中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所科研人员从新疆昌吉地区采集的千叶蓍全草中分离出16个倍半萜， 其中12个为新化合物。通过高分辨质谱、核磁共振波谱等方法，科研人员成功确定了这些化合物的平面 结构以及绝对构型。 记者8月18日从中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所获悉，该所资源化学研究室科研人员在对菊科蓍属 植物千叶蓍进行大量分析测试后发现，其倍半萜类成分具有抗神经炎症相关活性。这一发现为开发治疗 神经炎症疾病的相关天然先导化合物提供了坚实研究基础。相关研究成果近日发表于国际期刊《分子结 构杂志》。 据了解，千叶蓍在众多国家和地区被当作传统医药使用，可用于治疗胃肠疾病、肝胆疾病、高血 压、呼吸道感染、发热以及风湿性疾病等，还能促进伤口愈合，缓解皮肤炎症，具有良好的药用价值。 倍半萜类成分作为千叶蓍中的重要活性成分之一，因其结构丰富多样且活性优异，一直是天然药物化学 研究领域的热点，也是药物先导化合物研究的热门靶向化合物。 （原载于《科技日报》 2025-08-20 第06版） 图为千叶蓍。视觉中国供图 在进一步的研究中，科研人员利用脂多糖诱导的小胶质细胞模型，测试了化合物的抗神经炎症相关 活性。结果显示，有5个化合物可有效抑 ...

人类思考、记忆和感受时，大脑里的白质纤维束像高速公路一样传递着信息，而大脑皮层的复杂褶 皱就像山脉和河谷，为信息传递提供了独特的支撑。记者18日从中国科学院自动化研究所获悉，来自该 所的科研人员成功揭示人类大脑皮层形态与白质纤维连接的内在关系。相关研究成果在线发表于《自 然-通讯》杂志。 "过去，学界惯于把大脑皮层的形状与白质纤维的连接分开研究，忽视了二者耦合所蕴含的全局机 制。"论文通讯作者、中国科学院自动化研究所研究员樊令仲说。 在这项研究中，科研人员利用高分辨率多模态磁共振成像技术，创造性地将皮层复杂的折叠形态分 解为不同"频率"的几何模式，并描绘了主要白质纤维束在皮层表面的连接点分布。结果发现，皮层的几 何模式可以非常准确地预测纤维束的连接分布，就像地形决定河流的走向。 "我们把这种可以精确测量的紧密配合关系称为'白质纤维—皮层几何耦合'（TGC）。这种关系不 仅非常稳定，还能像指纹一样区分不同个体。"樊令仲说，深入分析TGC发现，大脑结构的形成是"先 天"与"后天"共同作用的结果。 （原载于《科技日报》 2025-08-19 第01版） ...

Core Insights - A research team led by Rice University has achieved the strongest phonon interference effect to date in silicon carbide systems, known as "Fano resonance," with an intensity two orders of magnitude higher than previous studies [1] - This phonon-based technology is expected to advance molecular-level sensing technology and open new application pathways in energy harvesting, thermal management, and quantum computing [1] Group 1 - The interference phenomenon, akin to ripples in a pond, enhances or cancels out various waves such as light, sound, and atomic vibrations, providing power for high-precision sensors and potential applications in quantum computing [1] - The breakthrough relies on constructing a two-dimensional metallic interface on a silicon carbide substrate, embedding several layers of silver atoms between graphene and silicon carbide, significantly enhancing the interference effect of different vibration modes [1] Group 2 - The team utilized Raman spectroscopy to study phonon interference, revealing highly asymmetric line shapes in the spectra, with some cases showing complete "valleys," indicative of strong interference and unique anti-resonance patterns [2] - The interference sensitivity is high enough to detect single molecules without chemical labels, making the device simple and scalable, with potential applications in quantum sensing and next-generation molecular detection [2] - Low-temperature experiments confirmed that this effect is entirely due to phonon interactions rather than electronic effects, with this "pure phonon" quantum interference being rare and only occurring in specific two-dimensional metal/silicon carbide systems [2]

Core Insights - The "14th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes the construction of major scientific innovation platforms, including national science centers in Beijing, Shanghai, the Greater Bay Area, and Hefei, to enhance regional technological innovation [1]. Group 1: Beijing Huairou Science City - The Huairou Science City has evolved from initial planning to becoming one of the regions with the highest density of national major scientific infrastructure over nearly ten years [5]. - The High Energy Photon Source (HEPS) is a core facility in Huairou, expected to be one of the world's brightest fourth-generation synchrotron radiation sources upon completion [7]. Group 2: Shanghai Zhangjiang Science City - The Zhangjiang Science City has seen significant improvements in its industrial ecosystem surrounding the Artificial Intelligence Island from 2020 to 2025 [9]. - Originally covering 17 square kilometers, Zhangjiang Science City has expanded to 220 square kilometers, housing two national laboratories and over 100 incubators [11]. Group 3: Shenzhen Guangming Science City - The Guangming Science City, covering 99 square kilometers, is a key area for Shenzhen's comprehensive national science center, focusing on large scientific installations and technology innovation clusters [13]. - The Shenzhen Institute of Technology, located in Guangming, aims to conduct cutting-edge scientific research and cultivate top innovative talents [15]. Group 4: Hefei Future Science City - The Hefei Future Science City, with a planned area of approximately 19.2 square kilometers, focuses on quantum information, fusion energy, and deep space exploration, featuring significant scientific installations [17]. - Key facilities like the "Kua Fu" fusion reactor and BEST experimental device are part of the national major scientific infrastructure [19]. Group 5: Chengdu Western Science City - The Western Science City in Chengdu is a vital driver for technological innovation in the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle, utilizing a collaborative "one city, multiple parks" model [21]. - Six major scientific installations are already established in the Western Science City, focusing on electronic information, biomedicine, and digital economy [23].

Core Insights - An advanced remote sensing system developed by a research team from Queensland University of Technology can accurately detect and map the growth of moss and lichen in Antarctica, providing critical support for Antarctic ecological research and global climate change monitoring [1] Group 1: Technology and Innovation - The remote sensing system innovatively combines drone hyperspectral cameras, GNSS-RTK technology, and high-resolution RGB drone images [1] - The team trained models using six spectral indices specific to polar plants, resulting in performance that significantly exceeds traditional metrics [1] - The best-performing AI model achieved an accuracy of approximately 99% during testing, ensuring reliable data processing for future work [1] Group 2: Application and Impact - The system allows for both regional overviews at higher flight altitudes and detailed captures at lower altitudes, enabling applications from local to valley-wide scales [1] - A lightweight system utilizing only eight key wavelengths can generate reliable maps, enhancing survey efficiency and cost-effectiveness [1] - This advancement provides new technology for monitoring Antarctic ecosystems, aiding in understanding the impact of climate change on these environments and promoting global ecological protection [1]

Core Insights - The ongoing conflict over rare earth resources between the US and China is reshaping the global landscape, stemming from long-standing issues rather than sudden events [1] - The US's reliance on China for rare earth refining has led to a fragile domestic supply chain, technological stagnation, and significant talent loss [1] - The crisis was ignited by China's stricter export control policies on rare earths, which caused a dramatic surge in prices, with some categories increasing by up to 60 times [1][3] Group 1: US Government Response - In response to the crisis, the Trump administration held emergency meetings to stabilize the situation through financial subsidies and direct funding, but these measures were insufficient [3] - Despite having rare earth resources, the US has outsourced refining to China, resulting in a fragmented domestic industry with outdated equipment and a lack of technical talent [3] - The US government attempted to ease some export restrictions during trade negotiations, but military and high-tech sectors continued to face significant challenges [3][4] Group 2: Challenges in US High-Tech Industry - The rare earth crisis highlights deeper issues within the US high-tech industry, including over-reliance on external sources and long-term industrial hollowing [4] - The US research community has been severely impacted, with significant cuts to funding for projects, leading to concerns about the future research environment [4][6] - The intertwining of research funding with political correctness has exacerbated the already fragile US research system, resulting in talent loss and a decline in innovation [6] Group 3: China's Position - China has enhanced its global influence in the rare earth sector, employing strategic export controls that allow for normal procurement in civilian sectors while restricting military and high-tech applications [3][8] - The international community's dependence on China for rare earth supplies complicates the geopolitical landscape, as many countries find themselves caught between the US and China [8] Group 4: Future Implications - The rare earth crisis is a microcosm of a systemic crisis involving multiple factors such as industry, technology, talent, and policy, with the ability to control these elements determining future competitive advantages [10] - The ongoing US-China rivalry has evolved, with potential flashpoints emerging in technology, finance, energy, and talent sectors, indicating a more complex and covert form of competition [10] - The year 2025 is pivotal, with decisions made now likely to influence future dynamics, as both nations seek to find a new balance in their ongoing rivalry [10]

Core Insights - The He Tao Shenzhen Park has been recognized as a significant cross-border and international cooperation platform, leveraging its unique advantages of "one river, two banks, one area, two parks, two systems" and direct connections through two major ports and three channels [1][2] Group 1: Achievements and Developments - Over the past two years, the He Tao Shenzhen Park has been approved for the establishment of the National Artificial Intelligence Academy - Shenzhen He Tao Academy, and has launched branches of national laboratories in Hefei, Guangzhou, and Pengcheng, as well as the Auda Integrated Circuit Microelectronics Research Institute [1] - The park has undertaken a total of 12 national major science and technology projects, 5 national-level science and technology plan projects, 5 national key research and development projects, and 44 projects funded by the National Natural Science Foundation [1] - The park has attracted over 200 high-end research projects, 447 technology enterprises, and more than 15,000 research talents, forming notable technology and industry clusters such as "World Fortune 500 Enterprise R&D Centers" and "Key Core Technology Tackling Projects" [2] Group 2: Strategic Initiatives - The He Tao Shenzhen Park plays a crucial role as a "super connector" for Hong Kong, facilitating the introduction of two international strategic scientist-led projects: the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Digital Economy Research Institute and the Life Sciences and Energy Materials Innovation Research Institute [1] - The park aims to become a hub for gathering top international scientific talent and resources, focusing on the transformation of innovative achievements into practical applications [2]

Core Insights - The article emphasizes the importance of communication and collaboration between China and the Netherlands in the fields of science and technology, highlighting the mutual benefits of such exchanges [1][2] Group 1: Scientific and Technological Advancements - The rapid modernization of China over the past two decades is noted, with significant advancements in science and technology being recognized [1] - China is praised for its substantial investment in research and development, which is seen as a driver for overall societal progress [1] - The article highlights that many high-level original scientific research outputs are now coming from China, indicating a strong talent base supported by the country's large population [1] Group 2: Green Technology and Sustainable Development - China's considerable investments in green energy, such as large-scale solar power plants and systematic strategies for sustainable societal transformation, are acknowledged [1] - There is a belief in the vast potential for cooperation between China and the Netherlands in the field of green technology, which is beneficial for the global community [1] Group 3: Education and Cultural Exchange - The article discusses the high academic capabilities and English proficiency of Chinese students, as well as their global perspective, which exceeds expectations [1] - The respect for teachers and elders in Chinese traditional culture, along with the concept of "teaching according to aptitude," is highlighted as valuable lessons for European societies [1]

Core Insights - The successful experiment marks a significant milestone in the development of high repetition frequency extreme ultraviolet free electron laser technology in China [1][3] - The project, initiated in 2020, has been supported by the Dalian municipal government and involves a collaborative team from Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics and Shenzhen Advanced Light Source Research Institute [1] Group 1 - The research team, led by Academician Yang Xueming and researcher Zhang Weiqing, achieved a stable output of 1 million Hertz repetition frequency electron beam flow [1] - Key technologies developed include photonic cathode electron gun, ultrafast laser system, solid-state RF power source, superconducting accelerator, and low-temperature liquid helium system [1] - The testing platform has achieved a stable acceleration operation of 0.1 milliampere average current electron beam, with energy exceeding 100 million electron volts and pulse charge greater than 100 picocoulombs [2] Group 2 - The platform demonstrated stable operation for 1 hour with energy stability better than 0.01% (RMS) [2] - The success of this experiment is crucial for advancing the construction and research of high repetition frequency free electron laser devices in China [3]

Core Insights - The successful experiment of achieving a stable 1 million Hertz repetition frequency electron beam marks a significant milestone for the Dalian Advanced Light Source project, indicating that the research team has mastered key technologies necessary for its future development [1][3]. Group 1: Project Overview - The Dalian Advanced Light Source pre-research project was initiated in 2020, with a collaborative team from Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics and Shenzhen Advanced Light Source Research Institute, supported by the Dalian municipal government [1]. - The project aims to overcome key technologies for generating high repetition frequency and high-quality electron beams [1]. Group 2: Technical Achievements - After five years of efforts, the team successfully developed critical technologies including photoinjector electron guns, ultrafast laser systems, solid-state RF power sources, superconducting accelerators, and low-temperature liquid helium systems [1]. - The testing platform has achieved a stable acceleration operation of 0.1 milliampere average current electron beam, with specific technical indicators such as electron beam energy exceeding 100 million electron volts and a single pulse charge greater than 100 picocoulombs [2]. Group 3: Significance of the Experiment - The success of this experiment is crucial for the construction and research of high repetition frequency free electron laser devices in China [3].