Core Insights - The latest report from the American Meteorological Society, titled "Annual Climate Status Report," warns that multiple climate indicators are set to break records in 2024, including greenhouse gas concentrations, land and ocean temperatures, sea level heights, and ocean heat content [1][2] Group 1: Greenhouse Gas Concentrations - The concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has reached 422.8±0.1 parts per million (ppm), a 52% increase from the pre-industrial level of 278 ppm [1] Group 2: Temperature Records - Global surface temperatures have broken records for two consecutive years, exceeding the 1991-2020 average by 0.63℃ to 0.72℃ [2] - The period from 2015 to 2024 is confirmed as the hottest decade on record, according to six authoritative datasets [2] Group 3: Ocean Temperature and Heat Waves - Influenced by the El Niño phenomenon, global sea surface temperatures are expected to reach new highs in 2024, with an increase of 0.06℃ compared to the record set in 2023 [2] - Approximately 91% of ocean areas are experiencing heat waves, while only 26% are facing cold waves [2] Group 4: Water Cycle and Extreme Weather - The amount of water vapor in the atmosphere has reached a historical high, with over 20% of global regions experiencing extreme vapor values, significantly higher than the 10% recorded in 2023 [2] Group 5: Ocean Heat Content and Sea Level Rise - Global ocean heat content has reached unprecedented levels, with measurements taken from the surface down to 2000 meters deep continuing to increase [2] - The global average sea level has set new records for 13 consecutive years, rising approximately 105.8 millimeters since the beginning of satellite monitoring in 1993 [2] Group 6: Glacier Melting - In 2024, 58 benchmark glaciers worldwide have reported mass loss for two consecutive years, marking the largest average loss in 55 years [2] - Venezuela has become the first Andean country to completely lose its glaciers, while the Conejeras Glacier in Colombia has been officially declared "dead" [2]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the discovery of a novel bacterial protein family that catalyzes nitrous oxide (N₂O) reduction, which is significant for understanding N₂O consumption and its implications for climate change and greenhouse gas emissions [4][9]. Group 1: Research Findings - A new type of nitrous oxide reductase, known as L-N₂OR, has been identified, expanding the known diversity of N₂O reductases [8][9]. - The research indicates that the L-N₂OR gene is present in various taxa, primarily found in widely distributed uncultured microbial communities [8]. - The study highlights the involvement of previously unrecognized groups, such as Nitrospinota, in N₂O consumption [9]. Group 2: Implications - The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of N₂O consumption sources, which is crucial for greenhouse gas emission models and climate change strategies [4][9]. - The discovery of new N₂O reductases provides opportunities for innovative biotechnologies aimed at reducing N₂O emissions [4][9].

研究表明，本土原生森林比外来树种森林具有更好的防护能力。在"加布里埃尔"飓风发生前3至5年内植 被遭破坏的区域，更易发生滑坡。 该研究还发现，气候变化加剧了"加布里埃尔"飓风的降雨强度，未来这种趋势很可能持续增强。研究者 表示，该研究的数据与结论将支撑全国性滑坡模型的构建，用于预测突发性高危滑坡的发生区域及潜在 影响。同时，期待此项研究能为未来土地利用决策提供科学依据，从而助力减轻这类破坏性灾害的影 响。 责编：李磊、王瑞景 新华社惠灵顿8月20日电（记者龙雷、李惠子）新西兰地球科学组织近日在国际学术杂志《滑坡》上发 布研究报告说，2023年侵袭新西兰的"加布里埃尔"飓风曾诱发超过80万次滑坡，受灾面积约100平方公 里，是全球有记录以来最极端的滑坡诱发事件之一。 研究显示，"加布里埃尔"飓风当时带来的强降雨使土壤含水量极度饱和，使许多坡地的土壤含水量达到 临界点，发生滑坡成为不可避免的结果。部分地区24小时内降雨量高达500毫米，较历史纪录高出50% 以上。 除降雨外，影响滑坡位置的关键因素还包括地质类型、植被类型及坡地陡峭程度，通常灌木和草地覆盖 区域比森林覆盖区域更容易发生滑坡。例如在霍克斯湾等地，灌木 ...

Core Insights - The research report published by the New Zealand Earth Sciences Organization highlights that Cyclone Gabrielle triggered over 800,000 landslides in 2023, affecting an area of approximately 100 square kilometers, marking it as one of the most extreme landslide-inducing events on record [1] Summary by Categories Rainfall Impact - Cyclone Gabrielle brought intense rainfall that saturated soil moisture levels, causing many slopes to reach critical saturation points, making landslides inevitable [1] - Some areas experienced rainfall of up to 500 millimeters within 24 hours, exceeding historical records by more than 50% [1] Factors Influencing Landslides - Key factors influencing landslide locations include geological type, vegetation type, and slope steepness, with shrub and grassland areas being more prone to landslides compared to forested regions [1] - In regions like Hawke's Bay, the density of small shallow landslides in shrub and grassland areas reached as high as 327 occurrences per square kilometer [1] Vegetation and Landslide Protection - Native forests provide better protective capabilities against landslides compared to non-native tree species [1] - Areas where vegetation was disturbed 3 to 5 years prior to Cyclone Gabrielle were more susceptible to landslides [1] Climate Change and Future Trends - The study indicates that climate change has intensified the rainfall associated with Cyclone Gabrielle, and this trend is likely to continue [1] - The data and conclusions from this research will support the development of national landslide models to predict high-risk landslide areas and their potential impacts [1] - The research aims to provide scientific basis for future land use decisions to mitigate the impacts of such destructive disasters [1]

Core Insights - The article discusses the 50th anniversary of China-Europe diplomatic relations, emphasizing the importance of mutual understanding and cooperation between the two regions [1] - Gerhard Stahl, a prominent figure in EU and German politics, shares insights on the evolving economic relationship between China and Germany, highlighting the need for open dialogue and collaboration [3][5] Group 1: Economic Cooperation - Germany has released its first China strategy, aiming to continue economic cooperation while emphasizing risk reduction rather than decoupling [5] - There is a significant investment interest from German companies in China, with over half of surveyed German firms planning to increase investments in China over the next two years [6] - The economic relationship between China and Germany is characterized by long-term cooperation, with both sides needing to establish common rules for collaboration [5][6] Group 2: Political Dynamics - The concept of "systemic competitor" in EU discourse may lead to misunderstandings and does not accurately reflect the complexities of China-Europe relations [9] - The article highlights the need for regular high-level exchanges to address political challenges and build trust between China and Europe [10][13] - The ongoing geopolitical tensions, such as the Russia-Ukraine conflict, are affecting China-Europe relations, necessitating open communication to mitigate negative impacts [13] Group 3: Climate Change and Global Issues - Climate change is identified as a critical area for cooperation between China and Europe, with both sides having commitments under the Paris Agreement [9][10] - The article suggests that addressing global challenges like climate change requires collaborative efforts and mutual understanding [4][9] Group 4: Future Outlook - The future of China-Europe relations hinges on improving business dialogue, cultural exchanges, and research cooperation [14] - Young people are encouraged to travel and gain international experience to foster better understanding between cultures [14]

新华社马德里/布鲁塞尔8月19日电 综述｜欧洲多国山火肆虐 欧盟启动跨国援助 新华社记者黄燕 丁英华 今年以来，西班牙、葡萄牙等国山火不断，造成人员伤亡和过火面积激增，灾情日益严峻，西班牙更是 于近日首次向欧盟委员会申请援助，以应对该国史上最严重的山火危机之一。 过火面积破纪录 西班牙夏季普遍高温干燥，山火几乎年年发生，但今年尤为严重。连续数月、此起彼伏的山火已造成3 人死亡，另有一名消防员在前往救火的途中因车祸身亡。 欧洲森林火灾信息系统19日数据显示，今年以来，西班牙多地蔓延的野火已波及约38万公顷的土地，为 该系统2006年以来录得的最高纪录。 西班牙已派出3000名士兵和50架军机协助消防员工作。西班牙国防大臣玛加丽塔·罗夫莱斯对西班牙塞 尔广播电台表示，今年的火灾形势为该国二十年所未见。 在西班牙国家广播电视公司制作的一份24小时及48小时实时火点监控地图上，记者看到，表示起火点或 过火区域的红色圆圈几乎在西班牙全境不同程度地存在，在西葡两国交界处尤为密集。 另据葡萄牙自然与森林保护研究所统计，今年以来，葡萄牙发生多起野火，过火面积达20.1万公顷，已 超过去年全年。由于极端高温加剧野火风险，葡萄牙 ...

近几十年来，南极海域经历了一系列气候变化驱动的环境变迁。这些变化直接作用于海洋生态系 统，引发结构性响应。生物群落层面的反馈可能导致多样性格局变动，包括物种分布范围变化等。当 前，气候变化影响在西南极海域显著而在东南极较弱，呈现空间异质性，但其效应预计将从西南极向东 南极延展，进而引发大尺度时空范围内的南极鱼类多样性格局变化。 近日，自然资源部第三海洋研究所林龙山研究员课题组在国际期刊《多样性与分布》发表了题为 《气候变化对南极鱼类多样性的影响：基于eDNA宏条形码的环南极评估》的研究论文。该研究聚焦南 极鱼类这一重要生态类群，在国际上首次报道了亚南极鱼类分布范围南扩至南极海域的证据。这一发现 可能是气候变化影响的关键信号，预示南极海洋生态系统的长期演变趋势。 eDNA和底拖网采样站位示意图 研究团队依托中国第37次南极科学考察航次（2020年~2021年），同步采集了南极半岛周边海域、 阿蒙森海-别林斯高晋海等西南极与普里兹湾-合作海、宇航员海等东南极典型海域的鱼类生物和eDNA 样品，率先实现了环南极尺度鱼类多样性格局的eDNA宏条形码评估分析。研究揭示了阿蒙森海-别林斯 高晋海潜在鱼类多样性热点及亚南极 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the severe wildfire crisis in Spain and Portugal this year, with Spain requesting EU assistance for the first time in history due to unprecedented wildfire damage and fatalities [1][3]. Group 1: Wildfire Impact - Spain has experienced record-breaking wildfires, affecting approximately 380,000 hectares, the highest since records began in 2006, resulting in 3 deaths and additional fatalities among firefighters [2]. - Portugal has also faced significant wildfires, with over 201,000 hectares burned this year, surpassing the total for the previous year, prompting a national state of alert due to extreme heat [2]. Group 2: EU Response - Spain's government requested international aid through the EU Civil Protection Mechanism, marking the first such request since its establishment in 2001, leading to the deployment of firefighting aircraft and teams from various EU countries [3]. - Multiple countries, including France, Italy, and Germany, have provided ground technical support and firefighting equipment to assist Spain in combating the wildfires [3]. Group 3: Climate Change Factors - The article discusses the role of climate change, noting that Europe is warming at twice the global average rate since the 1980s, contributing to increased wildfire risks [5]. - The EU has reported that the total area burned across Europe this year is approximately 895,000 hectares, significantly higher than the 213,000 hectares recorded in the same period last year, with carbon emissions estimated at 31.9 million tons, nearly three times last year's figures [5].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the importance of green development and cooperation between China and Europe in addressing climate change, highlighting mutual interests and collaboration opportunities [1][2] - The Chinese government expresses its commitment to energy transition and green low-carbon development, aligning with international climate governance frameworks such as the Paris Agreement [2] - Notable projects like Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station, Greece's Thrace Wind Farm, and Germany's Düren Solar Park are cited as emblematic outcomes of China-Europe green cooperation [1] Group 2 - The Sina Finance ESG Rating Center is introduced as the first Chinese ESG professional information and rating aggregation platform, promoting sustainable development and responsible investment [3] - The center aims to enhance ESG assessment standards and ratings in China, providing innovative ESG indices for investors focused on corporate ESG performance [3] - The establishment of the China ESG Leaders Organization Forum is mentioned, which collaborates with leading ESG companies to develop a suitable ESG evaluation standard system for China [3]

Core Viewpoint - The current situation in the U.S. soybean industry is described as a "multiple disaster," with farmers facing unprecedented challenges due to trade policies, climate issues, and rising costs [1][3][5]. Trade Policy Impact - Since the trade war with China began in 2018, U.S. soybean exports to China have plummeted, with only 22.13 million tons expected in 2024 compared to China's total soybean imports of 105 million tons [1][3]. - The U.S. soybean association has highlighted that no other market can match China's demand, emphasizing the critical role of China in U.S. soybean exports [3]. Climate Challenges - Extreme weather conditions have exacerbated the difficulties faced by U.S. soybean farmers, with persistent rainfall leading to severe pest and disease issues [3][5]. - Farmers in states like Indiana and Ohio have reported significant seed losses due to flooding, forcing them to invest more in pest control [3]. Economic Pressures - The overall decline in the U.S. agricultural market, coupled with rising costs for seeds, fertilizers, and land, has created a dual pressure on farmers, making it difficult for many small farms to operate sustainably [5]. - Many farmers are reducing their investments in hopes of survival, which threatens future yield and quality, leading to a vicious cycle in the agricultural supply chain [5]. Government Response - The Trump administration's response to the crisis has been criticized as ineffective, with calls for China to resume soybean purchases lacking substantive measures to address the underlying issues [5][6]. - Reports indicate that Brazil is strengthening its agricultural cooperation with China, further jeopardizing the position of U.S. soybean farmers in the market [5]. Future Outlook - The future of U.S. agriculture, particularly for soybean farmers, is uncertain, with climate change and inadequate trade policies posing long-term challenges [6]. - There is a pressing need for practical policies and deeper international cooperation to address the agricultural crisis, which is vital for the overall economy [6].