with a GDP growth rate of only 2.3%, less than half the national average [3] Group 2: Service Sector Contribution - The rapid growth of the service sector is a key driver for Chengdu and Wuhan, with Chengdu's service sector contributing 70% to its GDP and Wuhan's contributing 65% [6][8] - Both cities achieved service sector growth rates of 6%, surpassing the national average of 5.4% [6][8] - Shenzhen also performed well, with a service sector growth rate of 6.6%, contributing 65% to its GDP [8] Group 3: Industrial Growth in Other Cities - Dalian and Xiamen, part of the third tier of sub-provincial cities, showed significant industrial growth, with Dalian's industrial GDP growing by 8% and Xiamen's by 7% [14][16] - Dalian's GDP for the first nine months was 724.8 billion yuan, while Xiamen's was 641.9 billion yuan [14][16] Group 4: Overall Economic Contribution of Sub-Provincial Cities - The total GDP of the 15 sub-provincial cities reached 19.3 trillion yuan, accounting for 19.06% of the national GDP, marking the highest contribution since the start of the 14th Five-Year Plan [19][20] - The second tier of sub-provincial cities has seen an increase in GDP share from 29.9% in 2019 to 31.6% in 2025 [21][23]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles highlights the recognition and importance of "small bosses" in Guangdong's economy, showcasing the resilience and diversity of the province's private sector [2][3][5] - The Guangdong Provincial Market Supervision Administration reported that the number of registered business entities in the province has surpassed 20 million, with a net increase of 953,100 entities compared to the end of 2024, maintaining the highest total in the country [3] - Individual businesses, referred to as "small bosses," play a crucial role in employment and livelihood, directly supporting over 30 million jobs, with a significant concentration in wholesale and retail, accommodation and catering, manufacturing, and service industries [3][5] Group 2 - The history of individual businesses in Guangdong reflects their evolution from small operators to larger enterprises, indicating their foundational role in the province's economic development [4] - The Guangdong government has implemented various supportive measures for individual businesses, including entrepreneurial support, financial assistance, and rights protection, to promote high-quality development [5] - The recognition of "small bosses" by local authorities signifies the government's reliance on the private economy and acknowledges the contributions of small and medium-sized operators to society [5]

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese government has introduced a series of policy measures aimed at expanding service consumption, which is seen as a crucial driver for economic growth and improving living standards [1][2][3]. Group 1: Policy Measures - The policy measures focus on addressing bottlenecks in service consumption development, emphasizing the combination of improving people's livelihoods and promoting consumption [1]. - Initiatives include creating high-profile sports events, expanding long-term care insurance, and supporting early childhood education to enhance service consumption [1]. - The measures aim to optimize supply and stimulate demand by promoting new consumption models and increasing quality service resources in sectors like culture and tourism [2]. Group 2: Market Dynamics - In the first half of the year, over 19 million foreign visitors entered China, marking a 30% year-on-year increase, with visa-free entries rising by 54% [3]. - The number of duty-free shops has tripled compared to the end of 2024, with a 248% increase in the number of people benefiting from duty-free refunds [3]. - The Ministry of Commerce is working to enhance high-quality consumption supply and create diverse consumption scenarios to boost inbound consumption [3]. Group 3: Service Quality Improvement - The government plans to enhance service supply quality by promoting innovation in service sectors through initiatives like "Artificial Intelligence+" [4]. - There is a focus on improving service levels in key areas such as childcare, elderly care, and tourism by increasing skilled labor supply and implementing credit systems [4][5]. - The establishment of a unified market environment is being prioritized to facilitate fair market access, especially for small and medium-sized enterprises [5]. Group 4: Financial Support - The People's Bank of China has allocated 500 billion yuan for service consumption and elderly care refinancing, encouraging financial institutions to increase lending in key service sectors [5]. - As of July, the loan balance in key service consumption areas reached 2.79 trillion yuan, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 5.3% [5].

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese government has introduced a series of policy measures aimed at expanding service consumption, which is seen as a crucial driver for economic growth and improving living standards [1][2][3]. Group 1: Policy Measures - The policies focus on addressing bottlenecks in service consumption development, emphasizing the combination of improving people's livelihoods and promoting consumption [1]. - Key initiatives include the establishment of high-profile sports events, expansion of long-term care insurance, and support for early childhood education [1]. - The measures aim to enhance both supply and demand by promoting new consumption models and increasing quality service resources in sectors like culture and tourism [2]. Group 2: Economic Impact - In the first half of the year, over 19 million foreign visitors entered China, marking a 30% increase year-on-year, with visa-free entries rising by 54% [3]. - The number of duty-free shops has tripled compared to the end of 2024, and the number of people benefiting from duty-free refunds surged by 248% [3]. - The Ministry of Commerce is working to create a diverse consumption environment and enhance high-quality consumption offerings [3]. Group 3: Service Supply Enhancement - The government plans to improve service supply quality and capacity by fostering innovation and integrating various consumption sectors [4]. - Initiatives include the implementation of "AI+" actions to enhance service consumption and the establishment of training bases to increase skilled service personnel [4]. - A focus on creating a fair market environment for all enterprises, especially small and medium-sized ones, is also emphasized [4]. Group 4: Cultural and Tourism Development - The Ministry of Culture and Tourism aims to enhance tourism services and experiences through various initiatives, including the revitalization of tourist attractions and promoting new economic models [5]. - The introduction of tailored tourism products for inbound visitors and the effective implementation of duty-free policies are also part of the strategy [5]. Group 5: Financial Support - The People's Bank of China has allocated 500 billion yuan for service consumption and elderly care loans, encouraging financial institutions to increase lending in key service sectors [6]. - As of July, the loan balance in key service consumption areas reached 2.79 trillion yuan, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 5.3% [6].

Group 1 - The People's Bank of China has established a 500 billion yuan re-lending program to support service consumption and elderly care, aiming to guide financial institutions to increase credit investment in key sectors such as accommodation, catering, cultural and entertainment, education, resident services, and tourism [1] - Financial institutions have reported nearly 60 billion yuan in applications for the service consumption and elderly care re-lending, involving nearly 4,000 operating entities and over 5,700 loans [1] - A separate re-lending program for technological innovation and technological transformation was set up with an initial 500 billion yuan in April 2024, which has been expanded to 800 billion yuan this year to encourage banks to support credit for key equipment upgrade projects [1] Group 2 - In the first half of this year, the technological innovation and technological transformation re-lending supported nearly 100 projects in accommodation, catering, cultural education, and tourism sectors, with loan contracts signed amounting to approximately 11.9 billion yuan [1]

Core Viewpoint - Individual businesses play a crucial role in stabilizing growth, promoting employment, and improving livelihoods in the market economy [2][3] Group 1: Support for Individual Businesses - The State Administration for Market Regulation has held two events to engage with individual businesses, platform companies, and financial institutions to enhance support [2][3] - Policies have been introduced to provide targeted financial support, with local departments actively implementing measures to assist individual businesses in financing [4][5] - The number of new business entities established in the first half of the year reached 13.278 million, with individual businesses accounting for 8.629 million [4] Group 2: Consumption and Economic Growth - The recovery of the consumption market is expected, particularly in the restaurant sector, with growth anticipated to improve month by month [2][7] - A consumption subsidy of approximately 90 billion is expected to boost retail sales by about 0.3 percentage points in the second half of the year [2] - The Ministry of Commerce is promoting new consumption models and integrating various sectors to enhance service consumption [7][8] Group 3: Policy Implementation and Future Outlook - The market regulatory authority emphasizes the need for innovative support measures to enhance the operational capabilities of individual businesses [4][5] - The government is focusing on increasing high-quality service supply and stimulating various service sectors to meet consumer demand [8] - Recent policies, including personal consumption loan interest subsidies, aim to boost consumer confidence and spending [8]

Core Viewpoint - China has made a significant policy adjustment regarding the value-added tax (VAT) refund system, becoming more cautious about refunds to improve policy guidance and efficiency [1][2]. Group 1: Policy Adjustments - The Ministry of Finance and the State Taxation Administration announced new VAT refund policies effective from September, focusing on specific industries [1][2]. - The adjustment aims to enhance the precision of tax policies and reduce the burden on tax administration [1][2]. Group 2: Industry-Specific Changes - The manufacturing, scientific research and technology services, software and information technology services, and ecological protection and environmental governance sectors will continue to enjoy monthly VAT refunds [3]. - Other sectors previously eligible for full refunds, such as wholesale and retail, agriculture, accommodation, and education, will now face new restrictions and reduced refund rates [3][4]. Group 3: Real Estate Sector - The real estate development sector will maintain its previous VAT refund policy, allowing eligible taxpayers to apply for a 60% refund on newly added VAT credits after meeting specific conditions [4][5]. - This policy aims to stabilize the real estate market and alleviate financial pressure on developers [5]. Group 4: General Industry Adjustments - For industries outside the specified sectors, a new threshold of 500,000 yuan for newly added VAT credits has been established, with a tiered refund rate of 60% for amounts up to 10 million yuan and 30% for amounts exceeding that [6]. - The new policy reflects a shift from broad-based tax reductions to more structured tax policies, addressing fiscal constraints and preventing tax fraud [6][7].

Core Viewpoint - China has made a significant policy adjustment regarding the value-added tax (VAT) refund system, becoming more cautious about refunds to reduce fiscal pressure and improve management efficiency [3][4]. Summary by Sections VAT Refund Policy Adjustment - The Ministry of Finance and the State Taxation Administration announced a new VAT refund policy effective from September, aimed at enhancing policy precision and reducing compliance costs [3][4]. - The VAT is China's largest tax, generating over 6 trillion yuan annually [3]. Historical Context - Since 2011, China has piloted VAT refunds for specific industries to alleviate financial pressure on enterprises, with significant expansions in 2019 and 2022 [4][5]. - The total amount of VAT refunds surged to 2.46 trillion yuan in 2022, a 3.8-fold increase from 2021, as part of measures to support businesses during the pandemic [5]. Changes in Eligible Industries - The new policy continues to allow full monthly refunds for the manufacturing, scientific research, software, and environmental sectors, while imposing restrictions on previously eligible sectors like wholesale and retail [6][10]. - Industries such as wholesale, retail, agriculture, and hospitality will now receive partial refunds (60% or 30%) instead of full refunds [6][10]. Real Estate Sector Provisions - The real estate sector has a separate VAT refund policy, allowing developers to apply for refunds under specific conditions, maintaining stability in the sector [7][9]. - The policy aims to support the real estate market amidst ongoing challenges, with a focus on maintaining operational stability [8][9]. General Industry Adjustments - Other industries not included in the specified categories will face stricter requirements for VAT refunds, including a minimum threshold of 500,000 yuan for new refundable amounts [10][11]. - The new policy reflects a shift from broad tax cuts to more targeted fiscal measures, addressing the need for fiscal sustainability and risk prevention [10][11]. Implementation and Management - The State Taxation Administration has issued detailed guidelines to ensure the effective implementation of the new VAT refund policy [11]. - Tax revenue data indicates a slight decline in overall tax income, with VAT revenue showing a modest increase of 3% year-on-year [11].