"痛苦+反思=进步（Pain + Reflection = Progress）"。北京时间8月1日，桥水基金创始人瑞·达利欧（Ray Dalio）在社交媒体上分享了他的"告别信"，痛苦与反思淬炼跌宕投资之旅。随着75岁的达利欧出售了 他在桥水基金的剩余所有股份，并离开了董事会，一代投资传奇"退隐"。 上周，桥水基金在致客户的信中表示，已经回购了达利欧的所有剩余股份。桥水随即向文莱主权财富基 金发行了新股。在这笔价值数十亿美元的交易中，文莱主权财富基金获得了桥水近20%的股权。 在过去50多年的投资生涯里，达利欧曾多次成功预判重大趋势，包括2008年金融危机和随后的欧债危 机，他曾被《时代》杂志列入"世界百位最具影响力人物"。 作者：吴斌 面向未来，达利欧再度预警：未来5年，爆发全球性债务危机的概率高达65%，美元霸权或因此遭受重 创。如果企业、国家和个人无法识别自身在周期中的位置，将被这股强大的"潮汐之力"吞没。 这一次，达利欧会否再度一语成谶？ 战绩 1975年，年仅26岁的达利欧决定成立自己的投资机构，在他自己的两居室里，达利欧成立了桥水基金， 开始贯彻自己的投资策略。从1991年旗舰基金成立至今，在达利 ...

Core Insights - Billionaire Ray Dalio has completely exited his remaining shares in Bridgewater Associates, marking the end of a complex leadership transition and ownership structure for the hedge fund he founded [3][4] - Bridgewater repurchased Dalio's remaining shares and subsequently issued new shares to the Brunei Investment Agency, which acquired nearly 20% of the firm in a multi-billion dollar transaction [3][7] - The transition is expected to simplify Bridgewater's governance structure and allow the firm to refocus on investment performance, as its assets under management have significantly decreased from $168 billion at the end of 2019 to an estimated $92.1 billion by the end of 2024 [3][5] Leadership Transition - The leadership transition process initiated by Dalio in 2011 has been described as lengthy and challenging, culminating in his complete exit from ownership and board roles [4][5] - Despite stepping down from various leadership positions, Dalio remained actively involved in company affairs until his full exit, which is anticipated to remove governance obstacles [5] Shareholder Changes - The Brunei Investment Agency, a long-term investor in Bridgewater, has now become one of the largest shareholders following the conversion of its investment in Bridgewater products into equity [8][9] - Although the Brunei fund holds a significant stake, Bridgewater's co-CIO Bob Prince still retains a larger ownership percentage [9]

Core Points - Ray Dalio has officially stepped down from Bridgewater Associates, selling his remaining shares to the Brunei sovereign fund and resigning from the board [1][2] - Dalio's departure marks the end of a 50-year career at Bridgewater, which he founded in 1975, transforming it into one of the largest hedge funds globally with assets under management reaching $92.1 billion by the end of 2024 [3][12] - The leadership transition at Bridgewater has been complex, with multiple CEOs and a long-term succession plan initiated by Dalio over a decade ago [6][8] Company Overview - Bridgewater Associates was founded by Dalio as a small consulting firm for the futures market and has grown to manage significant assets, peaking at nearly double its current size [3] - The current leadership includes co-CIOs Bob Prince and Greg Jensen, and co-CEOs Nir Bar Dea and Mark Bertolini, who are responsible for the investment and business operations respectively [7][8] - The firm has faced challenges in maintaining its identity and performance during this leadership transition, especially as the hedge fund industry undergoes significant changes [10][11] Investment Strategy - Bridgewater has been known for its macroeconomic investment strategies and a culture of transparency, but it is now focusing on modernizing its operations under new leadership [10][11] - The firm has seen a decline in assets under management from $168 billion at the end of 2019 to $92.1 billion by the end of 2024, partly due to limiting the size of its flagship product, Pure Alpha, to enhance performance [12] - Pure Alpha achieved a return of 17% in the first half of 2025, up from 11.3% in 2024, indicating a potential recovery in performance [13] Dalio's Future Focus - Post-retirement, Dalio plans to focus on his family office and explore opportunities in the Middle East, while continuing to engage in macroeconomic discussions and writing [14][15] - Dalio has been a prominent commentator on global economic issues, particularly regarding China, where he has invested significantly and advocated for global portfolio diversification into Chinese assets [16][18]

Core Viewpoint - Ray Dalio, the founder of Bridgewater Associates, has officially stepped down from the firm, marking the end of a 50-year career at the hedge fund he created in 1975. He sold his remaining shares to the Brunei sovereign fund and resigned from the board, expressing confidence in the firm's future without him [3][4][6]. Transition of Leadership - The leadership transition at Bridgewater has been lengthy and complex, with Dalio having initiated a succession plan over a decade ago. He transferred control to a new generation of leaders, with the current management team consisting of younger executives who are expected to modernize the firm while adhering to its foundational principles [6][8][11]. - The current leadership includes co-CIOs Bob Prince and Greg Jensen, and co-CEOs Nir Bar Dea and Mark Bertolini, who are responsible for investment and business operations, respectively [7][9]. Performance and Strategy - Bridgewater's assets under management have decreased from $168 billion at the end of 2019 to $92.1 billion by the end of 2024, partly due to a strategy to limit the size of its flagship product, Pure Alpha, to enhance performance. The fund has seen a return of 17% in the first half of 2025 and 11.3% in 2024 [11]. - The firm is undergoing a significant restructuring to improve performance and reduce Dalio's influence, emphasizing the use of AI and other tools in its operations [11]. Dalio's Continued Influence - Despite stepping down, Dalio remains a significant figure in the investment community, actively engaging in writing and advising on macroeconomic issues. He has expressed a long-term positive outlook on China, advocating for global investment in Chinese assets [13][15][19]. - Dalio's book "Principles" has gained immense popularity in China, reflecting his deep engagement with the country and its financial markets [19].

Core Insights - Ray Dalio, founder of Bridgewater Associates, has sold all his remaining shares and stepped down from the board, marking his retirement after a 50-year investment career [1][8] - Bridgewater has repurchased Dalio's shares and issued new stock to the Brunei sovereign wealth fund, giving it nearly 20% ownership [1] - Dalio warns of a 65% probability of a global debt crisis in the next five years, which could severely impact the dominance of the US dollar [1] Performance - Bridgewater Associates, founded by Dalio in 1975, has become the world's largest hedge fund under his leadership, achieving significant returns during key financial crises [2] - The flagship fund, Pure Alpha, has seen a decline in assets from $168 billion at the end of 2019 to an expected $92.1 billion by the end of 2024, with a cumulative return of only 5.9% over five years [3] - However, after limiting its size, Pure Alpha improved its performance, achieving an 11.3% return in 2024 and 17% in the first half of 2025 [3] Controversies - Dalio's debt theory has faced criticism, particularly regarding his approach to macroeconomic analysis, which some argue is overly simplistic [4][5] - Critics suggest that his view of national debt as a direct precursor to crises does not account for the complexities of macroeconomic behavior and the unique position of the US as the issuer of the world's primary reserve currency [5][6] Legacy - Dalio has emphasized the importance of principles in his investment philosophy, including the need for a culture of transparency and learning from mistakes [8] - He has expressed excitement about the future of Bridgewater without his direct involvement, hoping for continued success under new leadership [8] - Dalio's investment principles highlight the significance of understanding causal relationships, diversification, and the importance of adapting to changing market conditions [10]

Core Insights - Ray Dalio, founder of Bridgewater Associates, has sold all his remaining shares and stepped down from the board, marking his retirement after a 50-year investment career [1][8] - Bridgewater has repurchased Dalio's shares and issued new stock to the Brunei sovereign wealth fund, giving it nearly 20% ownership [1] - Dalio warns of a 65% probability of a global debt crisis in the next five years, which could severely impact the dominance of the US dollar [1][9] Performance - Dalio founded Bridgewater in 1975 and has successfully predicted major trends, including the 2008 financial crisis and the European debt crisis, achieving significant returns for investors [2][3] - Bridgewater's assets under management have decreased from $168 billion at the end of 2019 to an expected $92.1 billion by the end of 2024 [3] - The flagship fund, Pure Alpha, has underperformed compared to the US stock market, with a cumulative return of only 5.9% over five years, although it improved to 11.3% in 2024 [3] Controversies - Dalio's debt theory has faced criticism, particularly regarding his approach to analyzing macroeconomic issues with a microeconomic mindset [4][5] - Critics argue that his views on national debt do not account for the unique position of the US as the issuer of the world's primary reserve currency, which allows for sustainable debt levels as long as the dollar remains accepted globally [5][6] Legacy - Dalio has emphasized the importance of principles in his investment philosophy, including the need for a diversified portfolio and understanding the causal relationships that drive market changes [9][10] - He has outlined seven key investment principles, stressing the importance of risk management and the need to adapt to changing market conditions [9][10] - Dalio expresses confidence in the future of Bridgewater under new leadership, hoping it will thrive without his direct involvement [8][9]

Group 1: Company Overview - Bridgewater Associates, founded by Ray Dalio 50 years ago, has become the world's largest hedge fund, with Dalio recently exiting the firm after selling his remaining shares [1][4] - The firm has issued new shares to the Brunei Investment Agency, granting it nearly 20% ownership, while Bob Prince will have a more significant role in the company [1][2] Group 2: Performance and Growth in China - Despite a significant decline in total assets under management from $168 billion in 2019 to $92.1 billion by the end of 2024, Bridgewater's operations in China have thrived [2][11] - Bridgewater China, established in 2016 and registered as a private fund manager in 2018, has seen its main private fund product achieve a cumulative net value increase of 76% over three years, with a current scale exceeding 40 billion RMB [2][11][14] - The "All Weather" strategy product has recorded an 18.55% performance increase this year, contributing to Bridgewater China's rapid growth [2][12] Group 3: Leadership Transition - The leadership of Bridgewater has transitioned to a younger generation, with key partners like Bob Prince, Greg Jensen, and others taking on more significant roles [4][16] - Ray Dalio has expressed confidence in the new leadership, emphasizing the importance of selecting capable individuals and fostering a culture of meritocracy [16][17] Group 4: Market Position and Strategy - Bridgewater's Chinese operations have become a crucial part of its business strategy, outperforming many local private equity firms during market volatility [11][12] - The firm has focused on distributing its products through top banks and brokerage channels, targeting high-net-worth clients [12][14]

Core Points - Ray Dalio has officially sold his remaining shares in Bridgewater Associates and stepped down from the board, marking the end of his leadership era at the firm [2][3][12] - The transition of ownership at Bridgewater, which has been in process for over a decade, is now complete, simplifying the company's governance structure and allowing it to refocus on investment performance [3][13] Group 1: Ownership Transition - Dalio's complete exit signifies the conclusion of a 14-year succession plan initiated in 2011, which faced complexities and challenges along the way [8][9] - Bridgewater recently repurchased Dalio's remaining shares and issued new shares to the Brunei Investment Agency, making it a significant shareholder with nearly 20% ownership [14][15] - The firm currently manages assets totaling $92.1 billion, a decline from $168 billion at the end of 2019, partly due to a strategic decision to limit the size of its flagship fund, Pure Alpha [4][6] Group 2: Fund Performance - In 2024, Pure Alpha achieved a return of 11.3%, with further improvement in the first half of 2025, recording a 17% return [7] - The positive performance in the first half of 2025 has contributed to overall gains for the firm's main funds [7] Group 3: Dalio's Future Focus - Following the transfer of control, Dalio is now concentrating on managing his family office, which supports entrepreneurial ventures and philanthropic efforts [18][19] - The family office has expanded its global presence, with new offices in Singapore and Abu Dhabi, focusing on investments and charitable activities [21][20] - Dalio has expressed excitement about the future of Bridgewater without his involvement, indicating confidence in the new leadership [5][26]

达利欧从这家宏观对冲基金淡出的过程充满波折。他早在十余年前就宣布继任计划，但直到2022年才真 正交权：当年他将投票权移交董事会，卸任联席首席投资官职务(桥水曾设三位联席CIO)，仅保留董事 席位。 苏黎世 Erlen Capital Management 的执行合伙人Bruno Schneller表示，鉴于达利欧的影响力，他的退出对 行业来说是一个"关键"时刻，而文莱基金的新投资可能会改变该公司的动态。 投资对冲基金的Schneller表示："文莱投资局近 20% 的股份带来了新的活力，有可能增强桥水基金的财 务支持，但也会使其所有权结构转向外部机构影响。" 现年75岁的达利欧1975年创立桥水，奉行所谓"极端透明"的管理哲学。现任首席执行官尼尔·巴迪亚(Nir Bar Dea)近年在改革企业文化，包括取消员工互评优缺点的"棒球卡"制度。 桥水还对旗舰基金Pure Alpha实施规模上限，以提升持续数年低迷的业绩——该基金2024年上涨 11.3%，今年上半年涨幅达17%。 智通财经APP获悉，知情人士透露，全球最大对冲基金桥水公司创始人瑞·达利欧已出售其所持该基金 全部剩余股份，并退出董事会，为这场持续十 ...

Core Viewpoint - Ray Dalio, the founder of Bridgewater Associates, has sold all his shares and exited the board, marking the end of an era for the firm [1][3] Group 1: Leadership Transition - Bridgewater has completed the transition of power, with Dalio's exit symbolizing an "ideal conclusion" to ownership transfer [3] - Dalio had previously transferred all voting rights to the board and stepped down from key positions, although he remained involved in company affairs until now [3] - The transition process was lengthy and complicated, with various CEO combinations and even a lawsuit involved [3] Group 2: Financial Performance - Bridgewater's assets under management have decreased significantly, from $168 billion in 2019 to $92.1 billion by the end of 2024 [4] - The decline in management size is partly due to the implementation of a size cap on the flagship Pure Alpha fund to improve performance [4] - After the size cap, the fund's performance improved, achieving a return of 11.3% in 2024 and 17% in the first half of 2025, compared to a mere 5.9% over the previous five years [4] Group 3: Investment Strategy - In the first quarter of this year, Bridgewater significantly reduced its position in SPDR S&P 500 ETF while acquiring over 5.4 million shares of Alibaba, making it the largest individual holding [7] - The firm has also made substantial investments in gold ETFs, indicating a preference for safe-haven assets amid increasing global economic uncertainty [7] Group 4: Dalio's Economic Views - Dalio has warned about unprecedented levels of debt in countries like the U.S., predicting potential debt crises and significant currency devaluation [6] - He advises investors to avoid debt-related assets and instead invest in gold and Bitcoin as inflation-resistant "hard currencies" [6]