编辑丨王多鱼 排版丨水成文 癌症恶病质 （ C ancer Cachexia ） 是一种由肿瘤特异性生物学过程驱动的复杂多器官综合征，会导致全 身代谢功能障碍。其特征为骨骼肌和脂肪组织逐渐消耗导致的进行性体重减轻，通常伴有食欲减退，最终 导致生活质量下降和预后不良。恶病质在胰腺癌、肺癌、食管癌和胃癌等癌症中尤为常见，这些癌症加起 来占全球癌症相关死亡人数的近一半。 迄今为止，尚无获得美国 FDA 批准的有效逆转癌症恶病质的疗法，这凸显了这一关键的未满足需求。新出 现的证据表明，肿瘤与多个器官系统之间的相互作用在驱动恶病质方面起着关键作用，这突显了肿瘤微环 境的重要性。阐明这些全身性相互作用的机制对于开发有效的治疗方法和扩大治疗选择至关重要。 2 026 年 2 月 1 2 日，俄克拉荷马大学医学院 李敏 教授团队等在 Cancer Cell 期刊发表了题为： Tumor-immune-neural circuit disrupts energy homeostasis in cancer cachexia 的研究论文。 该研究首次系统揭示了由 肿瘤 、 免疫系统 和 神经系统 共同构成的病理环路，并证实该环路 ...

撰文丨王聪 编辑丨王多鱼 排版丨水成文 在癌症免疫治疗领域，靶向 免疫检查点 分子 PD-1/PD-L1 和 CTLA-4 的抑制剂已经取得了显著成功， 它们能够解除肿瘤对免疫系统的限制，然而，仍有相当比例的癌症患者要么对这些疗法没有影响，要么随 着治疗的进行而产生耐药性。 传统免疫疗法的局限性 因此，我们亟需发现新的免疫检查点，以帮助更广泛的癌症患者获益。 2026 年 2 月 11 日，加拿大蒙特利尔大学/ 蒙特利尔临床研究所的 André Veillette 团队 （博士后 Li Bin 为论文第一作者） ，在国际顶尖学术期刊 Nature 上发表了 题为： SLAMF6 as a drug-targetable suppressor of T cell immunity against cancer 的研究论文。 该研究发现了一种 新的免疫检查点 —— SLAMF6 ，它是 T 细胞介导的抗肿瘤免疫的关键抑制因子， 通过 一种名为" 顺式同型相互作用 " （ 同一个 T 细胞表面上的 SLAMF6 之间相互结合） 的独特方式发挥" 自 我抑制 " 作用。 通过单克隆抗体破坏 SLAMF6 的 顺式同型 ...

编辑丨王多鱼 排版丨水成文 该研究 在主族金属铝化学领域取得重要突破， 首次实现了铝元素的氧化还原催化 ，不仅为未来铝元素化 学的系统发展奠定了重要基础，也拓展了人们对主族元素催化的概念性认知，树立了具有启发意义的研究 范式。 在这项新研究中，研究团队报道了一种低价 铝宾分子 —— carbazolylaluminylene 的 氧化还原催化能力， 其能够完成一个完整的铝（I）/铝（III）催化循环，该循环包含氧化加成、双插入、分子内异构化和还原消 除——这些基本机理步骤传统上仅为昂贵的 过渡金属 催化所独有。 利用这种 铝（I）/铝（III） 氧化还原循环，研究团队实现了高效、高区域选择性的雷佩环三聚反应，生产 出多种苯衍生物 ， 催化转化数最高可达 2290 。通过 X 射线晶体学和量子化学分析，研究团队阐明了咔 唑基配体框架内的动态氮几何结构如何精确调节铝的配位环境，从而促进催化循环。 总的来说，这项工作从根本上增进了对主族元素氧化还原催化的概念性理解，不仅填补了主族金属铝氧化 还原催化领域的研究空白，也进一步深化了人们对铝元素成键特性与反应本质的认识，为后续铝化学及相 关主族元素化学的发展提供了重要基 ...

撰文丨王聪 编辑丨王多鱼 排版丨水成文 120 年前的哈伯法合成氨 （通过 氮气和氢气合成氨的方法 ） 彻底改变了化肥的生产方式，至今仍是合成氨的主要来源。 然而，该方法需要苛刻的反应条件，化 学家们仍在寻找能在更接近室温及常压条件下运行的方法。 电化学 锂 （Li） 介导的 氮气 （N₂） 还原，能够在环境温度和压力下实现 氨 （NH₃） 的生产，为减少化工行业的碳排放提供了一条途径。然而，氨的生产率 通常受到 固体电解质界面 （ Solid Electrolyte Interphase， SEI） 处锂离子脱溶和扩散缓慢的限制。 2026 年 2 月 12 日， 上海交通大学变革性分子前沿科学中心 李俊 团队联合 苏州大学功能纳米与软物质研究院 程涛 团队，在国际顶尖学术期刊 Science 上发 表了题为： Enhanced Li-ion diffusion improves N₂ -to- NH₃ current efficiency at 100 mA cm⁻² 的研究论文。 在这项最新研究中，研究团队攻克了 锂介导氮气还原法 （Li-NRR） 合成氨 的一个关键瓶颈，实现了在 常温常压 下高效、稳 ...

Core Viewpoint - The study published by Harvard University indicates that the consumption of caffeinated coffee and tea is associated with a reduced risk of dementia and slightly better cognitive function, while decaffeinated coffee shows no significant association with dementia risk [2][4][10]. Group 1: Study Overview - The research involved a prospective cohort study with 131,821 participants from two cohorts: the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS), with a follow-up period of up to 43 years [4][5]. - Participants were free of cancer, Parkinson's disease, or dementia at baseline, and dietary intake was assessed every 2-4 years using validated food frequency questionnaires [4][5]. Group 2: Key Findings - During the follow-up, 11,033 new cases of dementia were recorded among participants [5]. - The analysis showed that the highest quartile of caffeinated coffee consumption had a significantly lower dementia risk compared to the lowest quartile (141 cases vs 330 cases per 100,000 person-years; risk ratio 0.82) [6]. - Subjective cognitive decline was lower in the highest caffeinated coffee consumption group (7.8% vs 9.5%; prevalence ratio 0.85) [6]. Group 3: Consumption Patterns - No significant association was found between decaffeinated coffee and dementia risk or cognitive function [7]. - A non-linear inverse relationship was observed between the intake of caffeinated coffee and tea and cognitive outcomes, with the most significant protective effects noted at moderate consumption levels (2-3 cups of caffeinated coffee and 1-2 cups of tea daily) [7][10]. Group 4: Implications - The results suggest that higher consumption of caffeinated coffee and tea is linked to a lower risk of dementia and better cognitive function, highlighting caffeine as a potential key active ingredient, while polyphenols in tea may also play a synergistic role [10].

Core Viewpoint - Metal halide perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) are considered a promising next-generation display technology due to their excellent external quantum efficiency (EQE), tunable emission colors, and low-cost processing [2]. Group 1 - Despite their potential, PeLEDs currently lag behind organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), which have achieved an EQE of 40%, due to limitations in carrier confinement and non-radiative recombination caused by surface defects [3]. - A recent study published in the journal Nature by researchers from Jilin University and other institutions has made significant advancements in the efficiency of PeLEDs, achieving an EQE of 42.9% (verified at 42.3% by a third party) [3][4]. Group 2 - The research team developed a new strategy for constructing 3D/2D ordered heterojunction perovskite films using a one-step spin-coating method, which effectively confines carriers and shifts the radiative recombination region away from defect-rich surface areas [4]. - The wrinkled morphology of the surface 2D perovskite enhances light extraction efficiency to 45.4%, contributing to the record-breaking EQE of 42.9% [4]. - This breakthrough not only sets a new efficiency record but also simplifies the manufacturing process, requiring only a single spin-coating step to achieve high-performance heterojunctions without complex post-processing [4].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the significant advancements in nuclear optical clock technology, particularly the development of a continuous-wave narrow-linewidth vacuum ultraviolet laser source, which addresses a critical bottleneck in the field [2][3][4]. Group 1: Technological Breakthrough - The Tsinghua University team successfully developed a 148 nm continuous-wave ultra-narrow linewidth laser source, overcoming the last core bottleneck in nuclear optical clock research [3][4]. - This laser source outputs power exceeding 100 nW and has a linewidth significantly lower than 100 Hz, with continuous tunability in the 140 to 175 nm range, which is crucial for the development of thorium-229 nuclear optical clocks [3][6]. Group 2: Strategic Importance - Nuclear optical clocks, utilizing nuclear transitions instead of electronic transitions, are expected to provide higher precision and better environmental disturbance resistance, making them a strategic frontier in quantum precision measurement [2][4]. - The advancements in laser technology not only facilitate the development of nuclear optical clocks but also support various cutting-edge scientific applications, including quantum information experiments and high-resolution spectroscopy [7]. Group 3: Future Implications - The new laser source platform is anticipated to enhance the resilience of key segments in the semiconductor industry by supporting vacuum ultraviolet metrology and chip testing [7]. - The research findings lay the groundwork for further advancements in coherent vacuum ultraviolet light sources, potentially leading to higher performance metrics in various applications [6][7].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the significant contributions of Chinese scholars in the field of scientific research, particularly in the publication of 22 research papers in the prestigious journal Nature on February 11, 2026, with 12 of these papers authored by Chinese researchers [3][5][7][11][13][15][17][19][21][23][25][27]. Group 1: Research Contributions - Liu Liu from Southern University of Science and Technology and Zhang Xin published a paper titled "Aluminium redox catalysis enables cyclotrimerization of alkynes" [3] - Zheng Ning from the University of Washington and Huang Lan from the University of California, Irvine co-authored a paper titled "CSN5i-3 is an orthosteric molecular glue inhibitor of COP9 signalosome" [5] - Ji Wenyu from Jilin University and Lu Haizhou from Southeast University co-authored a paper titled "Maximizing perovskite electroluminescence with ordered 3D/2D heterojunction" [7] - Yu Jie from the Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry and Gai Jingpeng from Shanghai University of Science and Technology co-authored a paper titled "Conformational diversity and fully opening mechanism of native NMDA receptor" [11] - Yang Wei from the National Institutes of Health published a paper titled "Pre-incision structures reveal principles of DNA nucleotide excision repair" [13] - Wang Xingchen from Boston College published a paper titled "Fossil isotope evidence for trophic simplification on modern Caribbean reefs" [15] - Li Bin from the Montreal Clinical Research Institute published a paper titled "SLAMF6 as a drug-targetable suppressor of T cell immunity against cancer" [17] - Lim Hwee Ying and Zhang Yuning from the National University of Singapore co-authored a paper titled "Targeting excessive cholesterol deposition alleviates secondary lymphoedema" [19] - Qu Zhe from the Hefei Institute of Physical Science and Ma Jie from Shanghai Jiao Tong University co-authored a paper titled "Giant magnetocaloric effect and spin supersolid in a metallic dipolar magnet" [21] - Ding Shiqian from Tsinghua University published a paper titled "Continuous-wave narrow-linewidth vacuum ultraviolet laser source" [23] - Dai Qionghai and Wu Jiamin from Tsinghua University co-authored a paper titled "Sub-second volumetric 3D printing by synthesis of holographic light fields" [25] - Wang Jianwei from Peking University co-authored a paper titled "Large-scale quantum communication networks with integrated photonics" [27]

撰文丨王聪 编辑丨王多鱼 排版丨水成文 肿瘤微环境 （TME） 是有效免疫治疗的主要障碍，然而，用于剖析肿瘤微环境空间复杂性及其背景免疫调 节剂的高通量扰动图谱方法，目前仍显不足。 在这项最新研究中，研究团队开发了肿瘤免疫微环境的 CRISPR-激光捕获显微切割整合图谱—— CLIM- TIME （ C RISPR- L aser-captured microdissection I ntegration M apping of T umor I mmune M icro e nvironment ） ，这是一个可扩展平台，将 CRISPR 筛选与转移性肿瘤的 激光显微切割 （ LCM ） 相结合，用于转录组学、去卷积和免疫荧光分析。 CLIM-TIME 能够实现空间分辨的 肿瘤抑制基因 （ tumor suppressor gene， TSG） 缺失如何重塑肿 瘤微环境 （TME） 并调控免疫反应的图谱绘制。利用 CLIM-TIME ，研究团队确定了 七种 不同的肿瘤微 环境 （TME） 亚型，揭示出 DNA 修复和多梳抑制复合物 （PRC） 肿瘤抑制基因 （TSG） 的缺失与对 T 细胞疗法敏感的免疫浸润 ...

编辑丨王多鱼 排版丨水成文 大脑中的神经元通过突触相互连接，形成复杂的神经网络。突触传递的强度和效率 持续 发生变化，这一现 象称为 突触可塑性 ，被认为是学习和记忆的细胞基础。 NMDA 受体 是一类离子型谷氨酸受体，在介导兴 奋性神经传递和调控突触可塑性方面发挥着核心作用。当 NMDA 受体功能异常时，可能导致癫痫、精神分 裂症、抑郁症以及阿尔茨海默病等多种神经系统疾病。 NMDA 受体是由不同亚基组成的异源四聚体 ， 通常包含两个必需的 GluN1 亚基和两个 GluN2 亚基 （ GluN2A-D ） 或 GluN3 亚基 （ GluN3A-B ） 。不同亚基的组合赋予受体不同的功能特性：含 GluN2A 的受体激活速度快，含 GluN2B 的受体则激活较慢但持续时间更长。这种亚基组成的差异也影响受体对药 物的反应，因此解析天然状态下受体的 亚基组成、组装方式和门控转换机制 ，对于开发靶向特定亚型的治 疗药物具有重要意义。 该研究发现，含 GluN2A 亚基的受体在 全脑 中占主导地位。 GluN2A 的氨基末端结构域 （ ATD ） 表现 出显著的构象柔性，这种动态变化可能 调节 从 ATD 到 L ...