21世纪经济报道记者 易妍君 2025年主动权益基金业绩迎来大爆发，年度"翻倍基"批量涌现。 2025年成绩单亮相的同时，也刷新了主动权益基金中长期业绩榜单。 天相投顾最新公布的数据显示，截至2025年12月31日，过去三年，超百只主动权益基金实现了100%以上的收益率。其中，东吴新趋势价值线、华夏北交所 创新中小企业精选、德邦鑫星价值、景顺长城稳健回报等重仓科技主线的基金成为"领跑者"。 若将时间拉长至五年乃至十年，不乏"十年五倍"的长期优胜者，如华商优势行业、华商新趋势优选。但长期业绩优秀与三年期业绩翻倍的归因呈现鲜明分 野，前者更依赖基金经理的深度选股能力。 "含科量"成三年期业绩胜负手 根据天相投顾最新发布的《三年期基金业绩榜单》，2023年1月1日—2025年12月31日，三年期收益率达到100%以上的主动权益基金（不包括QDII）共有135 只（不同份额分开计算），包括70只偏股混合基金、40只灵活配置混合基金和25只积极投资股票基金。 值得一提的是，在这135只主动权益基金中，有9只基金的三年期收益率超过200%，多为"含科量"较高的基金。 其中，东吴新趋势价值线、华夏北交所创新中小企业精选、东 ...

Group 1 - The annual report of public funds for 2025 shows significant performance, with the top fund, Yongying Technology Smart A, achieving a return of 233.29% and a scale of 11.52 billion [1][9] - The second and third positions are held by Zhonghang Opportunity Leading A with a return of 168.92% and Hongtu Innovation Emerging Industry A with a return of 148.64%, with scales of 13.23 billion and 14.86 billion respectively [1][9] - The total scale of public funds reached 35.89 trillion, an increase of 3.65 trillion from the beginning of the year, with a total of 13,610 funds [5][13] Group 2 - Looking ahead to 2026, the core theme of market opportunities is expected to be driven by AI-induced industrial transformation, with a focus on fundamental verification rather than liquidity-driven optimism [2][10] - The cloud computing sector is anticipated to see sustained growth in demand due to the acceleration of AI applications, alongside stable competition in core areas like optical communication and PCB [2][10] - The investment focus is shifting from AI hardware to application sectors, particularly in smart driving, AI hardware (such as AI phones and AR glasses), and humanoid robots [3][11] Group 3 - The performance of funds over the past three years shows Dongwu New Trend Value Line leading with a cumulative return of 273.85%, followed by Dongwu Mobile Internet A at 262.23% and Huaxia North Exchange Innovation Small and Medium Enterprises Selection at 260.42% [3][11] - The bottom performers include Huafu Medical Innovation A with a return of -26.15% and CITIC Construction Low Carbon Growth A with a return of -51.87% over three years [4][12] - The public fund market has experienced sharp performance differentiation amid macro narrative changes, highlighting the potential for high-quality growth in the coming years [8][15]

Core Insights - The A-share market experienced a comprehensive upward trend in 2025, with significant recovery in market sentiment [1] - As of December 25, nearly 4,700 active equity funds were analyzed, with only 194 showing negative returns this year, while over 4,500 achieved positive returns [1][5] - A total of 83 funds reported annual returns exceeding 100%, with the top ten funds all surpassing 144% [1] - The top twenty funds over a three-year period had returns exceeding 160%, with an average return of 193% [1][5] - The worst-performing twenty funds averaged a loss of nearly 41% over the same period, highlighting a stark contrast with top performers [1][6] Fund Performance - The fund with the worst performance, Jin Ying Multi-Strategy A, recorded a loss of 47.72%, followed closely by CITIC Construction Investment Smart IoT A and Tianzhi New Consumption, both exceeding 47% losses [2][6] - Despite the overall market uptrend, ten funds still reported negative returns this year, with CITIC Construction Investment Smart Life A down 17.05% and Shenyin Wanguo Medical Pioneer A down 13.82% [7] - The underperforming funds primarily consisted of flexible allocation and equity mixed funds, many of which were themed around popular sectors like technology and new energy [7] Management and Size Analysis - CITIC Construction Investment Fund was notably affected, with four of its products appearing in the bottom twenty, managed by Zhou Ziguang, whose funds underperformed their benchmarks by over 54% [7] - Tianzhi Fund also had three products in the bottom list, with two managed by Li Shen, showing significant underperformance against benchmarks [7] - Most underperforming funds were categorized as "mini funds," with 15 having assets under 200 million yuan, and Tianzhi Transformation Upgrade nearing liquidation with only 0.03 billion yuan [3][7] Investment Style and Future Outlook - Some funds failed to manage drawdowns effectively during adjustments in sectors like new energy and healthcare, exemplified by Shenyin Wanguo Medical Biology A, which lost 38.73% over three years [8] - The future of the industry is expected to trend towards more refined and transparent fund assessment systems, with a focus on long-term performance metrics [8] - This shift aims to promote rational investment behavior and encourage fund managers to focus on long-term industry trends and corporate value, fostering sustainable benefits for investors [8]

专题：2025基金行业年终大盘点：公募规模近36万亿元，主动权益重夺主场，"冠军基"揭榜倒计时 | 数据来源：Wind 截止 | | --- | 至20251225 若将考察周期拉长至三年，头部基金的业绩表现更为亮眼。排名前二十的基金近三年回报均超过 160%，平均回报达193%。东吴新趋势价值线以279.67%的三年回报位列第一，华夏北交所创新中小企 业精选两年定开以272.71%紧随其后，东吴移动互联A则以269.41%位居第三。 2025年，A股市场迎来全面上涨行情，市场情绪显著复苏。 Wind数据显示，截至12月25日，今年以来全市场近4700只主动权益类基金中，仅194只年内收益为负， 超过4500只实现正收益。其中，83只基金年内回报突破100%，前十名基金回报均超144%，永赢科技智 选A以237.66%的年内回报暂居榜首。 从基金类型与策略特征分析，灵活配置型基金展现出明显的适应优势。在TOP20榜单中，10只灵活配置 型基金近三年平均回报达208%，高于8只偏股混合型基金的183%和2只普通股票型基金的161%。 基金经理层面，东吴基金刘元海表现尤为突出，其管理的三只基金均进入榜单，平均三年 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the significant changes in the fund management industry, particularly focusing on the impact of new regulations that tie fund managers' compensation to their performance, aiming to align their interests with those of investors [4][30]. Market Dynamics - The A-share market is experiencing a split, with technology stocks like AI and semiconductors performing well, while traditional sectors such as liquor and banking are struggling [5][8]. - Fund managers are increasingly adopting a "herd mentality," gravitating towards high-performing sectors to mitigate risks associated with underperformance [9][16]. Regulatory Changes - New regulations state that if active equity fund managers underperform their benchmarks by over 10% for three years and the fund is unprofitable, their performance pay must be reduced by at least 30% [19][30]. - As of December 7, only 42% of funds have outperformed their benchmarks over the past three years, indicating that nearly 60% of active equity products are underperforming [21][24]. Performance Metrics - Among the underperforming funds, 1,444 funds have lagged their benchmarks by over 10%, with 400 funds underperforming by more than 30% [24][25]. - The article highlights specific funds, such as the Jin Ying Multi-Strategy Mixed A, which has a net value growth rate of -53.54% compared to a benchmark return of 19.49%, resulting in a significant underperformance of 73.03% [25]. Compensation Structure - The new rules aim to create a long-term incentive and constraint mechanism, with at least 80% of performance indicators based on long-term returns [30]. - Sales executives are also affected, with at least 50% of their performance metrics tied to investor profit and loss [31]. Industry Transformation - The article suggests that the narrative of "fund companies making money while investors lose" may change due to these regulatory reforms, which are designed to promote a focus on sustainable profitability rather than short-term gains [35].

Core Insights - The recent performance of active equity funds has been under scrutiny, with over 38% of these funds still in losses over the past five years despite a significant number achieving positive returns since 2025 [1][2][3] - Key factors contributing to the underperformance include high-level accumulation, frequent trading, and reliance on specific sectors, which have eroded fund values [1][5][7] Performance Overview - As of November 10, 2025, the Shanghai Composite Index has risen by 19.42%, while 97.45% of active equity funds reported positive returns [2][3] - However, 1019 active equity funds remain in losses, with 38% of the total, indicating a stark contrast in performance for investors who entered the market earlier [1][2] Fund Performance Analysis - Among the 2695 active equity funds with over five years of existence, 1676 have achieved positive returns, with six funds reporting over 200% returns [3] - Conversely, nearly 40% of active equity funds have not turned a profit in five years, with some funds experiencing maximum drawdowns starting in 2021 [3][4] Underperforming Funds - Notable underperformers include funds managed by well-known managers, with losses exceeding 30% over five years [4] - Specific funds like Tianzhi New Consumption and Fangzheng Fubang Innovation Power have reported losses of -65.25% and -62.32%, respectively [3][4] Trading Behavior - High average stock positions during market peaks have been linked to poor long-term performance, with funds showing an average stock position of 84.22% during critical periods [5][6] - Frequent trading has also negatively impacted fund performance, with an average turnover rate of 460.71% across all active equity funds, rising to 508.45% for those with over 30% losses [7][8] Sector Reliance - Many funds have shown over-reliance on traditional sectors, leading to underperformance despite being labeled as "new" or "growth" funds [8][9] - Funds like Tianzhi New Consumption and Invesco Great Wall New Growth have shifted their holdings but still struggle to achieve positive returns [8][9] Market Outlook - The active equity fund market is seeing a resurgence, with 1354 new funds launched in 2025, indicating renewed investor interest [11] - Fund managers are advised to focus on sectors with long-term growth potential, such as high-end manufacturing and new consumption, while being cautious of market volatility [12]

Core Insights - The article highlights the performance of active equity funds in the context of the Shanghai Composite Index surpassing 4000 points for the first time in a decade, revealing that over 97% of these funds achieved positive returns since 2025, yet 38% remain in losses over the past five years [1][2][3] - Key reasons for the underperformance of many active funds include high-level accumulation, frequent trading, and reliance on specific sectors, which have eroded fund values [1][5][6] Performance Overview - As of November 10, the Shanghai Composite Index closed at 4018 points, marking a significant recovery, with major indices like the Shenzhen Composite and ChiNext Index showing gains of 27.6% and 46.35% respectively since 2025 [2] - Despite a high percentage of active equity funds showing positive returns in 2023, the long-term performance reveals a stark contrast, with many investors experiencing losses since entering the market around the end of 2020 [2][3] Fund Performance Analysis - Among the 2695 active equity funds with over five years of existence, 1676 have achieved positive returns, while nearly 40% remain unprofitable, with some funds experiencing drawdowns exceeding 50% [3][4] - Notable underperformers include funds managed by well-known managers, indicating that even established names are not immune to market challenges [4] Causes of Underperformance - High-level accumulation during market peaks has been identified as a significant factor contributing to the long-term underperformance of active equity funds [5][6] - Frequent trading has also negatively impacted fund performance, with average turnover rates for underperforming funds significantly higher than the market average [7][8] Market Trends and Future Outlook - The article notes a shift in investor sentiment towards active management products, with a notable increase in the number of newly established funds and a doubling of issuance scale compared to the previous year [11] - Fund managers are advised to focus on sectors with long-term growth potential, such as high-end manufacturing and new consumption, while being cautious of over-reliance on specific themes or sectors [12]

Core Viewpoint - The new regulations on performance benchmarks for public funds in China aim to enhance the accountability of fund managers by linking their compensation to the performance benchmarks, promoting a return to the fundamental purpose of asset management, which is to provide stable long-term returns for investors [1][9]. Group 1: Regulatory Changes - The China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) released an action plan in May to promote high-quality development in the public fund industry, emphasizing the importance of performance benchmarks [1]. - A draft of new regulations regarding performance benchmarks was published on October 31, which is expected to improve the discipline of active investment and stabilize investment styles [1][9]. - The introduction of a performance benchmark element library aims to standardize the selection of benchmarks and prevent arbitrary changes, enhancing the comparability and normativity of benchmarks [9][8]. Group 2: Fund Performance Analysis - As of November 4, 2023, 3731 active equity funds were analyzed, with an average return that lagged behind their benchmarks by 7.26%, and only 34% of these funds outperformed their benchmarks over the past three years [2]. - Among the top-performing funds, only 20 funds achieved over 100% excess returns, indicating that achieving superior performance under the new standards is challenging [2]. - Some high-performing funds may have misleadingly high returns due to benchmark mismatches, highlighting the importance of appropriate benchmark selection [2][3]. Group 3: Size and Performance Correlation - Larger active equity funds do not necessarily correlate with superior excess returns; only 40% of funds over 10 billion yuan in size outperformed their benchmarks [5]. - Smaller funds, with an average size of 30.57 million yuan, showed better excess return capabilities, supporting the notion that smaller funds can adapt more flexibly to market changes [6][5]. Group 4: Fund Manager Impact - The total management scale of fund managers influences their active management capabilities, with a significant number of successful funds managed by managers overseeing over 10 billion yuan [7]. - The average tenure of fund managers does not significantly correlate with their ability to generate excess returns, indicating that experience alone may not guarantee performance [7]. Group 5: Industry Evolution - The new regulations are expected to lead to a systematic restructuring of the public fund industry, with a one-year transition period for existing products to adjust their benchmarks [9][10]. - The emphasis on long-term performance and the establishment of a benchmark-linked compensation system for fund managers will promote more transparent and standardized investment behaviors [9][10].

Core Insights - The article discusses the performance of actively managed equity funds by various fund companies in China over different time frames, highlighting the top performers and their strategies in navigating market fluctuations [2][3]. Long-term Performance (Last 10 Years) - From October 1, 2015, to September 30, 2025, the top three fund companies in absolute returns are: - Caitong Fund with a return of 318.00% [5][6] - Wanji Fund with a return of 272.77% [7] - Yinhua Fund with a return of 240.05% [7] - The average return for equity funds over the last ten years was 318.00%, with larger fund companies outperforming smaller ones [7][12]. Medium-term Performance (Last 5 Years) - From October 1, 2020, to September 30, 2025, Dongwu Fund led with an average return of 161.33% [15][19]. - Other notable performers include Jinyuan Shun'an Fund with 126.99% and Huashang Fund with 120.39% [16][19]. - The average returns for large, medium, and small fund companies were 17.42%, 41.11%, and 27.31%, respectively [20]. Short-term Performance (Last 3 Years) - From October 1, 2022, to September 30, 2025, Dongwu Fund again topped the list with an average return of 121.85% [23][25]. - Huayuan Yuanda and Debang followed with returns of 119.57% and 85.28% [23][25]. - The average returns for large, medium, and small fund companies during this period were 19.08%, 27.20%, and 21.32%, respectively [27]. Recent Performance (First Three Quarters of 2025) - In the first three quarters of 2025, the best-performing fund company was Kaishi Fund with a return of 106.42% [29][30]. - Other strong performers included Zhonghang, Dongwu, and Hongtu Innovation, all exceeding 60% returns [29][30].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the news is the introduction of a new policy by the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) aimed at enhancing the long-term performance of public fund managers by linking their compensation to the performance of their funds relative to benchmarks [2][3] - The policy targets fund managers whose products have underperformed their benchmarks by more than 10 percentage points over three years, leading to a significant reduction in their performance-based compensation [2][3] - The initiative is expected to align the interests of fund managers with those of investors, encouraging a shift away from short-term speculation towards a focus on long-term investment capabilities [2][3] Group 2 - As of May 21, 2023, there are 5,898 public funds managed by fund managers with over three years of experience, with 1,341 funds underperforming their benchmarks by over 10 percentage points [3][4] - Among these, 31 funds have underperformed their benchmarks by more than 50 percentage points, including notable funds managed by well-known managers such as Zheng Chengran from GF Fund and Yao Zhipeng from Harvest Fund [3][4][5] - The worst-performing fund, Morgan Small Cap A, managed by Guo Chen, has a cumulative return of -23.03% over three years, underperforming its benchmark by 127.69 percentage points [4][5] Group 3 - Conversely, there are 543 funds that have outperformed their benchmarks by over 10 percentage points, with 33 funds exceeding their benchmarks by more than 50 percentage points [7][9] - The top-performing fund, Huaxia North Exchange Innovation Small and Medium Enterprises Selected Fund, managed by Gu Xin Feng, achieved a cumulative return of 194.13%, surpassing its benchmark by 175.89 percentage points [9][10] - The North Exchange theme funds have emerged as a significant area for excess returns, with several funds exceeding their benchmarks by over 60 percentage points [10] Group 4 - In response to the new policy, many fund companies are adjusting their performance benchmarks to better reflect the risk-return characteristics of their funds [11][12] - Recent adjustments include changes to benchmarks for various funds, such as the adjustment of the performance benchmark for the浦银安盛稳健增利债券 from "CSI All Bond Index" to a more complex composite benchmark [11][12] - The trend of benchmark adjustments is expected to continue as fund companies seek to align their performance metrics with regulatory expectations and improve their competitive positioning [13][14]