（总台央视记者 刘璐璐） 责编：张青津、卢思宇 中国气象局今天上午举行新闻发布会，会上发布《地球系统预报发展战略（2025—2035年）》。 地球系统预报是将地球各个圈层作为一个相互耦合的整体，在统一框架下对大气、海洋、陆地、冰冻圈 和生物圈等多圈层进行综合模拟和预测的预报体系。与传统预报相比，二者基础理论和技术体系一脉相 承，同样依托观测资料、物理规律和高性能计算支撑。但传统预报主要聚焦大气、侧重天气现象刻画， 而地球系统预报通过融合数值模式、人工智能和数字孪生等先进技术，实现对多圈层相互作用及其反馈 机制的整体表征，不仅拓展了预报对象的覆盖范围，也更加注重风险形成、演变和影响评估，能为防灾 减灾、应对气候变化和服务经济社会发展提供更有力的科技支撑。 《战略》系统规划了八大重点任务。 《战略》的目标：到2035年，要建成自主可控、国际先进的地球系统预报体系。这个目标将通过两个阶 段稳步推进。未来五年内，重点实现新一代预报模式的业务化运行，并建成气象人工智能模型的统一基 础框架。推动各项技术的深度融合，发布第一代地球系统数字服务平台。在2030年至2035年间，全面建 成统一框架的地球系统预报体系，显著提升对 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese meteorological industry has achieved significant progress in coordinated development, with a focus on data sharing and resource integration across various sectors [1][2] Group 1: Data Sharing and Integration - The meteorological department has shared over 100 types of meteorological data products with society, issuing 1.06 million meteorological data identity tags [1] - Nearly 200,000 industry station data points have been shared, enhancing disaster prevention and relief efforts [1] - Collaboration among meteorological departments and other sectors has led to the effective use of meteorological data in services [1] Group 2: Governance and Standards - A governance framework has been established for meteorological data, including a safety regulation platform and a data identity tagging system [1] - The meteorological industry is working on a unified monitoring network and standard system, promoting mutual recognition of standards among departments [2] - Efforts are being made to integrate meteorological data with other industry data to support sectors like low-altitude economy and renewable energy [2]

· 全球首次实现气象卫星区域250米分辨率每分钟连续成像 观测 · 风云三号G星是我国首颗、全球第三颗低倾角轨道降水测量 上 • 风云三号E星是全球唯一在晨昏时段开展观测的民用极轨 气象卫星 新华社 司刊 nlist "风云"卫星俯瞰全球，筑就陆海空天一体化监测体系；人工智能预报精准至公里级，暴雨预警准确率再创新高；生活气象服务指数增至70余 种，精细化气象服务涵盖衣食住行游购娱……"十四五"时期，从守护百姓衣食住行到助力国家发展大局，从筑牢国内生产生活安全防线到赋能 产业升级，气象服务已成为满足民生期待、推动经济社会发展的重要支撑。 跟随这组海报，共同感知中国气象以硬核实力护航国计民生、守护万家平安、赋能千行百业的蓬勃力量与责任担当。 · 灾害性天气监测率提升到83% 强对流天气预警时间提前13% · 能够提前3至7天预报区域性暴雨、高温、寒潮过程 · 提前15天预测全国性重大天气过程 · 提前6个月预测全球气候异常事件 提前1年发布气候年景预测产品 新华社 3 27 建成临海空 本省合量量表机机系统 · 风云卫星、北斗探空、天气雷达等探测装备、技术实现 高水平自立自强 · "风雷""风清""风顺""风宇" ...

新华社北京12月4日电（记者 刘诗平）记者4日从中国气象局了解到，"十四五"时期，气象部门积 极开展人工防雹、增雨雪作业，累计增加降水约1677亿吨，人工防雹作业减少经济损失约603亿元。 中国气象局专项保障司副司长任振和表示，"十五五"时期，气象部门将大力提升人工影响天气工作 在防灾减灾救灾、农业生产、生态保护修复、重大应急响应等方面的服务效益，更好发挥人工影响天气 工作的趋利避害作用。 改善生态环境方面，人工影响天气同样发挥着重要作用。气象部门在三江源、祁连山、天山等生态 重点保护区常年实施人工增雨雪作业，助力三江源等地区植被覆盖呈逐渐增加趋势。 蔡淼介绍，面向春耕春播、森林草原防火、生态修复，以及南水北调中线工程水库增蓄等需求，气 象部门利用最新技术，在今年3月跨越西北、华北10个省份首次开展多部门联合"春雨"行动，4月组织华 中3省启动"谷雨"行动，提升大范围、跨区域多机联合作业能力，"春雨""谷雨"行动累计增加了约8.5亿 吨的降水。 "人工影响天气为我国防灾减灾、保障农业丰收提供有力保障。"中国气象局人工影响天气中心效果 评估室副主任蔡淼说，目前全国人工影响天气作业面积覆盖了68%的粮食主产区、6 ...

Core Insights - The China Meteorological Administration officially released the "China Greenhouse Gas Bulletin (2024)", marking the 14th consecutive year of monitoring greenhouse gas emissions in China [1] - The bulletin indicates that the annual average increase of carbon dioxide concentration at the Wari Station is in line with the global average level [1] - Human-induced carbon emissions in China have significantly narrowed their growth rate, remaining below the global increase of 0.8%, demonstrating the effectiveness of China's carbon reduction commitments [1] Summary by Categories Monitoring and Reporting - The "China Greenhouse Gas Bulletin" serves as an important decision-making product for climate change response and China's "dual carbon" strategy [1] - The China Meteorological Administration has established a national atmospheric background greenhouse gas observation network, which includes 1 global baseline station, 7 regional baseline stations, 11 pilot baseline stations, and over 120 greenhouse gas observation stations [1] International Recognition - The quality and international comparability of the observation data from the national network have received widespread recognition from the international community [1]

Core Points - Zhao Bailin, a renowned atmospheric scientist and educator, passed away peacefully at the age of 97 on November 30, 2025, surrounded by family and medical staff [1][3] Group 1: Personal Background - Zhao Bailin was born in April 1929 in Liaoning Province and graduated from Tsinghua University in 1952, starting his teaching career at Peking University the same year [3][5] - He studied in the Soviet Union from 1957 to 1959 and became a professor in 1979, later being elected as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1991 [3][4] Group 2: Academic Contributions - Zhao made significant contributions in various fields including cloud precipitation physics, artificial weather modification, atmospheric remote sensing, and climate change [3][4] - He conducted the first human balloon charge measurement experiment in the Soviet Union and developed a series of multi-frequency microwave radiometers, enhancing weather monitoring capabilities [3][4] Group 3: Awards and Recognition - Throughout his career, Zhao received numerous awards including the National Science Conference Award in 1978 and the National Science and Technology Progress Award in 1986 and 1987 [4] - He was recognized as a "National Expert with Outstanding Contributions" in 1988 and received various other accolades for his contributions to science and education [4] Group 4: Teaching and Mentorship - Zhao was dedicated to teaching and mentoring, having trained many students at various academic levels over his 73 years at Peking University [6] - He was known for his rigorous teaching style and commitment to academic excellence, often preparing meticulously for his classes [6]

Core Points - The successful launch of the Shenzhou-22 manned spacecraft took place on November 25 at 12:11 PM, facilitated by the Long March 2F Yao-22 rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center [1][2] - The meteorological support team effectively analyzed complex weather conditions, including frequent cold air activities and high-altitude wind speeds, to determine the optimal launch window [1] - The Gansu Provincial Meteorological Bureau quickly mobilized experts to form a meteorological support team, which began on-site support tasks on November 18, focusing on critical weather elements [1] Meteorological Support - The meteorological team conducted multiple consultations with the launch base's meteorological office to assess key weather factors such as temperature, wind speed, and weather phenomena [1] - Since November 14, the weather conditions posed significant uncertainties for the wind field forecasts at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center [1] - Advanced technologies and platforms from the China Meteorological Administration and Gansu Provincial Meteorological Bureau were integrated to enhance forecasting accuracy [1] Launch Timing - After precise calculations, the team identified November 20 for vertical transport and analyzed various alternative launch windows [2] - The optimal launch time was determined to be 12:11 PM on November 25, coinciding with a break in cold air activity [2]

Core Viewpoint - The flu activity in China is on the rise, with many provinces reaching moderate to high epidemic levels, prompting the release of flu meteorological risk forecasts by national and local authorities [1][2][3] Group 1: National and Local Forecasts - The China Meteorological Administration issued a flu meteorological risk forecast for November 25-26, indicating moderate risk in regions such as western Tibet and eastern Fujian [1] - Shanxi Province's meteorological service also forecasted favorable conditions for flu occurrence from November 26-27 [2] - Inner Mongolia reported moderate to high flu risk for November 23-24 [2] Group 2: New Services and Technologies - Jiangsu Province launched a flu meteorological index prediction service, providing weekly forecasts during the flu season [2][4] - The service combines traditional and AI models to analyze meteorological data and flu transmission patterns, offering scientific predictions for public health protection [4] Group 3: Meteorological Impact on Flu - The onset of winter, with significant temperature drops and increased indoor activity, raises the risk of respiratory pathogens, including flu [4] - Experts indicate that various meteorological factors can lower human immunity, making individuals more susceptible to flu infections [4] Group 4: Public Health Recommendations - The public is advised to adopt a dual defense strategy of vaccination and good hygiene practices, as the current flu season is characterized by the circulation of H3N2 and other flu strains [5]

Core Viewpoint - The establishment of a new meteorological service system for agriculture in Liaoning Province aims to enhance rural disaster prevention, modern agricultural services, and support for beautiful rural construction, creating a more effective and coordinated system [1][3]. Group 1: System Development - The new agricultural meteorological service system combines decision-making services, industry services, and customized services to meet the diverse needs of different stakeholders [1][3]. - Liaoning's meteorological services have expanded beyond traditional agricultural production support to encompass rural safety and farmers' income enhancement, integrating into the entire agricultural industry chain [3][4]. Group 2: Technological Integration - The upgrade of meteorological service equipment and technology is driven by digital and intelligent technologies, shifting the focus from mere availability to accuracy, detail, and effectiveness [4]. - Advanced monitoring technologies, including satellite remote sensing and drones, are utilized for dynamic monitoring of crop growth and disaster risks, enhancing forecasting accuracy and timeliness through AI and big data applications [4]. Group 3: Strategic Importance - Meteorological services are identified as a key support for national food security, an important tool for promoting rural revitalization, and a vital aspect of improving the welfare of farmers [3]. - The Liaoning meteorological department is closely aligned with the rural revitalization strategy and the demand for high-quality agricultural development, continuously enhancing service capabilities and developing new service models [3].

Core Viewpoint - The combination of a cold wave and flu season poses significant health challenges, necessitating accurate risk assessment and protective measures for the public [1][3][8] Group 1: Health Risks and Challenges - The cold wave has led to a significant drop in temperatures across most regions, increasing the risk of flu transmission [1] - The dominant flu strain this year is the H3N2 subtype, which is highly contagious and poses a greater threat to vulnerable populations such as the elderly and children [3][4] - Distinguishing between common colds and flu is crucial for effective health protection, as they differ in symptoms, transmission, and risk levels [3][4] Group 2: Preventive Measures and Tools - Moji Weather provides a comprehensive flu risk forecast and cold weather guidance, integrating meteorological data with health protection needs [5][6] - The "Flu Forecast" and "Cold Index" work together to inform users about flu risks and daily cold probabilities, enabling better planning for protective measures [5] - The platform offers a full-service system that includes flu forecasts, protective advice, and symptom feedback, allowing users to create personal health records and improve predictive models [5] Group 3: Cold Weather Protection - The "24-Hour Forecast," "Clothing Index," and "Wind Chill Index" provide tailored recommendations for cold weather protection, especially for sensitive groups [6] - These tools help users anticipate temperature fluctuations and plan appropriate clothing to minimize health risks associated with cold exposure [6][8]