长征一号运载火箭、东风二号导弹、神舟五号飞船1:1模型……走进哈尔滨工业大学航天馆，仿佛置身于中国航天事业的时光长廊。 在这里，从开启中国航天新纪元的"东方红一号"卫星，到我国第一颗返回式卫星"尖兵一号"返回舱，每一个展品背后都凝结着无数中国航天人的 心血与智慧。 记者：何山、杨思琪 摄制：由培远 新华社音视频部制作 [ 责编：徐皓 ] 始建于1986年的哈工大航天馆是全国高校规模最大、展品最丰富的航天主题展馆。 这里还有来自月球和火星的"信使"：嫦娥五号、六号月壤采样任务钻采子系统和火星探测器"天问一号"上的形状记忆聚合物复合材料智能结构， 代表着中国航天在深空探测领域的尖端技术，承载着中国航天人勇攀高峰、敢为人先的精神。 在"哈工大与中国航天"展厅科研成果展区，哈工大服务航天强国建设的诸多标志性成果，是哈工大与中国航天事业同频共振、同向同行的生动注 脚。 ...

新华社北京10月9日电 题：感受科技魅力 激发科学梦想——高校科技展馆激励青年学子传承科学精神 新华社记者许祖华、杨思琪 中心的室外展场为"三航"整机展区，展示代表性"三航"装备；室内展馆规划建设航空、航天、航海主题 展馆和发动机、无人机专题展馆等。 目前室外展场已完成一期建设，展出运-20、轰-6、歼轰-7和"东风二号"导弹等。室内展馆中国航空史临 展厅、艺术厅已建成，其他专题展馆正在建设中。 走进哈尔滨工业大学航天馆，仿佛置身于中国航天事业的时光长廊。 始建于1986年的哈工大航天馆是全国高校规模最大、展品最丰富的航天主题展馆。展区分为"中国航天 事业发展""哈工大与中国航天"等四个主题展厅和"导弹""发动机"两个专题展厅，通过数百件珍贵的航 天实物和模型，全方位展现了中国航天从无到有、从弱到强的跨越式发展历程。 在这里，从见证我国导弹技术发展重要里程碑的"东风二号"导弹实物，到开启中国航天新纪元的"东方 红一号"卫星，再到我国第一颗返回式卫星"尖兵一号"返回舱，每一个展品背后都凝结着无数中国航天 人的心血与智慧。 这里还有来自月球和火星的"信使"：嫦娥五号、六号月壤采样任务钻采子系统和火星探测器"天问一 ...

10月6日，在中华民族传统佳节中秋节之际，国家航天局和国家原子能机构联合发布嫦娥六号月球背面样品研究最新 成果。中国科学家首次基于嫦娥六号月球背面样品研究发现，月球背面月幔相比月球正面更"冷"，这一发现进一步 深化了人类对月球"二分性"现象的认识，为月球正面与月球背面的月幔温度差异提供了岩石学与地球化学等科学依 据，为月球演化和"二分性"特征研究提供了关键科学数据。 该研究结果由中核集团核工业北京地质研究院、北京大学、山东大学合作完成，已刊发于国际顶级学术期刊《自然· 地球科学》（Nature Geoscience）官网。 月球就像一本记录太阳系历史的书籍，而月幔是这本书中的"核心章节"。月幔位于月壳之下，是月球体积最大的组 成部分，月球古老的火山活动正是由月幔物质上涌形成的。因此，月幔等月球内部特征对于月球演化研究至关重 要。 在研究中，科学家利用可"侦探"的多种手段，对我国嫦娥六号从月球背面带回的玄武岩样品进行了精细分析。这些 样本的化学成分如同一个"黑匣子"，记录了其形成时的深部温度压力等信息。科学家通过对月壤玄武岩样品中典型 单斜辉石、斜长石等矿物的成分分析，运用"单斜辉石单矿物温压计""单斜辉石-熔 ...

Core Insights - The research challenges the long-held belief that the Moon became "dormant" 3 billion years ago, revealing that volcanic activity persisted during its "late period" [1][2] - A new thermodynamic mechanism is proposed, indicating that magma was trapped in the upper mantle, leading to volcanic eruptions due to heat transfer [2][3] Group 1: Research Findings - The Chang'e 5 and Chang'e 6 missions returned basalt samples dated at 2.0 billion and 2.8 billion years, respectively, confirming ongoing volcanic activity [1] - Two distinct types of basalt were identified from the Chang'e 6 samples, originating from different depths in the Moon's mantle: ultra-low-titanium basalt from over 120 km deep and low-titanium basalt from 60-80 km deep [1][2] - The study revealed that the volcanic activity's heat source transitioned around 3 billion years ago, shifting from a complex array of sources to a dominant upward heat transfer mechanism [2] Group 2: Implications - The findings provide new insights into the thermal evolution history of the Moon and may serve as a reference for understanding volcanic activity mechanisms on other small, airless celestial bodies [3]

Core Viewpoint - Recent research indicates that the Moon, previously thought to be "dormant" for 3 billion years, has experienced volcanic activity during this period, challenging existing beliefs about lunar evolution [2][3]. Group 1: Research Findings - The Chang'e 5 and Chang'e 6 missions returned basalt samples that are 2 billion and 2.8 billion years old, respectively, confirming volcanic eruptions occurred during the Moon's "dormant" phase [2]. - A systematic study of the Chang'e 6 samples revealed two types of basalt formed around 2.8 and 2.9 billion years ago, with distinct compositions and depths of origin [3]. - The study identified "ultra-low titanium basalt" from deep within the lunar mantle (over 120 kilometers) and "low titanium basalt" from shallower depths (60 to 80 kilometers) [3]. Group 2: Mechanisms of Volcanic Activity - Traditional theories suggested that late lunar volcanic activity was linked to water-rich or radioactive heat sources, but the samples from Chang'e missions disproved this, showing dry and lacking radioactive elements [3]. - A new thermal dynamic mechanism was proposed, indicating that as the Moon cooled, magma became trapped in the shallow mantle, leading to partial melting and subsequent volcanic eruptions [3]. Group 3: Implications and Future Research - Analysis of global lunar remote sensing data revealed a significant change in volcanic heat dynamics around 3 billion years ago, shifting from diverse heat sources to a dominant upward heat transfer mechanism [4]. - The chemical characteristics of late volcanic rocks on the Moon's near side are similar to those of the Chang'e 5 basalt, while the far side is more akin to the ultra-low titanium basalt from Chang'e 6, suggesting compositional differences in the lunar mantle [4]. - This research not only enhances understanding of the Moon's thermal evolution history but also provides insights into volcanic activity mechanisms on other small, airless celestial bodies [4].

Core Insights - The research indicates that the Moon, previously thought to be "dormant" for 3 billion years, has experienced volcanic activity during this period, as evidenced by samples returned from the Chang'e 5 and Chang'e 6 missions [1][3][4] - The study reveals that the Moon's interior still retains some heat, challenging previous assumptions about its thermal evolution [1][4] Group 1: Research Findings - The Chang'e 6 mission identified two types of basalt formed around 2.8 and 2.9 billion years ago, with distinct compositions and depths of origin: "ultra-low titanium basalt" from over 120 kilometers deep and "low titanium basalt" from 60 to 80 kilometers [3][4] - Traditional theories suggesting that late volcanic activity was linked to water-rich or radioactive heat sources have been disproven; the samples indicate that the source regions are "dry" and lack radioactive heat elements [3][4] - A new thermal dynamic mechanism is proposed, where magma is trapped in the shallow mantle due to the thickening lithosphere, leading to partial melting and subsequent volcanic eruptions [3][4] Group 2: Implications and Future Research - Analysis of lunar remote sensing data shows a significant change in volcanic heat dynamics around 3 billion years ago, shifting from a complex heat source to a dominant upward heat transfer mechanism [4] - The chemical characteristics of late volcanic rocks on the Moon's near side are similar to those of the Chang'e 5 basalt, while the far side is more akin to the ultra-low titanium basalt from Chang'e 6, suggesting compositional differences in the lunar mantle [4] - This research not only enhances understanding of the Moon's thermal evolution but also provides insights into volcanic activity mechanisms on other small, airless celestial bodies [4]

Group 1 - The core theme of the article revolves around the recognition of individuals who have made significant contributions to society, particularly in the fields of science and military service, as highlighted in the "Touching China 2024 Annual Person Award Ceremony" [1][44] - Scientist Luan Enjie, a key figure in China's lunar exploration program, is honored for his dedication and contributions to space exploration, emphasizing that the mission to the moon is a national endeavor rather than a personal one [1][15] - The article also pays tribute to veteran Li Dengyue, who participated in the anti-Japanese war and has dedicated his life to serving the country, showcasing the spirit of sacrifice and patriotism [1][29] Group 2 - Luan Enjie, who initially studied electrical engineering, became involved in the aerospace industry due to national defense needs, leading to his pivotal role in China's space missions [3][6] - The successful launch of the Chang'e 1 satellite in 2007 marked the beginning of China's lunar exploration efforts, with Luan Enjie serving as a consultant for major projects in manned spaceflight and lunar exploration [8][10] - The Chang'e 5 mission in 2020 successfully returned with 1,731 grams of lunar samples, establishing China as a leader in lunar exploration technology [12][13] Group 3 - Li Dengyue's decision to join the army was influenced by the atrocities committed by Japanese forces during World War II, demonstrating the impact of personal experiences on his commitment to national defense [19][25] - His experiences during the Korean War further shaped his character, as he witnessed the harsh realities of war and the sacrifices made by fellow soldiers [25][27] - The article highlights the enduring legacy of the Liu Laozhuang Company, a heroic unit formed during the anti-Japanese war, which continues to inspire new generations of soldiers [37][42] Group 4 - The story of Fan Zhenxi illustrates the transformation of a struggling village into a prosperous community through his leadership and dedication to rural revitalization, emphasizing the importance of trust and responsibility in community development [32][36] - Fan Zhenxi's personal battle with leukemia while working for the betterment of his village showcases resilience and commitment to public service [34][36] - The article concludes with a tribute to the Liu Laozhuang Company, commemorating their sacrifices during the anti-Japanese war and their ongoing legacy of bravery and dedication [39][42]

Core Points - The exhibition "Endless Exploration: China's Aerospace, Aviation, and Navigation" was jointly organized by the China National Space Administration and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region government, showcasing China's latest achievements in these fields [1][2] - This is the first time the China National Space Administration has held an exhibition abroad that covers aerospace, aviation, and navigation [1] - Highlighted exhibits include lunar samples from the Chang'e 5 and Chang'e 6 missions, models of the J-20, Y-20, Z-20 aircraft, and naval vessels such as the Shandong aircraft carrier and the large LNG transport ship [1] Industry Insights - The exhibition also features Hong Kong's achievements in aerospace and navigation, emphasizing collaboration with the mainland [2] - A series of popular science lectures by experts in aerospace, aviation, and navigation will be conducted during the exhibition [2] - The exhibition is set to run until September 7 [2]

Core Insights - The article discusses the recent findings from China's Chang'e 6 mission, which successfully returned lunar samples from the Moon's far side, specifically the South Pole-Aitken Basin, revealing significant insights into the Moon's geological history and evolution [1][2][3]. Group 1: Research Findings - Four key research outcomes were published in the journal Nature, focusing on lunar magma activity, ancient magnetic fields, water content in the mantle, and mantle evolution characteristics [2][4]. - The samples returned by Chang'e 6, weighing 1935.3 grams, provided unique information about the Moon's early internal structure and the differences between the near and far sides of the Moon [3][4]. - The initial materials forming the basaltic rocks were found to be extremely "depleted," offering insights into the Moon's cooling and evolution processes [4][9]. Group 2: Mission Background and Execution - Prior to the launch of Chang'e 6, research plans were established, and a dedicated team was formed to analyze the samples upon their return [5][6]. - The Chang'e 6 mission was noted for its successful sampling from a previously unreachable area of the Moon, which was highly praised by international scientists [3][6]. - The research teams completed multiple studies on the samples, including age dating, petrology, geochemistry, and water content analysis, leading to the submission of six research papers [6][9]. Group 3: Future Prospects - Future missions, including Chang'e 7 and Chang'e 8, are planned to further explore the Moon's South Pole and test in-situ resource utilization technologies, laying the groundwork for a lunar research station [9].

Core Insights - The research conducted on lunar samples returned by the Chang'e 6 mission has unveiled significant findings about the Moon's far side, challenging existing theories and enhancing understanding of its geological history [1][2][5] Group 1: Research Findings - The Chang'e 6 mission has revealed two distinct periods of basaltic volcanic activity on the Moon's far side, approximately 4.2 billion and 2.8 billion years ago, indicating sustained volcanic activity [2] - Ancient magnetic field data from the far side suggests that the Moon's magnetic field may have strengthened around 2.8 billion years ago, contradicting previous beliefs of a continuous decline [2][4] - Water content in the lunar mantle sourced from the far side is significantly lower than that of the near side, with measurements showing only 1 to 1.5 micrograms per gram, the lowest reported value [3][4] Group 2: Implications for Lunar Science - The discovery of extremely depleted source regions for basalt on the far side provides critical evidence for understanding the Moon's internal structure and evolution [4] - The findings from the Chang'e 6 samples are prompting a reevaluation of long-standing hypotheses in lunar science, marking a shift in the field towards new interpretations of the Moon's geological history [5] - The successful integration of scientific research and engineering in China's lunar exploration efforts is positioning the country to lead in planetary science [5]