联合接种 糖尿病患者感染流感病毒后，容易诱发肺炎。因此，糖尿病患者既应接种流感疫苗，也应接 种肺炎球菌疫苗。 减少感染暴露 做好日常防护 除接种疫苗外，以下防护措施也能降低感染流感病毒的风险。 避免去高风险场所 在流感流行期间，糖尿病患者应尽量避免去人群密集、通风不良的场所，若必须前 往，应规范佩戴医用外科口罩或N95口罩。需要注意的是，大家每4小时应更换一次口罩，避免重复使 用。 注意个人卫生状况 外出回家后，需用肥皂、洗手液配合流动水洗手，或选择免洗洗手液进行消毒，避 免用手触摸口、鼻、眼睛等部位。 保持室内环境清洁 每天开窗通风2~3次，每次30分钟以上，定期对门把手、电灯开关等进行消毒。 据健康中国微信公众号消息，糖尿病患者免疫力较弱，不仅易感染流感病毒，而且容易发展为重症流 感。因此，糖尿病患者应对流感，要做到预防优先、早发现、早治疗。 主动接种疫苗 构筑第一道防线 接种流感疫苗是预防流感最有效的方式。研究表明，糖尿病患者接种流感疫苗后，感染流感病毒的风险 可降低50%~60%，发展为重症的风险可降低50%~70%。但是，大家需要注意以下几点。 接种时间 人体在接种流感疫苗后，需2~4周才能产生有效 ...

转自：贵州日报 冬至，标志着"数九寒天"正式拉开序幕，对于慢阻肺患者而言，这个节气不仅是传统意义上的寒冬开 始，更是呼吸道一年中严峻的挑战期。 贵阳市第二人民医院（金阳医院）呼吸与危重症医学科牛毓茜主任表示，对慢阻肺患者而言，冬天确实 充满挑战，但绝非不可逾越。通过科学的自我管理，构筑从免疫屏障到药物治疗的坚固防线，完全可以 平稳度过"数九寒天"。 寒冬来临呼吸变艰难 据中国慢阻肺流行病学调查显示，冬季因呼吸道疾病急性加重住院的患者中，慢阻肺患者占比超过 30%。牛主任表示，在冬季，特别是由冬至开始的"数九"期间，慢阻肺患者面临多重考验。 寒冷的冬季，冷空气会直接刺激呼吸道，导致气道痉挛和黏膜血管收缩，增加呼吸阻力。此时流感病 毒、呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）以及肺炎链球菌异常活跃。慢阻肺患者受损的呼吸道防御功能薄弱，一次 普通感冒就可能演变为严重的肺炎或急性加重。此外，空气污染问题在冬季尤为突出。逆温层的出现使 大气污染物不易扩散，同时室内密闭环境导致油烟、尘螨、霉菌等浓度升高，持续刺激呼吸道。 牛主任说，GOLD策略（慢性阻塞性肺疾病全球倡议）明确指出，一次中度到重度的急性加重（类似 于"肺部的中风"），可能 ...

（责任编辑：刘畅 ） 注：如提及个股仅供参考，不代表投资建议。指数/基金短期涨跌幅及历史表现仅供分析参考，不 预示未来表现。市场观点随市场环境变化而变动，不构成任何投资建议或承诺。文中提及指数仅供参 考，不构成任何投资建议，也不构成对基金业绩的预测和保证。如需购买相关基金产品，请选择与风险 等级相匹配的产品。基金有风险，投资需谨慎。 每日经济新闻 湘财证券指出，近期国内疫苗行业新疫苗进展频繁，政策端也积极支持行业发展。流感活动度显著 升高，达到近三年同期最高水平，显示出流感及相关疫苗市场的紧迫需求。关注流感疫苗、肺炎球菌疫 苗和带疱疫苗的结构性机会，长期来看，创新和国际化将是疫苗企业的核心竞争力。 疫苗ETF（159643）跟踪的是疫苗生科指数（980015），该指数从市场中选取涉及生物制品、生命 科学工具和服务等领域的上市公司证券作为指数样本，重点关注疫苗研发、生产及相关服务的企业。成 分股具有显著的创新性和成长性特征，能够综合反映疫苗与生物科技行业的整体表现及技术发展动态。 【免责声明】本文仅代表作者本人观点，与和讯网无关。和讯网站对文中陈述、观点判断保持中立，不对所包含内容 的准确性、可靠性或完整性提供 ...

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is maintained at "Overweight" [2] Core Viewpoints - The report highlights a rising trend in influenza activity, suggesting a structural opportunity in the flu vaccine market. It emphasizes the importance of focusing on innovative vaccines and companies with differentiated pipelines to capture alpha opportunities in a competitive landscape [8][9][27]. Summary by Relevant Sections Industry Performance - Over the past twelve months, the vaccine sector has shown a relative performance of -25% compared to the CSI 300 index, with an absolute return of -5% [3][4]. - The vaccine sector's PE (ttm) is reported at 101.87X, with a PB (lf) of 1.99X, indicating a slight increase in valuation metrics [7][20]. Domestic and International Vaccine Dynamics - Recent approvals for clinical trials include various vaccines from companies like Zhifei Biological Products and CanSino, indicating ongoing innovation in the sector [4][8]. - The National Influenza Center reported an increase in flu cases, with 621 outbreaks reported, suggesting a potential uptick in demand for flu vaccines [4][8]. Market Review - The vaccine sector experienced a 3% increase in the last week, reflecting a moderate performance compared to other pharmaceutical segments [5][6]. - Companies such as Jindike and Hualan Biologicals showed strong performance, while others like Wantai and Zhifei Biologicals lagged behind [6][19]. Investment Recommendations - The report suggests that the vaccine industry is currently under pressure, with a need for companies to focus on innovation and international expansion. It recommends monitoring companies with high technical barriers and differentiated pipelines [8][9][27]. - Specific companies to watch include CanSino for its innovative capabilities and Kanghua Biologicals for its stable demand products [9][27].

Core Viewpoint - Vaccination is the most economical and effective measure to prevent respiratory infectious diseases, and individuals should choose vaccines based on their health status and contraindications [3][4] Group 1: Vaccination Recommendations - Various vaccines are available to prevent respiratory infectious diseases, including influenza, varicella, and pneumococcal vaccines, and should be selected based on health status, age, and exposure risk [3] - For children and adolescents, it is recommended to complete the national immunization program vaccines and receive the influenza vaccine annually starting from 6 months of age, along with other vaccines like pneumococcal and Hib vaccines [3] - Adults, especially healthcare workers, teachers, and those with underlying health conditions, are advised to receive the influenza vaccine annually and pneumococcal vaccine based on their health status [3] Group 2: High-Risk Groups - Chronic disease patients, such as those with diabetes, COPD, and cardiovascular diseases, should prioritize vaccination due to a higher risk of severe illness from respiratory infections [4] - The elderly population, who often have weakened immune systems and underlying conditions, are at high risk for severe illness and death from influenza and pneumonia, and it is recommended they receive both the influenza and pneumococcal vaccines annually [4]

Core Viewpoint - The National Health Commission emphasizes the importance of vaccination against respiratory infectious diseases, providing tailored recommendations for different age groups to enhance public health and prevent severe illness [1][2]. Group 1: Vaccination Recommendations for Children and Adolescents - Children and adolescents are at high risk for respiratory diseases due to their underdeveloped immune systems. It is recommended that children over 6 months of age receive the flu vaccine annually, along with completing vaccinations for pneumonia, Hib, and varicella [1]. Group 2: Vaccination Recommendations for Adults - Adults, especially healthcare workers, teachers, and those with underlying health conditions, should receive the flu vaccine annually and consider the pneumonia vaccine based on their health status. Chronic disease patients are prioritized for vaccination due to their higher risk of severe illness from respiratory infections [2]. Group 3: Vaccination Recommendations for the Elderly - The elderly population, who often have weakened immune systems and underlying health conditions, are at high risk for severe respiratory diseases. It is advised that they receive the flu vaccine annually and also consider the pneumonia vaccine to reduce the risk of pneumonia and hospitalization [2]. Group 4: Overall Vaccination Strategy - Vaccination is highlighted as the most economical and effective measure for preventing respiratory infectious diseases. The public is encouraged to consider their health status and any contraindications when deciding on vaccinations [2].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of scientifically selecting vaccines for respiratory infectious diseases based on individual health status, age characteristics, and exposure risks, advocating for a targeted vaccination strategy [1][2]. Group 1: Vaccination Recommendations for Different Age Groups - For children and adolescents, it is crucial to complete the national immunization program vaccines and receive annual flu vaccinations starting from 6 months of age, along with other recommended vaccines like pneumococcal and varicella vaccines [1]. - Adults, especially healthcare workers, teachers, and those with underlying health conditions, are advised to receive annual flu vaccinations and pneumococcal vaccines based on their health status [1]. - The elderly, due to decreased immunity and the presence of chronic diseases, are at high risk for severe infections and should receive annual flu and pneumococcal vaccinations to reduce the risk of pneumonia and hospitalization [2]. Group 2: Economic and Effective Prevention - Vaccines are highlighted as the most economical and effective measure for preventing respiratory infectious diseases, and the public is encouraged to get vaccinated based on personal health conditions and contraindications [2].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the importance of vaccination in preventing respiratory infectious diseases, with various vaccines available such as influenza, varicella, and pneumococcal vaccines [1][2] - It is recommended that children and adolescents, who are at high risk for respiratory infections, receive annual influenza vaccinations and complete other vaccinations according to the national immunization program [1] - For adults, especially healthcare workers, teachers, and those with underlying health conditions, annual influenza vaccination is advised, along with pneumococcal vaccination based on health status [1] Group 2 - The elderly population is identified as a high-risk group for severe illness and death from respiratory diseases due to decreased immunity and underlying conditions, with annual influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations recommended [2] - Overall, vaccines are highlighted as the most economical and effective measure for preventing respiratory infectious diseases, with the public encouraged to consider personal health status and vaccination contraindications [2]

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is maintained at "Overweight" [1] Core Insights - In H1 2025, rabies vaccines and HPV vaccines showed positive growth in batch approvals, with rabies vaccines leading with a 37.13% year-on-year increase [3][5] - The HPV vaccine approvals totaled 103 batches, reflecting a slight increase of 8.42% year-on-year, primarily driven by the two-valent HPV vaccine [3][4] - The pneumococcal vaccine approvals saw a significant decline, with a total of 44 batches, down 44.3% year-on-year [4] - The report highlights that the vaccine industry is currently under pressure, but long-term prospects remain positive due to innovation and international expansion [9][10] Summary by Sections Rabies Vaccine - Total approvals reached 421 batches in H1 2025, marking a 37.13% increase year-on-year, with Vero cell rabies vaccines accounting for 90% of the total [5] - Major contributors include companies like Fosun Yalifeng and Huashan Biological, with Liaoning Chengda leading with 189 batches [5] HPV Vaccine - The two-valent HPV vaccine saw a remarkable increase of 252% in approvals, while the nine-valent HPV vaccine faced a 75.81% decline [3][12] Pneumococcal Vaccine - The total approvals for pneumococcal vaccines were 44 batches, down 44.3% year-on-year, with the 13-valent vaccine decreasing by 15.91% [4][12] Influenza Vaccine - Total approvals for influenza vaccines were 140 batches, reflecting a 24.73% decline, with the four-valent split vaccine being the most significant contributor [6][12] Meningococcal Vaccine - The total approvals for meningococcal vaccines were 172 batches, down 20.37% year-on-year, with the four-valent polysaccharide vaccine showing strong growth [7][8] Investment Recommendations - The report suggests that while short-term performance is under pressure, long-term focus on innovation and international market expansion is crucial for growth [9][10]

Core Viewpoint - The National Health Commission of China emphasizes the importance of vaccination for adults, providing guidance on how to choose appropriate vaccines based on various factors such as age, health status, and travel plans [1][2]. Group 1: Types of Vaccines - There are several types of vaccines available for adults in China, including those for respiratory infectious diseases (influenza, pneumococcal, COVID-19, measles-mumps-rubella), intestinal infectious diseases (hepatitis A, hepatitis E, cholera), and zoonotic diseases (rabies, hemorrhagic fever, Japanese encephalitis) [1]. - Vaccines can be categorized into three main groups: 1. Vaccines recommended for all adults except those with contraindications, such as the influenza vaccine, which is advised for everyone regardless of previous vaccination history [1]. 2. Vaccines primarily recommended for specific high-risk groups, including hepatitis E for chronic liver disease patients, women of childbearing age, the elderly, students, military personnel, food service workers, livestock farmers, and travelers to endemic areas [1]. 3. Vaccines for specific situations, such as rabies vaccine after animal bites, and other vaccines based on travel requirements [2]. Group 2: Factors for Vaccine Selection - Adults should consider multiple factors when selecting vaccines, including age, health condition, occupation, travel plans, and vaccination history [2]. - It is recommended to consult local disease control centers or vaccination units for personalized advice on vaccine selection [2].