▌周乾 著 我国古代把农历大年初一叫"元旦"。自清雍正朝起，皇帝会在每年元旦日举行"明窗开笔饮屠苏"的贺岁 仪式。"守岁"之后，新年第一天的子时，在爆竹声中，皇帝行完拈香礼，便会到养心殿前殿西次间，坐 在靠近窗户的紫檀长案前，亲自往金瓯永固杯中斟上屠苏酒，饮尽杯中酒后，开笔写下祝福新年的吉 语。 清帝饮屠苏酒还有多种讲究，例如在"明窗开笔"仪式上喝屠苏酒，必须要在新年的子时时分，寓意新 年、新月、新日、新时开始；饮酒时要面朝东方，寓意迎接新的朝阳。 大年初一，皇帝还要在太和殿举行"新年团拜会"，也就是"大朝"。皇家"团拜会"的流程是怎样的呢？ 当日天色将明时，王公百官便会在午门外集合，由礼部官员引导，按文东武西的次序，穿过金水桥和太 和门，进入太和殿广场，按照正、从一品到九品的品级顺序就位等候。在中和韶乐的伴奏声中，皇帝先 在中和殿接受内廷事务官员的参拜，然后在太和殿升座。此时，站在太和殿台阶下的鸣鞭校尉鸣鞭三 响，宣表官手捧表文与两位大学士来到太和殿下正中，面向皇帝下跪，宣读皇帝颁布的新年贺词，祈望 来年国泰民安。随后，皇帝赐群臣入座饮茶，互贺新年。这时仅仅是王公勋爵可以进太和殿就座，其他 官员只能在殿外的 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Palace Museum is celebrating its centenary with a major exhibition titled "Centenary Guardianship - From the Forbidden City to the Palace Museum," showcasing its development through a narrative of artifacts and history [1]. Group 1: Exhibition Overview - The exhibition features 200 national treasures selected from over 1.95 million artifacts, including paintings, bronzes, jade, ceramics, and ancient court musical instruments, spanning from the Neolithic era to the Qing Dynasty [3]. - The narrative structure of the exhibition is divided into three main chapters: "A Continuous Cultural Heritage," "A Century of Transmission," and "A Myriad of Phenomena," creating a vivid and comprehensive history of the Palace Museum [3]. Group 2: Featured Artifacts - A highlight of the exhibition is the Northern Song Dynasty painting "Along the River During the Qingming Festival" by Zhang Zeduan, which has a storied history of loss and recovery, now preserved as a cultural treasure for the public [5]. - Another significant piece is the Tang Dynasty painting "Five Cows" by Han Huang, recognized as the oldest existing paper-based Chinese painting, which was acquired by the state in 1958 from Hong Kong [5]. Group 3: Cultural Significance - The exhibition emphasizes the importance of cultural heritage, showcasing over 280,000 artifacts acquired through state purchases and donations since the founding of New China, reflecting the nation's commitment to cultural preservation [7]. - A special display features artifacts from different eras, symbolizing the spirit of progress and the aspirations for national stability and public well-being [9]. Group 4: Institutional Development - The exhibition illustrates the challenges of cultural preservation and the significance of transmission, highlighting the Palace Museum's evolution into a more open and confident institution dedicated to showcasing and preserving Chinese traditional culture [11].

Core Viewpoint - The Palace Museum, a significant cultural landmark in China, is celebrating its centenary in 2025, showcasing its historical importance and cultural heritage [1][10]. Group 1: Historical Significance - The Palace Museum is the largest and best-preserved wooden structure palace complex in the world, recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site and a testament to over 5,000 years of Chinese civilization [1]. - Established on October 10, 1925, the term "Palace Museum" specifically refers to the former imperial palace of the Ming and Qing dynasties, known as the Forbidden City [3]. Group 2: Visitor Engagement - The museum has seen a significant increase in visitor numbers, with over 17.6 million visitors expected in 2024, following the first-time surpassing of 10 million visitors in 2009 [3]. - The museum's exhibitions, such as "Hundred Years of Guardianship," feature rare treasures like "Five Cattle" and "Along the River During the Qingming Festival," illustrating its evolution and commitment to innovation [5]. Group 3: Architectural and Cultural Appeal - The architectural grandeur of the museum includes the three main halls and exquisite gardens, showcasing the beauty of traditional Chinese architecture [6]. - The museum houses a vast collection of artifacts, including unique treasures and sculptures, which narrate the rich history and culture of China [7]. Group 4: Modernization and Global Influence - The Palace Museum is leveraging technology and cultural creativity to engage a broader audience, enhancing the visibility of Chinese traditional culture on a global scale [10]. - The transformation of the museum reflects broader changes in China, emphasizing the importance of cultural heritage and its role in contemporary society [10].

Core Points - The Palace Museum, a significant cultural landmark in China, will celebrate its 100th anniversary on October 10, 2025, marking its importance as the largest and best-preserved wooden palace complex in the world and a vital witness to over 5,000 years of Chinese civilization [1][2] Group 1: Historical Significance - The term "Forbidden City" refers to the imperial palace of the Ming and Qing dynasties, and the Palace Museum was established on October 10, 1925, becoming a specialized term for this historical site [2] - The museum houses 1.95 million cultural relics, showcasing the rich heritage of the Chinese nation over thousands of years [3] Group 2: Visitor Engagement - The museum's visitor numbers have significantly increased, surpassing 10 million for the first time in 2009 and expected to exceed 17.6 million in 2024 [3] - A major exhibition titled "A Century of Guardianship: From the Forbidden City to the Palace Museum" features national treasures like "Five Oxen" and "Along the River During the Qingming Festival," illustrating the museum's evolution and growth [3] Group 3: Cultural Impact - The Palace Museum has transformed from a royal collection into a shared cultural treasure for the public, reflecting a shift in accessibility and appreciation of Chinese heritage [4] - The architectural grandeur and exquisite artifacts, such as those displayed in the Treasure Hall and Clock Hall, highlight the museum's role in showcasing both Chinese and Western cultural aesthetics [5] Group 4: Future Prospects - The museum continues to attract a large audience, leveraging technology and cultural creativity to bring artifacts to life and promote traditional Chinese culture globally [7] - The centennial celebration symbolizes not only the museum's transformation but also the broader changes within Chinese society and the ongoing legacy of cultural heritage [7][8]

Core Points - The Palace Museum is celebrating its 100th anniversary, marking a significant milestone in its history and cultural heritage [2][21][33] - The museum has evolved from a royal palace to a public institution, making cultural treasures accessible to the general public [13][25] - The museum has developed a comprehensive system for the collection, protection, research, display, and dissemination of cultural relics [2][12][23] Group 1: Historical Significance - The Palace Museum was officially established on October 10, 1925, and has since become a symbol of cultural preservation [5][21] - During the Second Sino-Japanese War, nearly 20,000 boxes of cultural relics were relocated to protect them from destruction [10][12] - The museum has received over 456 million visitors from 1949 to 2019, with a record of over 17.6 million visitors expected in 2024 [12][21] Group 2: Cultural Heritage and Preservation - The museum's collection includes approximately 1.95 million cultural relics, categorized into 25 major categories [9][23] - The Palace Museum has established a "cultural relic hospital" that employs over 100 experts in restoration and preservation [16][23] - The museum utilizes advanced technology, including 3D printing, to restore and preserve artifacts [17][23] Group 3: Educational and Cultural Exchange - The Palace Museum has initiated various exhibitions and cultural exchange programs, enhancing its role as a global cultural hub [24][26] - The "Taihe Scholars" program promotes academic exchange, supporting scholars from 14 countries [28] - The museum has organized numerous international exhibitions, fostering cross-cultural dialogue and understanding [26][29] Group 4: Future Development - The Palace Museum is expanding its facilities, with a new northern area under development to continue its mission of cultural preservation [31][33] - The museum aims to enhance its service levels and further promote the display and utilization of cultural relics [31][33] - The leadership emphasizes the importance of cultural confidence and the responsibility of preserving and interpreting the museum's diverse values [31][33]

Core Viewpoint - The "Centenary Guardian" exhibition at the Palace Museum showcases over 200 national treasures from its collection of more than 1.95 million artifacts, highlighting the museum's development over the past century [1]. Group 1: Exhibition Overview - The exhibition is structured around three main themes: "Cultural Heritage," "Centennial Legacy," and "Diverse Expressions," presenting a vivid history of the Palace Museum [1]. - An innovative narrative technique using both artifacts and archival documents allows each item to tell its own historical story, illustrating the museum's remarkable journey from hardship to success [1]. Group 2: Featured Artifacts - The centerpiece of the exhibition is the "Along the River During the Qingming Festival" by Zhang Zeduan from the Northern Song Dynasty, symbolizing both artistic brilliance and its tumultuous history [3]. - The "Five Oxen" painting by Han Huang from the Tang Dynasty, the oldest existing paper-based Chinese painting, was repatriated to the museum in 1958 after being damaged [5]. - The "Baiyuan Tie" by Wang Xun, the only surviving work from the "Sage of Calligraphy" Wang Xizhi's family, also has a challenging return story [8]. Group 3: Cultural Significance - The return of these national treasures reflects the perseverance and progress of the Palace Museum and the cultural heritage efforts of New China [10]. - Artifacts like the jade disc from over 2,000 years ago and the Spring and Autumn period's lotus crane pot symbolize the enduring spirit of the Chinese nation and its continuous civilization over 5,000 years [12]. - The Palace Museum today embraces a more open and confident approach to preserving, inheriting, and showcasing excellent traditional Chinese culture, sharing a vibrant story of ancient China with the world [15].

Core Points - The exhibition "Centenary Guardianship: From the Forbidden City to the Palace Museum" opened on September 30 to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the Palace Museum, featuring 200 cultural relics [1] - The exhibition is divided into three sections: "A Continuous Cultural Heritage," "A Century of Transmission," and "A Thousand Atmospheres," showcasing significant artifacts including the Northern Song Dynasty's "Along the River During the Qingming Festival" [1] - The exhibition narrates the history of the Palace Museum through a combination of artifacts and archival materials, highlighting its development alongside the Chinese nation over the past century [1] Exhibition Details - The exhibition will be open until December 30, with a flow-based viewing model for "Along the River During the Qingming Festival" to enhance the visitor experience [2] - Visitors are advised to follow the guidance of staff for orderly viewing and to maintain a quiet atmosphere during the exhibition [2]