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金属期权:金属期权策略早报-20260112
Wu Kuang Qi Huo· 2026-01-12 02:05
| 李立勤 | 高级投研经 | 从业资格号:F3074095 | 交易咨询号:Z0017896 | 邮箱:lilq@wkqh.cn | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | | 理 | | | | | 黄柯涵 | 期权研究员 | 从业资格号:F03138607 | 电话:0755-23375252 | 邮箱:huangkh@wkqh.cn | | 李仁君 | 产业服务 | 从业资格号:F03090207 | 交易咨询号:Z0016947 | 邮箱:lirj@wkqh.cn | 金属期权策略早报概要:(1)有色金属偏多上行,构建卖方中性波动率策略策略;(2)黑色系维持大幅度波动的 行情走势,适合构建做空波动率组合策略;(3)贵金属反弹回暖上升,构建牛市价差组合策略。 | 表1:标的期货市场概况 | | --- | 金属期权 2026-01-12 金属期权策略早报 | 期权品种 | 标的合约 | 最新价 | 涨跌 | 涨跌幅 | 成交量 | 量变化 | 持仓量 | 仓变化 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- ...
期货市场去年全年成交量突破90亿手
Zheng Quan Ri Bao· 2026-01-09 16:40
针对这一现象,国元期货研究咨询部相关负责人分析称,首先,期权工具特性与当前市场风险特征高度 适配;其次,交易者专业化程度提升,产业客户和机构投资者持续增多,风险管理工具应用从基础期货 套期保值逐步拓展至期权精细化对冲、波动率交易和复杂策略构建,直接推高了期权市场活跃度;此 外,期货市场基础设施持续完善,如做市商制度日益成熟、品种体系不断丰富等,也为市场增长提供了 支撑。 业内人士普遍对2026年期货市场发展持乐观预期。上述东证期货相关负责人认为,预计期货市场资金体 量将稳步扩大,品种进一步扩容,更好满足产业客户风险管理需求;行业层面,随着各类客户深度参与 期货交易,期货公司将提升对投研能力的重视程度;同时,科技发展与AI广泛应用将大幅提升期货公 司研究效率,未来行业竞争将聚焦于服务实体经济的深度、产品创新能力及特色化发展路径。 "2025年期货市场成交量与成交额同比显著增长,核心是实体企业避险需求与市场内生动力共同作用的 结果。"国元期货研究咨询部相关负责人表示,一方面,全球宏观环境不确定性提升,推高了实体企业 避险需求;另一方面,期货市场持续完善夯实了增长基础——2025年新增18个期货、期权品种,覆盖有 ...
金属期权:金属期权策略早报-20260109
Wu Kuang Qi Huo· 2026-01-09 04:22
金属期权 2026-01-09 金属期权策略早报 | 李立勤 | 高级投研经 理 | 从业资格号:F3074095 | 交易咨询号:Z0017896 | 邮箱:lilq@wkqh.cn | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 黄柯涵 | 期权研究员 | 从业资格号:F03138607 | 电话:0755-23375252 | 邮箱:huangkh@wkqh.cn | | 李仁君 | 产业服务 | 从业资格号:F03090207 | 交易咨询号:Z0016947 | 邮箱:lirj@wkqh.cn | 金属期权策略早报概要:(1)有色金属偏多上行,构建卖方中性波动率策略策略;(2)黑色系维持大幅度波动的 行情走势,适合构建做空波动率组合策略;(3)贵金属反弹回暖上升,构建牛市价差组合策略。 | 表1:标的期货市场概况 | | --- | | 期权品种 | 标的合约 | 最新价 | 涨跌 | 涨跌幅 | 成交量 | 量变化 | 持仓量 | 仓变化 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | | | | | ...
金属期权:金属期权策略早报-20260107
Wu Kuang Qi Huo· 2026-01-07 05:19
金属期权 2026-01-07 金属期权策略早报 | 李立勤 | 高级投研经 理 | 从业资格号:F3074095 | 交易咨询号:Z0017896 | 邮箱:lilq@wkqh.cn | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 黄柯涵 | 期权研究员 | 从业资格号:F03138607 | 电话:0755-23375252 | 邮箱:huangkh@wkqh.cn | | 李仁君 | 产业服务 | 从业资格号:F03090207 | 交易咨询号:Z0016947 | 邮箱:lirj@wkqh.cn | 金属期权策略早报概要:(1)有色金属偏多上行,构建卖方中性波动率策略策略;(2)黑色系维持大幅度波动的 行情走势,适合构建做空波动率组合策略;(3)贵金属反弹回暖上升,构建牛市价差组合策略。 | 表1:标的期货市场概况 | | --- | | 期权品种 | 标的合约 | 最新价 | 涨跌 | 涨跌幅 | 成交量 | 量变化 | 持仓量 | 仓变化 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | | | | | ...
金属期权:金属期权策略早报-20260106
Wu Kuang Qi Huo· 2026-01-06 02:20
1. Report Industry Investment Rating - No investment rating information is provided in the report [1][2] 2. Core Viewpoints - For non - ferrous metals, a seller's neutral volatility strategy can be constructed as they tend to move upwards; for the black series, a short - volatility combination strategy is suitable due to their large - amplitude fluctuations; for precious metals that are rebounding, a bull spread combination strategy can be built [2] 3. Summary by Related Catalogs 3.1 Futures Market Overview - The latest prices, price changes, price change percentages, trading volumes, volume changes, open interests, and open interest changes of various metal futures contracts such as copper, aluminum, zinc, etc., are presented [3] 3.2 Option Factors - Volume and Open Interest PCR - The trading volume, volume change, open interest, open interest change, trading volume PCR, volume PCR change, open interest PCR, and open interest PCR change of various metal options are provided. Volume PCR and open interest PCR are used to describe the strength of the option underlying market and the turning point of the underlying market respectively [4] 3.3 Option Factors - Pressure and Support Levels - The strike price at the money, pressure points, pressure point offsets, support points, support point offsets, maximum call option open interest, and maximum put option open interest of various metal options are given. These are used to analyze the pressure and support levels of the option underlyings [5] 3.4 Option Factors - Implied Volatility - The at - the - money implied volatility, weighted implied volatility, weighted implied volatility change, annual average implied volatility, call option implied volatility, put option implied volatility, 20 - day historical volatility, and the difference between implied and historical volatility of various metal options are presented [6] 3.5 Strategy and Recommendations 3.5.1 Non - Ferrous Metals - **Copper**: Based on the fundamentals and market trends of copper, directional, volatility, and spot long - hedging strategies are proposed, such as constructing a bull spread combination strategy for call options, a short - volatility seller option combination strategy, and a spot long - hedging strategy [7] - **Aluminum**: Considering the fundamentals and market trends of aluminum, directional, volatility, and spot long - hedging strategies are recommended, including constructing a bull spread combination strategy for call options, a sell - biased long call + put option combination strategy, and a spot collar strategy [9] - **Zinc**: According to the fundamentals and market trends of zinc, volatility and spot long - hedging strategies are suggested, like constructing a sell - biased long call + put option combination strategy and a spot collar strategy [9] - **Nickel**: Based on the fundamentals and market trends of nickel, directional, volatility, and spot - covered strategies are put forward, such as constructing a bull spread combination strategy for call options, a sell - biased long call + put option combination strategy, and a spot - covered strategy [10] - **Tin**: Considering the fundamentals and market trends of tin, volatility and spot long - hedging strategies are recommended, including constructing a short - volatility strategy and a spot collar strategy [10] - **Lithium Carbonate**: According to the fundamentals and market trends of lithium carbonate, volatility and spot long - hedging strategies are suggested, like constructing a sell - biased long call + put option combination strategy and a spot long - hedging strategy [11] 3.5.2 Precious Metals - **Silver**: Based on the fundamentals and market trends of silver, volatility and spot - hedging strategies are proposed, such as constructing a neutral short - volatility option seller combination strategy and a spot - hedging strategy [12] 3.5.3 Black Series - **Rebar**: Considering the fundamentals and market trends of rebar, volatility and spot long - covered strategies are recommended, including constructing a sell - biased short call + put option combination strategy and a spot long - covered strategy [13] - **Iron Ore**: Based on the fundamentals and market trends of iron ore, volatility and spot long - hedging strategies are put forward, such as constructing a sell - neutral call + put option combination strategy and a long collar strategy [13] - **Ferroalloys**: For manganese silicon, volatility strategies are suggested, like constructing a short - volatility strategy; for industrial silicon, volatility and spot long - hedging strategies are recommended; for glass, volatility and spot long - hedging strategies are put forward [14][15]
金属期权:金属期权策略早报-20260105
Wu Kuang Qi Huo· 2026-01-05 02:21
Report Summary 1. Investment Rating The report does not mention the industry investment rating. 2. Core Viewpoints - For non - ferrous metals with a bullish upward trend, construct a neutral volatility strategy for sellers; for the black series with large - amplitude fluctuations, construct a short - volatility combination strategy; for precious metals with a rebound, construct a bull spread combination strategy [2]. 3. Summary by Category 3.1 Futures Market Overview - The report provides the latest prices, price changes, price change rates, trading volumes, volume changes, open interests, and open interest changes of various metal futures contracts, including copper, aluminum, zinc, etc. For example, the latest price of copper (CU2602) is 98,240, with a price increase of 820 and a price change rate of 0.84% [3]. 3.2 Option Factors - **Volume - to - Open - Interest PCR**: The report presents the volume - to - open - interest PCR of various metal options, which is used to describe the strength of the option underlying market and whether the underlying market has a turning point. For instance, the volume PCR of copper options is 0.42, with a change of - 0.13, and the open - interest PCR is 0.67, with a change of - 0.02 [4]. - **Pressure and Support Levels**: The pressure and support levels of various metal options are analyzed from the perspective of the strike prices with the largest open interests of call and put options. For example, the pressure level of copper options is 110,000, and the support level is 94,000 [5]. - **Implied Volatility**: The report shows the at - the - money implied volatility, weighted implied volatility, change in weighted implied volatility, annual average implied volatility, call implied volatility, put implied volatility, 20 - day historical volatility, and the difference between implied and historical volatilities of various metal options. For example, the at - the - money implied volatility of copper options is 27.36%, and the weighted implied volatility is 33.51%, with a change of - 0.18% [6]. 3.3 Strategy and Recommendations - **Non - ferrous Metals**: - **Copper**: The copper market shows a bullish upward trend with support below. It is recommended to construct a short - volatility seller option combination strategy for volatility strategies and a spot hedging strategy for spot positions [7]. - **Aluminum**: The aluminum market is in a short - term retracement after a bullish rise. It is recommended to construct a call option bull spread combination strategy for directional strategies and a short - call + short - put option combination strategy for volatility strategies [9]. - **Other non - ferrous metals**: Similar analyses and strategy recommendations are provided for zinc, nickel, tin, and lithium carbonate options, including fundamental analysis, market trend analysis, option factor research, and corresponding option strategies [9][10][11]. - **Precious Metals (Silver)**: The silver market shows large - amplitude fluctuations in a bullish trend. It is recommended to construct a neutral short - volatility option seller combination strategy for volatility strategies and a spot hedging strategy for spot positions [12]. - **Black Series**: - **Rebar**: The rebar market shows a weak oscillatory retracement with pressure above. It is recommended to construct a short - bearish call + short - put option combination strategy for volatility strategies and a spot covered - call strategy for spot positions [13]. - **Iron Ore**: The iron ore market shows a bullish oscillatory trend with support below and pressure above. It is recommended to construct a neutral short - call + short - put option combination strategy for volatility strategies and a long - collar strategy for spot positions [13]. - **Other black series**: Similar analyses and strategy recommendations are provided for ferroalloys, industrial silicon, and glass options [14][15].
金属期权:金属期权策略早报-20251230
Wu Kuang Qi Huo· 2025-12-30 02:58
Report Summary 1. Investment Rating No investment rating for the industry is provided in the report. 2. Core Viewpoints - For non - ferrous metals, a neutral volatility selling strategy for sellers can be constructed as they tend to move upwards; for the black series with large - amplitude fluctuations, a short - volatility combination strategy is suitable; for precious metals with a rebound, a bull spread combination strategy can be built [2]. 3. Summary by Related Catalogs 3.1 Futures Market Overview - The report presents the latest prices, price changes, price change rates, trading volumes, volume changes, open interests, and open interest changes of various metal futures contracts, including copper, aluminum, zinc, etc. For example, the latest price of copper contract CU2602 is 96,060, with a decrease of 4,400 and a decline rate of 4.38% [3]. 3.2 Option Factors - Volume and Open Interest PCR - The volume PCR and open interest PCR of different metal options are provided. These indicators are used to describe the strength of the option underlying market and the turning point of the underlying market. For instance, the volume PCR of copper options is 0.45, and the open interest PCR is 0.78 [4]. 3.3 Option Factors - Pressure and Support Levels - The pressure points, support points, and their offsets of various metal options are given. For example, the pressure point of copper options is 110,000, and the support point is 92,000 [5]. 3.4 Option Factors - Implied Volatility - The at - the - money implied volatility, weighted implied volatility, and its change, annual average, call implied volatility, put implied volatility, 20 - day historical volatility, and the difference between implied and historical volatility of different metal options are presented. For example, the at - the - money implied volatility of copper options is 31.29% [6]. 3.5 Option Strategies and Recommendations - **Non - ferrous Metals** - **Copper**: Based on the analysis of fundamentals, market trends, and option factors, strategies such as a short - volatility seller option combination strategy and a spot long - hedging strategy are recommended [7]. - **Aluminum**: A bull spread combination strategy for call options, a short - biased call + put option combination strategy, and a spot collar strategy are suggested [9]. - **Zinc**: A short - biased call + put option combination strategy and a spot collar strategy are recommended [9]. - **Nickel**: A bull spread combination strategy for call options, a short - biased call + put option combination strategy, and a spot covered - call strategy are proposed [10]. - **Tin**: A short - volatility strategy and a spot collar strategy are recommended [10]. - **Lithium Carbonate**: A short - neutral call + put option combination strategy and a spot long - hedging strategy are suggested [11]. - **Precious Metals** - **Silver**: A neutral short - volatility option seller combination strategy and a spot hedging strategy are recommended [12]. - **Black Series** - **Rebar**: A short - bearish call + put option combination strategy and a spot long - covered - call strategy are suggested [13]. - **Iron Ore**: A short - neutral call + put option combination strategy and a spot long - collar strategy are recommended [13]. - **Ferroalloys (Manganese Silicon and Silicon Iron)**: For manganese silicon, a short - volatility strategy is recommended; for silicon iron, a short - biased call + put option combination strategy and a spot long - hedging strategy are suggested [14]. - **Industrial Silicon**: A short - volatility call + put option combination strategy and a spot long - hedging strategy are recommended [14]. - **Glass**: A bear spread combination strategy for put options, a short - volatility call + put option combination strategy, and a spot long - collar strategy are suggested [15].
金属期权:金属期权策略早报-20251229
Wu Kuang Qi Huo· 2025-12-29 03:12
1. Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the given content 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - For non - ferrous metals, a neutral volatility strategy for sellers can be constructed as they are trending upwards; for black metals, a short - volatility combination strategy is suitable due to their large - amplitude fluctuations; for precious metals, a bull - spread combination strategy can be built as they are rebounding and rising [2] 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Futures Market Overview - Copper (CU2602) closed at 101,380, up 3,270 (3.33%), with a trading volume of 28.70 million lots and an open interest of 25.21 million lots [3] - Aluminum (AL2602) closed at 22,520, up 135 (0.60%), with a trading volume of 35.36 million lots and an open interest of 29.96 million lots [3] - Zinc (ZN2602) closed at 23,215, up 85 (0.37%), with a trading volume of 14.57 million lots and an open interest of 9.74 million lots [3] - And so on for other metals including lead, nickel, tin, etc. 3.2 Option Factors - Volume and Open Interest PCR - For copper, the volume PCR is 0.45 (down 0.13), and the open interest PCR is 0.74 (up 0.08) [4] - For aluminum, the volume PCR is 0.25 (down 0.29), and the open interest PCR is 0.52 (down 0.04) [4] - Similar data are provided for other metals 3.3 Option Factors - Pressure and Support Levels - For copper, the pressure level is 98,000 and the support level is 90,000 [5] - For aluminum, the pressure level is 23,000 and the support level is 21,400 [5] - Other metals also have their corresponding pressure and support levels 3.4 Option Factors - Implied Volatility - For copper, the at - the - money implied volatility is 30.23%, the weighted implied volatility is 32.68% (up 5.44%) [6] - For aluminum, the at - the - money implied volatility is 18.46%, the weighted implied volatility is 22.02% (up 3.56%) [6] - Implied volatility data are available for all metals 3.5 Strategy and Recommendations 3.5.1 Non - ferrous Metals - **Copper**: Build a bull - spread combination strategy for call options and a short - volatility seller option combination strategy; for spot hedging, hold a long spot position + buy put options + sell out - of - the - money call options [7] - **Aluminum**: Construct a bull - spread combination strategy for call options, a short - call + put option combination strategy; for spot hedging, use a collar strategy [9] - Similar strategies are provided for zinc, nickel, tin, and lithium carbonate 3.5.2 Precious Metals - **Silver**: Build a bull - spread combination strategy for call options, a short - volatility option seller combination strategy; for spot hedging, hold a long spot position + buy put options + sell out - of - the - money call options [12] 3.5.3 Black Metals - **Rebar**: Build a short - call + put option combination strategy for a short - bias; for spot hedging, hold a long spot position + sell call options [13] - **Iron ore**: Build a short - neutral call + put option combination strategy; for spot hedging, use a collar strategy [13] - Similar strategies are provided for ferroalloys, industrial silicon, and glass
商品期权周报:2025年第52周-20251228
Dong Zheng Qi Huo· 2025-12-28 13:44
1. Report Industry Investment Rating - No relevant content provided. 2. Core View of the Report - This week (2025.12.21 - 2025.12.26), the trading volume of the commodity options market increased slightly, with an average daily trading volume of 8.43 million lots and an average daily open interest of 7.03 million lots, showing a week-on-week change of +22.16% and +8.84% respectively. Investors are advised to focus on potential market opportunities in actively traded varieties [1][7]. - The underlying futures of commodity options showed mixed price movements this week. Most commodity options' implied volatility increased on a weekly basis. The market sentiment for different varieties also varied, with some showing a concentrated expectation of price decline and others showing an expectation of price increase [2][16][17]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Commodity Options Market Activity - The average daily trading volume of actively - traded varieties this week included silver (1.52 million lots), PTA (0.69 million lots), and nickel (0.43 million lots). Five varieties had a trading - volume increase of over 100%, with significant growth in paraxylene (+461%), nickel (+196%), and rapeseed meal (+171%). Meanwhile, LPG (-79%), fuel oil (-79%), and soybeans No.1 (-71%) had obvious trading - volume declines. The varieties with high average daily open interest were glass (0.47 million lots), silver (0.45 million lots), and soda ash (0.45 million lots). Paraxylene (+282%) and PTA (+119%) had a relatively rapid week - on - week increase in open interest [1][7]. 3.2 This Week's Main Data Review of Commodity Options 3.2.1 Underlying Price Movements - The varieties with high weekly increases included silver (+14%), lithium carbonate (+5.34%), and PTA (+4.62%); the varieties with high weekly decreases included polysilicon (-2.14%) and Shanghai tin (-1.58%) [2][16]. 3.2.2 Market Volatility - Most commodity options' implied volatility increased on a weekly basis, with the current implied volatility of 42 varieties above the 50% percentile of the past year. The implied volatility of silver, nickel, lithium carbonate, paraxylene, and staple fiber increased by 22.06, 18.17, 11.59, 10.22, and 10.17 percentage points respectively. Varieties with implied volatility at a one - year high included silver, tin, nickel, aluminum, copper, and paraxylene; those with implied volatility at a one - year low included soybean oil [2][16]. 3.2.3 Options Market Sentiment - Currently, the trading - volume PCR of lithium carbonate and apples is at a historical high, indicating a short - term concentrated expectation of price decline in the market; the trading - volume PCR of live pigs, aluminum, rapeseed oil, corn, gold, and rubber is at a one - year low, indicating a concentrated expectation of price increase. The open - interest PCR of lithium carbonate, silver, paraxylene, and PTA is at a historical high, showing a high level of market sentiment for betting on price decline; the open - interest PCR of aluminum, ethylene glycol, zinc, and styrene is at a one - year low, indicating an accumulation of market sentiment for betting on price increase [2][17]. 3.3 Key Data Overview of Main Varieties - This chapter presents key data of main varieties, including trading volume, volatility, and options market sentiment indicators. More detailed data for more varieties can be found on the official website of Dongzheng Fanwei (https://www.finoview.com.cn/) [22]. 3.3.1 Energy - Relevant charts show the total trading volume, volatility, open - interest PCR, and trading - volume PCR of crude oil, but no specific data analysis in the text [23][24][27]. 3.3.2 Chemicals - **PTA**: Charts display the total trading volume, volatility, open - interest PCR, and trading - volume PCR, but no specific data analysis in the text [30][31][37]. - **Caustic Soda**: Similar to PTA, relevant data are presented in charts without specific text analysis [39][40][41]. - **Glass**: Charts show related data, and there is no specific text analysis [45][46][47]. - **Soda Ash**: Charts present relevant information, and no detailed text analysis [53][54][56]. 3.3.3 Precious Metals - Charts show the total trading volume, volatility, open - interest PCR, and trading - volume PCR of silver, with no specific text analysis [62][63][64]. 3.3.4 Ferrous Metals - **Iron Ore**: The total trading volume, volatility, open - interest PCR, and trading - volume PCR are presented in charts, and no detailed text analysis [70][71][72]. - **Silicomanganese**: Similar to iron ore, relevant data are shown in charts without specific text analysis [77][78][79]. 3.3.5 Non - ferrous Metals - **Copper**: Charts display the total trading volume, volatility, open - interest PCR, and trading - volume PCR, with no specific text analysis [85][86][90]. - **Aluminum**: Similar to copper, relevant data are presented in charts without detailed text analysis [92][93][95]. 3.3.6 Agricultural Products - **Soybean Meal**: The total trading volume, volatility, open - interest PCR, and trading - volume PCR are shown in charts, and no detailed text analysis [98][100][103]. - **Palm Oil**: Relevant data are presented in charts without specific text analysis [106][107][108]. - **Cotton**: Similar to the above, relevant data are shown in charts without detailed text analysis [114][115][117].
金属期权:金属期权策略早报-20251226
Wu Kuang Qi Huo· 2025-12-26 03:16
Report Date - The report is dated December 26, 2025 [1] Core Viewpoints - For non - ferrous metals showing a bullish upward trend, construct a seller neutral volatility strategy [2] - For the black metals maintaining a large - amplitude volatile market, construct a short - volatility portfolio strategy [2] - For precious metals rebounding and rising, construct a bull spread portfolio strategy [2] Summary of Each Section 1. Futures Market Overview - The table presents the latest prices, price changes, price change rates, trading volumes, volume changes, open interests, and open - interest changes of various metal futures contracts [3] 2. Option Factors - Volume and Open - Interest PCR - The volume PCR and open - interest PCR of different metal options are provided, along with their changes, which can be used to analyze the strength of the option underlying market and potential turning points [4] 3. Option Factors - Pressure and Support Levels - The pressure points, pressure - point offsets, support points, support - point offsets, maximum call option holdings, and maximum put option holdings of different metal options are given, helping to identify potential price barriers and supports [5] 4. Option Factors - Implied Volatility - The at - the - money implied volatility, weighted implied volatility, weighted implied - volatility changes, annual average implied volatility, call implied volatility, put implied volatility, historical 20 - day volatility, and the difference between implied and historical volatility of various metal options are presented [6] 5. Option Strategies and Recommendations Non - Ferrous Metals - **Copper**: Construct a bull spread strategy for call options, a short - volatility seller option portfolio strategy, and a spot long - hedging strategy [7] - **Aluminum**: Construct a short - volatility strategy by selling call and put options and a spot collar strategy [9] - **Zinc**: Construct a short - volatility strategy by selling call and put options and a spot collar strategy [9] - **Nickel**: Construct a bull spread strategy for call options, a short - volatility strategy by selling call and put options, and a spot covered - call strategy [10] - **Tin**: Construct a bull spread strategy for call options, a short - volatility strategy, and a spot collar strategy [10] - **Lithium Carbonate**: Construct a bull spread strategy for call options, a short - volatility strategy by selling call and put options, and a spot long - hedging strategy [11] Precious Metals - **Silver**: Construct a bull spread strategy for call options, a short - volatility option seller portfolio strategy, and a spot hedging strategy [12] Black Metals - **Rebar**: Construct a short - volatility strategy by selling call and put options and a spot covered - call strategy [13] - **Iron Ore**: Construct a short - volatility strategy by selling call and put options and a spot long - collar strategy [13] - **Ferroalloys (Manganese Silicon and Silicon Iron)**: For manganese silicon, construct a short - volatility strategy; for silicon iron, construct a short - volatility strategy and a spot hedging - related strategy [13][14] - **Industrial Silicon**: Construct a bear spread strategy for put options, a short - volatility strategy by selling call and put options, and a spot hedging strategy [14] - **Glass**: Construct a bear spread strategy for put options, a short - volatility strategy by selling call and put options, and a spot long - collar strategy [15]