"扬麦53"的成功培育，离不开高德荣团队的攻坚。出生于江苏兴化农村的高德荣，少年时看着父辈辛勤 劳作却难获丰收，便暗下决心学农育好种。2012年小麦赤霉病大暴发的场景，让他至今难忘："试验田 外，大片麦田穗部发红腐烂，农民蹲在田埂上抹眼泪，那种无助的眼神，让我更加坚定了攻克赤霉病的 决心。" "这里本是弱筋小麦优势区，蛋白质合成和积累先天不足，要培育中强筋品种，就得靠技术创新'另辟蹊 径'。"高德荣说，"扬麦53"从亲本组配开始，选育历时15年，若追溯其亲本"扬麦17"的培育历程，更是 跨越30余载。种业振兴行动实施的这5年，也是"扬麦53"品种攻关的关键期。团队摒弃传统经验育种模 式，应用分子标记辅助育种技术，用"精准育种"破解"抗病与丰产、优质难兼顾"的困境。 在国家小麦育种联合攻关试验中，"扬麦53"连续4年赤霉病抗性达R级，参加生产试验平均每亩比对照 增产10.13%，用实打实的表现证明了抗逆与丰产可以"并行"。 "扬麦53"的选育推广，是我国小麦新品种创新成果的一个生动缩影。近年育成的"郑麦1860""中麦 6032""济麦5198""马兰1号"等小麦新品种单产高，正在加快推广；节水品种"衡麦29" ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the impact of late autumn sowing in Henan Province on wheat production, emphasizing that timely management and the use of quality seeds can mitigate potential yield losses due to delayed planting [1][2][3] Group 1: Agricultural Practices - The Zhoukou National Agricultural High-tech Zone has implemented soil preparation techniques, achieving a deep plowing rate of over 80%, which enhances soil conditions for wheat planting [1] - Farmers are adopting high-quality wheat varieties such as Zhoumai 36 and Zhengmai 1860, which are suitable for late sowing due to their short growth periods and strong resistance [2] - The local agricultural departments are promoting increased seed density from 30-35 pounds per acre to 40-45 pounds to compensate for late sowing [2] Group 2: Management Strategies - The agricultural authorities in Henan are focusing on proactive management practices to ensure that late sowing does not lead to reduced yields, emphasizing the importance of timely and effective crop management [3] - Specific technical guidance has been issued to farmers, including the use of organic fertilizers and timely application of foliar fertilizers to support wheat growth [2][3] - As of November 18, the area sown with wheat in Henan reached 81.16 million acres, with efforts to maintain the sowing area above 85 million acres to secure summer grain production [3]

Core Insights - The article highlights the dedication of Xu Weigang, a prominent wheat breeding expert, to modern agricultural development and the significance of wheat in ensuring national food security and improving farmers' livelihoods [5][10]. Group 1: Xu Weigang's Contributions - Xu Weigang has developed over 20 wheat varieties, including the notable "Zhengmai 9023," which has significantly contributed to China's wheat production and quality [4][11]. - His work has led to breakthroughs in wheat breeding, addressing challenges such as disease resistance and quality improvement, which are crucial for meeting both domestic and international market demands [10][11]. - The "Zhengmai 1860" variety, introduced in 2019, showcases advancements in yield and resource efficiency, further solidifying Xu's role in enhancing agricultural productivity [14]. Group 2: Agricultural Strategy and Innovation - Xu emphasizes the need for a strategic approach to wheat production, advocating for coordinated efforts in research and innovation to keep pace with global agricultural advancements [7][10]. - He raises critical questions regarding the future of wheat breeding in China, suggesting that the focus should not only be on quality for baked goods but also on meeting the specific needs of traditional Chinese food products [7][10]. - The article discusses the shift in national agricultural policy towards quality improvement and innovation, aligning with Xu's vision for sustainable agricultural practices [13][15]. Group 3: Personal Philosophy and Leadership - Xu Weigang's philosophy centers on being a "scientist for the people," reflecting his commitment to addressing the needs of farmers and contributing to societal welfare through agricultural research [8][10]. - He advocates for building a strong research team, emphasizing the importance of talent, scientific integrity, and dedication to societal contributions in the field of agricultural science [16][17]. - The article illustrates Xu's hands-on approach to research, with extensive fieldwork and direct engagement with farmers, which enhances the practical application of his scientific endeavors [18][20].

Core Insights - The article highlights the challenges and strategies employed by farmers in Shaanxi Province, China, to adapt to adverse weather conditions affecting wheat planting this season [4]. Group 1: Farming Practices - Farmers are utilizing a method called "based on soil moisture to determine sowing time," which requires careful management and scheduling of agricultural activities [1]. - The use of advanced machinery, including nine tractors and drones, has been implemented to enhance efficiency in planting operations [1]. - The planting depth has been adjusted to 2-3 cm, which is shallower than previous years, to promote quicker seedling emergence [3]. Group 2: Crop Management - The planting area for wheat has increased significantly, with sowing rates rising from 25-30 pounds per acre to 40 pounds per acre [1]. - Farmers are applying additional fertilizers, including phosphorus and boron, to improve root development and crop resilience [1]. - The introduction of new wheat varieties, such as 'Zhengmai 1860', is aimed at compensating for late sowing and ensuring robust seedling growth [3]. Group 3: Technical Guidance - The "Five Supplements and One Promotion" technical guidelines have been established to address the challenges posed by excessive rainfall, focusing on strategies like increasing seed density and fertilizer application [4]. - Agricultural experts are actively involved in advising farmers on optimal sowing practices, emphasizing the importance of soil moisture and depth during planting [3][4]. - As of November 10, 2023, approximately 10.96 million acres of wheat have been planted in Shaanxi, achieving 77.45% of the planned area [4].

Core Insights - The article emphasizes the importance of the fourth quarter as a critical period for completing annual goals and laying the groundwork for the next year, focusing on project construction, industrial upgrading, and technological innovation [2] Group 1: Agricultural Innovation - The "Zhoumai 36" wheat variety, developed by the Zhoukou Agricultural Academy, has achieved a record yield of 1601.5 jin per mu, showcasing the potential of modern agricultural practices [3] - The agricultural innovation center is promoting new microbial agents that enhance wheat disease resistance and growth while reducing chemical fertilizer usage, thereby improving yield and quality [3] - The agricultural high-tech zone has established 46 provincial-level research platforms in collaboration with various agricultural institutions, facilitating significant technological advancements [3] Group 2: Smart Agriculture - The development of smart agriculture is crucial for managing risks such as pests, climate change, and poor management practices, with real-time data on soil and climate being displayed at the smart agriculture information center [4] - A major project is underway to optimize the smart agriculture information platform and establish a 20,000 mu digital planting base, aiming to create a model for smart agriculture [4] Group 3: Value Addition in Food Processing - The food industry park within the agricultural high-tech zone is enhancing the value of wheat through automated processing, significantly increasing its market value [5] - The zone is transitioning from basic wheat products to higher-end offerings such as baked goods and bio-products, indicating a strategic shift towards high-value agricultural development [5] - The agricultural high-tech zone aims to lead national agricultural modernization by focusing on high standards, innovation, and quality in production [5]

Core Points - The 2025 Central Plains Agricultural Conference opened in Zhengzhou, Henan Province, focusing on the theme "A Seed Promotes Revitalization, Central Plains Agricultural Valley Reaches New Heights" [2][8] - The conference aims to gather experts and stakeholders in the seed industry to discuss the entire seed industry chain, share innovative results, and promote collaboration for agricultural revitalization and food security [10][11][12] Group 1: Conference Overview - The conference is organized by the Henan Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the Central Plains Agricultural Valley Management Committee, with participation from various agricultural institutions and experts [8][9] - It features a format of "1+5+2+2," including one opening ceremony, five parallel forums, two special events, and two major sub-forums [22][23] - Major information releases during the opening ceremony include the new three-year action plan for the Central Plains Agricultural Valley and significant innovations in the seed industry [24][26] Group 2: Achievements and Goals - This year is critical for achieving the five-year effectiveness goal of the seed industry revitalization action plan [13] - Henan Province has made significant progress in seed variety selection, with 822 varieties approved nationally and 125 high-quality varieties rapidly promoted [16][17] - The province leads in the national promotion area for wheat, corn, and peanuts, with notable varieties achieving national recognition [18][19][20] Group 3: Future Directions - The conference serves as a strategic engine for Henan's agricultural development, aiming to enhance the seed industry chain and attract investment [34][36] - Various agreements and collaborations were signed during the conference to support the development of the Central Plains Agricultural Valley [35][36] - The event also included discussions on the application of artificial intelligence in agriculture and the establishment of research centers to boost innovation [25][26]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the challenges and strategies related to late sowing of winter wheat in Henan province, emphasizing the importance of adjusting sowing techniques to ensure optimal yield despite delayed planting due to weather conditions [2][4]. Group 1: Challenges of Late Sowing - Late sowing of winter wheat has resulted in concerns about reduced seedling numbers and overall yield, as the late planting affects the growth cycle and the ability of the plants to develop adequately before winter [2][4]. - The researcher highlights that late-sown wheat experiences fewer tillers, which are crucial for yield, and suggests that farmers need to compensate for this by increasing the sowing density [4]. Group 2: Strategies for Mitigation - Farmers are advised to increase the sowing amount by approximately 5-6 jin (about 3.125-3.75 kg) per mu (0.067 hectares) to counteract the effects of late sowing, aiming for a target of 30,000 seedlings per mu [2][3]. - The article outlines a specific strategy called "密补晚" (using density to compensate for late sowing), where the sowing amount is gradually increased as the planting date is delayed, with a maximum limit set to avoid weak seedlings [4]. Group 3: Technological Support and Practices - Continuous technological support is provided to farmers, with experts offering guidance throughout the planting season to ensure proper management practices are followed [3]. - The use of soil compaction techniques post-sowing is recommended to enhance seedling emergence and resilience against adverse weather conditions [3].

Core Insights - The agricultural resilience of Henan province is crucial for food security in China, especially given the challenges posed by extreme weather conditions [5][15] - The introduction of high-yield and drought-resistant crop varieties, such as Zhengmai 1860 and Qiuye 368, has significantly improved crop yields despite adverse weather [6][8] - Technological advancements in farming practices and machinery are enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of agricultural operations in Henan [10][13] Agricultural Resilience - Henan's agricultural sector faces severe challenges due to extreme weather, including droughts and floods, impacting food production [4][15] - The province has implemented strategies to enhance agricultural resilience, focusing on the development of drought-resistant and flood-resistant crop varieties [5][15] - The introduction of advanced breeding techniques has led to the creation of high-yield varieties that can withstand extreme weather conditions [6][7] Crop Varieties and Yields - Zhengmai 1860 has shown impressive yields, with an average of 766.4 kg per mu in demonstration fields, outperforming traditional varieties [6] - Other varieties like Qiuye 368 and MY73 have also demonstrated strong resistance to adverse weather, contributing to stable yields [7][8] - The promotion of these resilient crop varieties is accelerating the modernization of Henan's corn industry [8] Technological Innovations - The integration of smart irrigation systems and precision farming technologies is improving water management and crop monitoring [11][12] - The deployment of advanced machinery, such as tracked harvesters, has proven effective in adverse weather conditions, facilitating timely harvesting [13][14] - The establishment of a multi-layered technological support system is aiding farmers in adopting modern agricultural practices [10][11] Infrastructure and Support - Henan has invested in irrigation infrastructure, with over 56.94 billion cubic meters of water allocated for agricultural use [11] - The province has also enhanced its disaster response capabilities, with a focus on preemptive measures and improved water management systems [17] - Financial support for farmers has increased, with over 178.27 billion yuan in loans provided to support agricultural operations [18] Challenges and Future Directions - Despite advancements, there are still gaps in the availability of specialized crop varieties that can withstand extreme weather [15] - The integration of smallholder farmers into modern agricultural practices remains a challenge, as many still rely on traditional methods [16] - Ongoing efforts to strengthen the agricultural disaster response system and improve post-harvest infrastructure are essential for enhancing food security [18]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of seed innovation and agricultural modernization in Henan province, highlighting the development of drought-resistant and high-yield wheat varieties to ensure food security and enhance agricultural productivity [3][4][14]. Group 1: Seed Innovation and Agricultural Development - The seed industry is crucial for agricultural prosperity, with Henan's seed breeding efforts aligning with market demands, leading to a national leadership in new variety development [3][6]. - The "Luoan" series of drought-resistant wheat varieties have shown significant yield potential, with average yields exceeding 500 kg per mu in drought-prone areas [4][14]. - The "Zhengmai 1860" variety has been recognized for its high yield and stability, maintaining production levels even with a 20% reduction in fertilizer use, thus supporting green agricultural practices [5][6]. Group 2: Modern Breeding Techniques - The National Biological Breeding Industry Innovation Center is implementing advanced breeding technologies, including smart greenhouses that accelerate the breeding process by simulating optimal growth conditions [10][12]. - AI-driven technologies are being utilized to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of phenotypic data collection, allowing for better selection of breeding materials [11][12]. - The province has initiated a collaborative model for seed innovation, involving multiple enterprises and research teams to expedite the application of scientific advancements in agriculture [13][14]. Group 3: Impact on Food Security - Henan's crop variety coverage exceeds 97%, contributing over 45% to grain yield increases, underscoring the province's commitment to food security through seed innovation [14]. - The article highlights the strategic importance of maintaining control over key crop varieties to ensure sustainable agricultural development and food safety in China [14].

Core Insights - The article discusses the challenges of food production in the context of climate change and extreme weather, emphasizing the need for stable and abundant grain production to ensure food security for 1.4 billion people [1] Group 1: Wheat Production Techniques - The demonstration of the wheat variety Zhongmai 578 in Shangqiu, Henan, shows that it can achieve a yield of over 650 kilograms per mu despite prolonged drought conditions, with only one irrigation during the critical growth period [1] - Key agricultural techniques applied include appropriate sowing time, sowing volume, water and fertilizer management, and integrated pest and disease control, which have been effectively utilized in a demonstration area exceeding 500 mu [2] Group 2: Research and Development Initiatives - The Central Research Center's wheat quality molecular improvement team is focusing on high-quality wheat varieties like Zhongmai 578, Zhengmai 1860, and Zhengmai 136 to address the tight balance of national wheat supply [2] - A comprehensive technical promotion model is being implemented, which includes field classes and various forms of training to enhance wheat production management levels among local farmers, particularly in response to adverse weather conditions expected in 2025 [2] Group 3: Agricultural Promotion and Impact - In 2024, the Central Research Center plans to establish 20 core demonstration areas of over 100 mu and 40 demonstration bases across 13 counties in eight major cities of Henan Province, impacting over 4.8 million mu of wheat production [2] - The integration of good land, good seeds, good timing, and good methods is being promoted to enhance the agricultural technology promotion system and improve wheat yield across large areas [2]