Core Viewpoint - The establishment of a long-term factor comprehensive observation network by the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences aims to enhance agricultural production efficiency and support ecological low-carbon agriculture through systematic data collection and analysis [1][2]. Group 1: Long-term Observation and Research - Long-term observation is essential for understanding changes in agricultural production, soil improvement, low-carbon transformation, pest monitoring, and modernization of agriculture and rural areas [1]. - The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences has initiated the construction of a long-term factor comprehensive observation network to collect and analyze fundamental agricultural data [1]. Group 2: Existing Infrastructure and Future Plans - The network will leverage an existing system of 106 experimental bases to create a three-tier observation network covering the entire country, focusing on agricultural resources, ecology, biological disasters, and rural environments [2]. - Future efforts will address issues such as the insufficient return rate of livestock manure and straw, biodiversity protection, and the long-term evolution of agricultural ecological environments [2].