发布会现场。人民网记者丁亦鑫 摄 人民网北京10月27日电 （记者丁亦鑫）秋冬季节，呼吸道传染病多发。面对市面上多种呼吸道传染病疫苗，该如何选择？不同人群有哪些接种建议？ 安徽省疾病预防控制中心主任医师吴家兵在27日国家卫生健康委召开的新闻发布会上作出解答。 "疫苗是预防呼吸道传染病最经济、最有效的措施。我们公众应该结合个人的健康状况和接种禁忌，及时接种相关的疫苗。"吴家兵表示，当前，可以预 防呼吸道传染病的疫苗种类很多，包括流感疫苗、水痘疫苗、肺炎球菌疫苗。应当根据不同人群的健康状况、年龄特点以及暴露的风险，科学选择接种，做 到"分类施策，愿种尽种"。 对于儿童和青少年，免疫系统尚未发育完全，是呼吸道疾病的高发人群。适龄对象除了要完成国家免疫规划疫苗，比如麻腮风疫苗，含百日咳成份疫 苗、流脑疫苗这些疫苗的接种以外，建议6月龄以上的儿童和青少年每年都要接种流感疫苗，还建议儿童按照免疫程序完成肺炎球菌疫苗、b型流感嗜血杆菌 疫苗、水痘疫苗等疫苗的接种。 对于成年人来说，特别是医务人员、教师、公共服务行业从业者以及一些有基础疾病的人，建议每年都要接种流感疫苗，并且根据健康状况接种肺炎球 菌疫苗。 对于一些慢性病患 ...

会上，有记者提问，目前市面上有多种呼吸道传染病的疫苗，比如流感、肺炎球菌疫苗。对于民众 来说，如何来科学选择？针对于不同年龄段的人群，有哪些接种建议？ 对于成年人来说，特别是医务人员、教师、公共服务行业从业者以及一些有基础疾病的人，建议每 年都要接种流感疫苗，并且根据健康状况接种肺炎球菌疫苗。一些慢性病患者，比如糖尿病、慢阻肺、 心血管疾病患者，感染呼吸道疾病病原体后容易发生重症，更要优先接种。 对于老年人群，由于免疫力下降，且大部分伴有基础性疾病，易感染流感和肺炎等呼吸道疾病，是 感染后造成重症和死亡的高危群体，建议每年接种流感疫苗，同时也推荐接种肺炎球菌疫苗，以降低肺 炎以及住院的风险。 吴家兵表示，总体来看，疫苗是预防呼吸道传染病最经济、最有效的措施。公众应该结合个人的健 康状况和接种禁忌，及时接种相关的疫苗。 安徽省疾病预防控制中心主任医师吴家兵表示，当前，可以预防呼吸道传染病的疫苗种类很多，包 括流感疫苗、水痘疫苗、肺炎球菌疫苗。应当根据不同人群的健康状况、年龄特点以及暴露的风险，科 学选择接种，做到"分类施策，愿种尽种"。具体来说： 对于儿童和青少年，免疫系统尚未发育完全，是呼吸道疾病的高发人群。 ...

对于成年人，特别是医务人员、教师、公共服务行业从业者以及一些有基础疾病的人，建议每年都要接 种流感疫苗，并且根据健康状况接种肺炎球菌疫苗。一些慢性病患者，比如糖尿病、慢阻肺、心血管疾 病患者，感染呼吸道疾病病原体后容易发生重症，更要优先接种。 对于老年人群，由于免疫力下降，且大部分伴有基础性疾病，易感染流感和肺炎等呼吸道疾病，是感染 后造成重症和死亡的高危群体，建议每年接种流感疫苗，同时也推荐接种肺炎球菌疫苗，以降低肺炎以 及住院的风险。 中新健康｜如何科学选择呼吸道传染病疫苗？专家解答 中新网10月27日电 国家卫生健康委27日召开新闻发布会，介绍时令节气与健康(霜降)有关情况，并答记 者问。会上，安徽省疾病预防控制中心主任医师吴家兵称，当前，可以预防呼吸道传染病的疫苗种类很 多，包括流感疫苗、水痘疫苗、肺炎球菌疫苗。应当根据不同人群的健康状况、年龄特点以及暴露的风 险，科学选择接种，做到"分类施策，愿种尽种"。 吴家兵表示，对于儿童和青少年，免疫系统尚未发育完全，是呼吸道疾病的高发人群。适龄对象除了要 完成国家免疫规划疫苗，比如麻腮风疫苗，含百日咳成份疫苗、流脑疫苗这些疫苗的接种以外，建议6 月龄以上的儿 ...

对于成年人，特别是医务人员、教师、公共服务行业从业者及有基础疾病者，建议每年接种流感疫苗， 并根据健康状况接种肺炎球菌疫苗。慢性病患者如糖尿病、慢阻肺、心血管疾病患者感染呼吸道疾病病 原体后易发生重症，应优先接种。 对于老年人群，由于免疫力下降，且大部分伴有基础性疾病，易感染流感和肺炎等呼吸道疾病，是感染 后造成重症和死亡的高危群体。建议每年接种流感疫苗，同时也推荐接种肺炎球菌疫苗，降低肺炎及住 院风险。总体来看，疫苗是预防呼吸道传染病最经济、最有效的措施。公众应结合个人健康状况和接种 禁忌，及时接种相关疫苗。 （文章来源：央视新闻） 国家卫生健康委今天举行新闻发布会，介绍时令节气与健康有关情况。安徽省疾病预防控制中心主任医 师吴家兵介绍，当前，可以预防呼吸道传染病的疫苗种类较多，包括流感疫苗、水痘疫苗、肺炎球菌疫 苗等。应当根据不同人群的健康状况、年龄特点和暴露风险，科学选择接种，做到"分类施策，愿种尽 种"。 对于儿童和青少年，免疫系统尚未发育完全，是呼吸道感染的高发人群。适龄对象除了完成国家免疫规 划疫苗如麻腮风疫苗、含百日咳成分疫苗、流脑疫苗等疫苗的接种以外，建议6月龄以上儿童和青少年 每年接种流感疫 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the news highlights a strong performance in the vaccine and biotechnology sector, with the National Vaccine and Biotechnology Index (980015) rising by 2.40% as of August 25, 2025, and several component stocks showing significant gains, such as Changshan Pharmaceutical (300255) up 12.16% and Kangtai Biological (300601) up 8.29% [1] - The overall number of vaccine batch approvals in the first half of 2025 was 1,629, representing a year-on-year decline of 17%, while certain products like rabies and HPV vaccines saw rapid growth in approvals [1] - Several key vaccine products received approval for market launch in the first half of 2025, including CanSino's PCV13 and Wantai's 9-valent HPV vaccine, with additional products under review such as Zhifei's PCV15 and MCV4 [1] Group 2 - The National Vaccine and Biotechnology Index (980015) consists of 50 companies involved in the biotechnology industry, reflecting the overall performance of quality listed companies in the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges [2] - As of July 31, 2025, the top ten weighted stocks in the index accounted for 64.94% of the total index weight, including companies like Fosun Pharma (600196) and Changchun High-tech (000661) [2]

Market Overview - Major indices in China opened lower, with the Shanghai Composite Index down 0.28%, Shenzhen Component down 0.61%, and ChiNext down 1.14%, particularly affected by declines in sectors such as computing hardware, CPO, liquid metal, and fiberglass [1] - The Shanghai Composite Index closed at 3716.68, with a decrease of 0.28% and a trading volume of 83.47 billion [2] - The Shenzhen Component Index closed at 11749.99, down 0.61%, with a trading volume of 122.32 billion [2] - The NASDAQ and S&P 500 indices in the US showed mixed results, with the NASDAQ down 1.46% and the S&P 500 down 0.59%, indicating a cautious market ahead of the Federal Reserve Chairman's speech [3] Industry Insights - The embodied robotics cable industry is experiencing rapid growth, with leading manufacturers beginning to recognize the importance of cable mechanical properties and lifespan, suggesting a high market potential and opportunities for domestic cable manufacturers [4] - The Chinese automotive market showed resilience in July, with new energy vehicle penetration rates reaching historical highs, driven by strong end-user demand and the potential reintroduction of replacement subsidies [5] - The vaccine industry is seeing a decline in overall batch approvals, but certain products like rabies and HPV vaccines are experiencing growth, with several new vaccines expected to contribute to revenue in the latter half of 2025 [6] - The solid-state battery industry is advancing, with a focus on solid electrolytes that enhance battery performance metrics; companies with early investments in lithium sulfide and those with cost advantages in oxide electrolytes are recommended for attention [7]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles highlights the significant outbreak of measles in the United States, with a total of 1,046 confirmed cases reported since late January [1][2] - Among the confirmed cases, 127 patients have been hospitalized, and there have been 3 reported deaths [1] - A notable 96% of the confirmed cases are either unvaccinated or have an unclear vaccination status [1] Group 2 - Texas has reported the highest number of confirmed cases, totaling 728, with 94% of these patients hospitalized and 2 child fatalities [1] - In New Mexico, the confirmed cases have reached 78, with one death reported; 12 of these patients had received the measles vaccine [2] - The age distribution of cases shows that 311 cases are in the 4 years and under group, 389 cases are in the 5 to 19 years group, and 336 cases are in the 20 years and older group [1]

Core Points - Vaccination is the most effective and convenient method for preventing infectious diseases such as measles, hand-foot-mouth disease, and mumps [1] - The chief expert from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wang Huaqing, emphasized the importance of vaccination and hygiene practices to prevent the spread of these diseases [1][2] Group 1: Vaccination Recommendations - Measles and mumps can be prevented through the administration of the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine [1] - The EV71 vaccine is effective in preventing hand-foot-mouth disease caused by the EV71 enterovirus [1] - Timely vaccination is recommended for children at 8 months and 18 months of age to protect their health [2] Group 2: Preventive Measures - Maintaining good hygiene habits is crucial for disease prevention [1] - Regular ventilation and keeping the air fresh are important preventive measures [1] - During epidemic seasons, it is advisable to avoid crowded places with children [1] - Avoiding contact with infected individuals during the acute phase of the disease is recommended [1] - Health monitoring for children, including morning checks in kindergartens and primary schools, is essential [1]