Core Viewpoint - The recent research highlights the role of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) in enhancing anti-tumor immunity and their prognostic value in cancer immunotherapy, emphasizing the need to understand the mechanisms driving TLS formation and to develop strategies to induce TLS for effective anti-tumor therapies [2][6]. Group 1: Research Findings - A study published in *Cancer Cell* reveals that IGLL5 B cell subpopulation disrupts TLS formation and suppresses anti-tumor immunity, particularly in bladder cancer, providing a potential new target for immunotherapy [3][10]. - The research identified an IGLL5+ B cell subpopulation in bladder cancer through single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics [7]. - In engineered humanized mouse models, IGLL5+ B cells compromised the integrity of TLS and weakened the response to immunotherapy [8]. Group 2: Mechanisms and Implications - The mechanism involves IGLL5+ B cells interacting with high endothelial venules (HEV) via IGLL5-LTβR, leading to conformational changes in LTβR that inhibit the non-canonical NF-κB signaling pathway, ultimately resulting in TLS disintegration [8]. - Preclinical studies indicate that blocking IGLL5 can maintain TLS and enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy in patient-derived xenograft models and pan-cancer models [9]. - Targeting IGLL5+ B cells presents a new strategy for enhancing TLS-dependent cancer immunotherapy [10].

撰文丨王聪 编辑丨王多鱼 排版丨水成文 尽管药物研发领域取得了诸多进展，但仍有约 90% 的可成药疾病靶点缺乏小分子药物。随着诸如 AlphaFold 等蛋白质结构预测技术的进步， 全基因组药物发现 已成为一个更可实现的目标。然而，目前使 用的 虚拟筛选 （ Virtual Screening ） 工具远不能满足这一需求。现有的方法 （无论是经典的分子对接还 是深度学习方法） ，仍存在着计算成本都太高、无法覆盖全基因组靶点等问题。 因此，研究人员希望能够开发出 一种有效的 全基因组虚拟筛选 方法，以快速识别人类基因组中每个可成 药靶点的小分子配体。 如今，这一局面正被打破。来自 清华大学 的研究团队推出了 AI 驱动的超高通量药物虚拟筛选平台—— DrugCLIP ， 首次实现 全基因组规模的虚拟筛选 ，将传统方法需数年的计算任务压缩至 24 小时内，效率 提升最高达 1000 万倍。 该研究于 2026 年 1 月 8 日，清华大学智能产业研究院 （ AIR ） 兰艳艳 教授 联合清华大学生命科学学 院学院 张伟 副教授、 闫创业 副教授及化学系 刘磊 教授 （ 贾寅君 、 高博文 、 谭佳 鑫 、 郑济青 ...

编辑丨王多鱼 排版丨水成文 热带森林 储存了全球约一半的 地上生物量碳 （AGC） ，但广大区域正遭受干扰影响，包括农业扩张导致 的毁林以及火灾、选择性采伐和边缘效应引发的退化。随着时间的推移，受干扰森林能够恢复，逐步重建 碳储量和生态功能。然而，关于恢复速率如何随干扰规模、类型和地理位置变化的问题仍缺乏量化研究。 2026 年 1 月 7 日，清华大学 李伟 副教授 、 法国气候与环境科学实验室 Philippe Ciais 教授教授 作为通 讯作者 （ 徐伊迪 为论文第一作者 ） ，在国际顶尖学术期刊 Nature 上发表了题为： Small persistent humid forest clearings drive tropical forest biomass losses 的研究论文。 该研究基于高分辨率的森林扰动和生物量数据，构建了格点尺度的森林扰动植被恢复数据库，并在此基础 上开发了一个集成高分辨率遥感数据和森林扰动恢复数据库的森林碳簿记模型。利用该模型估算了 1990- 2020 年间森林扰动导致的植被碳储量时空变化动态，明确了不同干扰类型和扰动斑块大小对森林植被碳储 量及碳密度变化的具体 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses a novel pericyclic reaction called triatropic rearrangement, which allows for high selectivity in editing saturated carbon ring frameworks, providing new pathways for the precise editing of complex cyclopentane and natural product scaffolds [4][6]. Group 1 - The research was conducted by Associate Professor Dong Zhe and Assistant Professor Yu Peiyuan from Southern University of Science and Technology, and published in the prestigious journal Science [3]. - The triatropic rearrangement reaction simultaneously breaks three σ bonds and forms two σ bonds and one π bond in a single transition state, enabling stereoselective transformations of carbon-oxygen bonds in epoxides into carbon-carbon bonds [5]. - This strategy allows for highly selective carbon migration reactions in epoxidized cycloalkanes, generating cyclized products with high chemical, regio-, and stereoselectivity [5]. Group 2 - The triatropic rearrangement reaction can be modularly combined with classical reactions, offering a unique "[4+2–1]" strategy for constructing complex cyclopentanes [5][6]. - The research highlights the broad applicability and high stereocontrol of the triatropic rearrangement, making it a significant advancement in synthetic chemistry [4][6].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses a groundbreaking research on high-voltage, anode-free sodium-sulfur batteries, which could provide a sustainable energy storage solution, overcoming limitations of traditional lithium-based systems [3][5]. Group 1: Research Breakthrough - The research team transformed the low-valence reaction path (S0/S2-) of traditional sodium-sulfur batteries into a high-valence reaction path (S0/S4+), creating a new battery system that operates at a significantly higher discharge voltage of 3.6 V [3][5]. - This new battery design eliminates the need for metallic sodium during production, enhancing safety and cost-effectiveness [5]. Group 2: Performance Metrics - The new sodium-sulfur battery achieves an energy density of up to 1198 Wh/kg and a power density of 23773 W/kg, based on total electrode mass calculations [5]. - The introduction of an 8 wt% bismuth-coordinated covalent organic framework catalyst in the sulfur cathode significantly improves the discharge capacity to 1206 mAh/g (sulfur + catalyst), leading to an energy density of 2021 Wh/kg [5]. Group 3: Cost and Application Potential - The estimated cost of the anode-free sodium-sulfur battery is $5.03 per kWh, indicating excellent scalability and potential for widespread application [7]. - This technology presents significant opportunities in energy storage for power grids and wearable electronic devices, addressing key performance limitations of traditional alkali metal-sulfur battery systems [7].

2026 年 1 月 7 日，浙江大学能源工程学院 范利武 研究员、宁波大学 叶羽敏 教授及普林斯顿大学 胡楠 博士作为共同通讯作者 （ 浙江大学博士生 李梓瑞 为论文第一作者 ） ，在国际顶尖学术期刊 Nature 上发 表了题为： Pulse heating and slip enhance charging of phase-change thermal batteries 的研究论 文。 该研究提出全新的 " 滑移强化紧密接触熔化 " （slip-enhanced close-contact melting， sCCM） 机 制，实现了在 不牺牲能量密度的情况下提高 相变热池 的 充热速率。 编辑丨王多鱼 排版丨水成文 用于可再生能源存储和废热回收的 相变热池 （ Phase-change thermal battery ） ，利用 石蜡、 水合 盐、 糖醇等材料 在固态和液态两种状态转换时吸收或释放的 "相变潜热"来存储热量，这需要 高能量密度 和 快速充放热 ，然而，这两者相互排斥，因为熔化焓高的相变 材料 （ phase-change material， PCM） 通常是不良热导体，这限制了"相 ...

撰文丨王聪 编辑丨王多鱼 排版丨水成文 2026 年伊始，国际顶尖学术期刊 Nature 上线了 35 篇研究论文，其中 14 篇来自华人学者 （包括通讯作者和第一作者） 。 1 月 7 日，香港 香港中文大学 吕海荣 、 香港科技大学 全杨健 作为共同通讯作者，在 Nature 期刊发表了题为： Electrochemical defluorinative Matteson- type homologation （ 电化学脱氟马特森型同系化反应 ） 的研究论文 【1】 。 1 月 7 日， 伦斯勒理工学院 Meng Xiangyi 作为第一作者，在 Nature 期刊发表了题为： Surface optimization governs the local design of physical networks （ 表面优化控制着物理网络的局部设计） 的研究论文 【2】 。 1 月 7 日， 马萨诸塞大学医学院 翁志萍 作为通讯作者，在 Nature 期刊发表了题为： An expanded registry of candidate cis-regulatory elements （ 候选顺 式调控元件的 ...

撰文丨王聪 编辑丨王多鱼 排版丨水成文 对于成百上千万患有 神经痛 的人来说，哪怕是最轻微的触碰也会让他们难以忍受。 长期以来，科学家们一直怀疑，受损的神经元之所以功能衰退，是因为这些细胞中的能量工厂—— 线粒体 ，无法正常运作。 而现在，一项发表于 Nature 的最新研究指出了一个可行的方向—— 向陷入困境的神经元提供健康的线粒体 。 该研究以： Mitochondrial transfer from glia to neurons protects against peripheral neuropathy 为题，于 2026 年 1 月 7 日在线发表于 国际顶尖学术期刊 Nature 。 该研究利用人体组织和小鼠模型发现， 补充线粒体 能显著减轻糖尿病神经病变和化疗引起的神经损伤所导致的 疼痛 ，这种疼痛缓解可持续长达 48 小时。 论文通讯作者、杜克大学 纪如荣 教授表示， 通过给受损神经提供新的线粒体，或者帮助它们自身生成更多线粒体，能够减轻炎症并促进治愈，这种方法有望以 一种全新的方式缓解疼痛。 而在未患病的小鼠中阻断这种线粒体转移，则会导致神经退化和神经性疼痛。单细胞核 RNA 测序和原位杂 ...

Core Viewpoint - Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has shown promise in improving clinical outcomes for some head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients, but the mechanisms regulating treatment response remain poorly understood [3][6]. Group 1: Role of Gut Microbiome - Increasing research emphasizes the significant role of the gut microbiome in determining the effectiveness of immunotherapy, with specific gut bacteria shown to enhance anti-tumor immunity and T cell proliferation in cancer patients [3]. - Intratumoral bacteria have been identified as immunosuppressive and promote resistance to ICB therapy in HNSCC [4]. Group 2: Research Findings - A study analyzing samples from the CIAO clinical trial found that only the total abundance of intratumoral bacteria could predict patient response to ICB therapy, a conclusion validated across multiple independent cohorts [6]. - High abundance of intratumoral bacteria correlates with an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment characterized by neutrophil accumulation and reduced T cells and other adaptive immune cells [6]. - Experimental manipulation of intratumoral bacterial abundance in a mouse model of HNSCC replicated the immunological associations observed in clinical trial participants [6]. Group 3: Implications for Immunotherapy - The findings indicate that high levels of intratumoral bacteria are a key inhibitory factor for anti-tumor immunity and contribute to resistance against immunotherapy [7].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses a novel approach to cancer immunotherapy through the development of an intratumoral vaccination chimera (iVAC) that combines immune checkpoint degradation with high-quality antigen presentation, aiming to enhance anti-tumor immunity and overcome immune evasion by tumors [4][5][7]. Group 1: Mechanisms of Tumor Immune Evasion - Tumors evade immune surveillance through various mechanisms, including the overexpression of inhibitory checkpoint proteins and impaired antigen presentation [3]. - The lack or dysfunction of tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) limits the response rates to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies [3]. Group 2: Development of iVAC - The research team developed the iVAC, which covalently links PD-L1 degradation agents with immunogenic antigens, enabling the reprogramming of tumor cells into antigen-presenting cell-like states [5][7]. - iVAC induces strong tumor-killing effects by reactivating resident antigen-specific CD8+ T cells and reshaping the tumor microenvironment to promote durable tumor-specific immunity [5][7]. Group 3: Experimental Validation - The iVAC technology was validated using antigens derived from cytomegalovirus (CMV) to activate CMV-specific T cells targeting breast cancer in vitro, in humanized mouse models, and in patient-derived tumor models [7]. - This innovative strategy transforms tumor cells into allies of the immune system, paving the way for more effective cancer immunotherapies [7].