Group 1: Manufacturing PMI Overview - In January, the Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) was 49.3%, a decrease of 0.8 percentage points from the previous month, indicating a decline in manufacturing activity [1] - Large enterprises had a PMI of 50.3%, down 0.5 percentage points, while medium and small enterprises had PMIs of 48.7% and 47.4%, down 1.1 and 1.2 percentage points respectively, both below the critical point [1] - The production index was 50.6%, down 1.1 percentage points but still above the critical point, indicating continued expansion in manufacturing production [1] - The new orders index was 49.2%, down 1.6 percentage points, suggesting a slowdown in market demand for manufacturing [1] - The raw materials inventory index was 47.4%, down 0.4 percentage points, indicating a continued decrease in major raw material inventories [1] Group 2: Non-Manufacturing PMI Overview - In January, the Non-Manufacturing Business Activity Index was 49.4%, a decrease of 0.8 percentage points from the previous month [2] - The construction industry business activity index was 48.8%, down 4.0 percentage points, while the service industry business activity index was 49.5%, down 0.2 percentage points [2] - The new orders index for non-manufacturing was 46.1%, down 1.2 percentage points, indicating a decline in market demand [2] - The input prices index was 50.0%, down 0.2 percentage points, indicating stable input prices for non-manufacturing activities [3] - The sales prices index was 48.8%, up 0.8 percentage points, indicating a narrowing decline in overall sales prices [3] Group 3: Employment and Expectations - The employment index for manufacturing was 48.1%, down 0.1 percentage points, indicating a slight decline in employment conditions [2] - The employment index for non-manufacturing was 46.1%, stable compared to the previous month, indicating stable employment conditions [3] - The business activity expectation index for non-manufacturing was 56.0%, down 0.5 percentage points but still in a high optimism range [3] Group 4: Composite PMI Overview - The Composite PMI Output Index was 49.8% in January, down 0.9 percentage points, indicating a general slowdown in production and business activities compared to the previous month [5]

Group 1: Manufacturing PMI - In January, the Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) is at 49.3%, a decrease of 0.8 percentage points from the previous month, indicating a decline in manufacturing activity [3][6] - Large enterprises have a PMI of 50.3%, down 0.5 percentage points, remaining above the critical point; while medium and small enterprises have PMIs of 48.7% and 47.4%, down 1.1 and 1.2 percentage points respectively, both below the critical point [6] - The production index is at 50.6%, down 1.1 percentage points but still indicates expansion in manufacturing production [6] - The new orders index is at 49.2%, down 1.6 percentage points, suggesting a slowdown in market demand for manufacturing [6] - The raw materials inventory index is at 47.4%, down 0.4 percentage points, indicating a continued decrease in major raw material inventories [6] - The employment index is at 48.1%, down 0.1 percentage points, reflecting a slight decline in employment conditions in manufacturing [6][7] Group 2: Non-Manufacturing PMI - In January, the Non-Manufacturing Business Activity Index is at 49.4%, a decrease of 0.8 percentage points from the previous month [8] - The construction industry business activity index is at 48.8%, down 4.0 percentage points, while the service industry business activity index is at 49.5%, down 0.2 percentage points [8] - The new orders index for non-manufacturing is at 46.1%, down 1.2 percentage points, indicating a decline in market demand [8] - The input prices index is at 50.0%, down 0.2 percentage points, indicating stable input prices for non-manufacturing activities [8] - The sales prices index is at 48.8%, up 0.8 percentage points, indicating a narrowing decline in overall sales prices [9] - The employment index for non-manufacturing is at 46.1%, remaining stable, with the construction employment index at 41.1%, up 0.1 percentage points [10] Group 3: Composite PMI - The Composite PMI Output Index is at 49.8%, down 0.9 percentage points, indicating a general slowdown in production and business activities compared to the previous month [10]

国家统计局服务业调查中心 中国物流与采购联合会 一、中国制造业采购经理指数运行情况 1月份，制造业采购经理指数（PMI）为49.3%，比上月下降0.8个百分点，制造业景气水平有所回落。 从企业规模看，大型企业PMI为50.3%，比上月下降0.5个百分点，仍高于临界点；中、小型企业PMI分别为48.7%和47.4%，比上月下降1.1个和1.2个百分 点，低于临界点。 从分类指数看，在构成制造业PMI的5个分类指数中，生产指数和供应商配送时间指数均高于临界点，新订单指数、原材料库存指数和从业人员指数均低于 临界点。 生产指数为50.6%，比上月下降1.1个百分点，仍高于临界点，表明制造业生产活动保持扩张。 新订单指数为49.2%，比上月下降1.6个百分点，表明制造业市场需求有所放缓。 原材料库存指数为47.4%，比上月下降0.4个百分点，表明制造业主要原材料库存量继续减少。 从业人员指数为48.1%，比上月下降0.1个百分点，表明制造业企业用工景气度略有回落。 供应商配送时间指数为50.1%，比上月下降0.1个百分点，仍高于临界点，表明制造业原材料供应商交货时间持续加快。 表1 中国制造业PMI及构成指数（经季节 ...

Group 1 - The Hong Kong Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) decreased from 52.9 to 51.9 in December, remaining above 50 for five consecutive months, indicating an improving business environment [1] - Output and new orders continued to rise, although the growth rate slowed compared to the previous month, reflecting strong customer demand from both local and overseas markets [1] - Backlogs of orders expanded for the first time in a year, while input costs significantly increased, leading to the highest output prices in over two years [1] Group 2 - Private enterprises in Hong Kong have increased production for five consecutive months, with the overall growth being one of the highest in the past three years [1] - New orders have shown a consistent upward trend, with the growth rate aligning closely with output expansion, marking the second-highest level since May 2023 [1] - Companies expressed optimism about the local economy, resulting in the least negative outlook since July 2023, despite ongoing concerns about global economic conditions and tariff impacts [2]

Report Summary 1. Report's Industry Investment Rating - No industry investment rating is provided in the report. 2. Core Viewpoints - The rebound of the December PMI data needs further observation. Although the manufacturing PMI has unexpectedly rebounded, there are still potential risks, and policy support is required. The service industry has a slight rebound but remains in the contraction range, while the construction industry has significantly improved due to the release of the effects of stable - growth policies [3]. 3. Summary by Related Catalogs Manufacturing Industry - **Overall PMI**: In December, the manufacturing PMI was 50.1%, up 0.9 percentage points from the previous month, returning to the expansion range after eight months. Policy transmission lag, Spring Festival misalignment, and industry structure optimization are the main reasons for the unexpected rebound, but there are still problems such as the low - prosperity of small enterprises [3]. - **Production**: The December production index was 51.7%, up 1.7 percentage points from the previous value, indicating strong production resilience. The main reason for the sharp rebound is the Spring Festival misalignment, as the Spring Festival in 2026 is later than usual [4]. - **Demand**: The new order index was 50.8%, up 1.6 percentage points from the previous value, indicating a significant overall improvement in demand. The improvement in domestic demand is the core, and external demand maintains resilience. The increase in indices such as procurement volume, on - hand orders, finished - product inventory, and raw - material inventory supports the short - term recovery of demand [5]. - **Prices**: The raw material purchase price was 53.1%, still in the expansion range, and the ex - factory price index rose 0.7 percentage points to 48.9%. The "low - selling - price, high - cost" pattern restricts corporate profit repair and investment expansion willingness [6]. - **Enterprise Structure**: Large - and medium - sized enterprises and small enterprises, as well as high - tech and consumer goods industries and traditional industries, show significant differentiation. Large - scale enterprises support the overall improvement of the manufacturing industry, while small enterprises have a low prosperity level. High - tech manufacturing and consumer goods industries perform well, while some traditional industries face demand contraction pressure [8]. Service Industry - In December, the service industry prosperity index was 49.7%, up 0.2 percentage points from the previous month, but still in the contraction range for two consecutive months. The demand has increased, and the expectation has improved, but the price is weak. The lack of service repair power mainly comes from the transformation of traditional industries and the continuous adjustment of the real - estate market [9]. Construction Industry - The construction industry prosperity index increased significantly by 3.2 percentage points to 52.8%, mainly due to the lag effect of previous stable - growth policies, the relatively high temperature in southern provinces, and enterprises seizing the construction progress near the two festivals. Structurally, demand has improved at a low level, input prices are expanding, business activity expectations are optimistic, while sales prices and the employee index are weak [10].

Core Viewpoint - The overall economic sentiment in China is improving as indicated by the rise in the Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) across manufacturing and non-manufacturing sectors, suggesting a recovery in market demand and production activities [1][2][4]. Manufacturing Sector - In December 2025, the manufacturing PMI rose to 50.1%, an increase of 0.9 percentage points from the previous month, marking the first time it entered the expansion zone since April 2025 [1][2]. - The production index and new orders index were reported at 51.7% and 50.8%, respectively, with significant increases of 1.7 and 1.6 percentage points, indicating a strong recovery in market demand [2]. - The new export orders index increased by 1.4 percentage points to 49.0%, reflecting a positive shift in external trade conditions [2]. - The PMI for large enterprises reached 50.8%, up 1.5 percentage points, while medium-sized enterprises saw a rise to 49.8%. Small enterprises, however, experienced a decline to 48.6% [3]. Non-Manufacturing Sector - The non-manufacturing business activity index rose to 50.2%, an increase of 0.7 percentage points from the previous month, indicating improved sentiment in the service sector [4]. - The service sector PMI was reported at 49.7%, showing a slight recovery of 0.2 percentage points, with certain industries like telecommunications and financial services experiencing rapid growth [4]. Construction Sector - The construction PMI surged to 52.8%, a significant increase of 3.2 percentage points, returning to the expansion zone for the first time in five months, driven by new policy financial tools and favorable weather conditions [5]. - The business activity expectation index for the construction sector was reported at 57.4%, indicating optimism among construction enterprises regarding future developments [5]. Overall Economic Outlook - The comprehensive PMI output index reached 50.7%, indicating an overall expansion in production and business activities compared to the previous month [5]. - Analysts expect that the supportive measures for economic growth will continue to bolster the manufacturing sector, although consumer demand remains weak and requires further improvement [5].

Core Viewpoint - The Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) for December indicates a recovery in China's economic activity, with all three major indices entering the expansion zone for the first time since April [1][4]. Manufacturing Sector - The manufacturing PMI rose to 50.1%, an increase of 0.9 percentage points from the previous month, exceeding market expectations [7]. - The production index and new orders index were reported at 51.7% and 50.8%, respectively, both showing significant increases of 1.7 and 1.6 percentage points [7]. - The new export orders index increased by 1.4 percentage points to 49.0%, indicating a recovery in domestic demand [7]. - Large enterprises' PMI returned to the expansion zone at 50.8%, while medium-sized enterprises' PMI rose to 49.8%, and small enterprises' PMI fell to 48.6% [7]. Key Industries - High-tech manufacturing PMI reached 52.5%, up 2.4 percentage points, indicating positive growth trends [8]. - Equipment manufacturing and consumer goods industries both reported PMIs of 50.4%, entering the expansion zone [8]. - The construction industry PMI significantly increased to 52.8%, up 3.2 percentage points, marking a return to expansion after five months [15]. Non-Manufacturing Sector - The non-manufacturing business activity index was 50.2%, an increase of 0.7 percentage points from the previous month [12]. - The service sector PMI was reported at 49.7%, a slight increase of 0.2 percentage points, with certain sectors like telecommunications and financial services showing strong growth [12]. - The construction industry's business activity expectation index was 57.4%, indicating optimism among construction firms [16]. Overall Economic Outlook - The comprehensive PMI output index rose to 50.7%, indicating overall expansion in production and business activities compared to the previous month [16]. - The service sector's business activity expectation index increased to 56.4%, reflecting enhanced confidence in future market development [16].

Core Viewpoint - The S&P Global Australia Manufacturing PMI remains at 51.6 in December 2025, indicating continued expansion in the Australian manufacturing sector for the second consecutive month, although the rate of expansion has stabilized [1]. Group 1: Manufacturing Performance - The manufacturing sector in Australia shows growth in new orders and factory output in December, but the growth rate has slowed compared to November [2]. - Despite an increase in new orders, the overall growth is limited due to a weakening market environment, intensified competition, and weak overseas demand [2]. - New export orders have declined for the fourth consecutive month due to constrained budgets from overseas clients [2]. Group 2: Employment and Production - The increase in new orders and production demand has led to a rise in employment, reaching the highest growth rate in nine months [2]. - Unfinished work has decreased further, while input inventories have slightly declined for the third consecutive month [2]. Group 3: Cost and Pricing - Average input costs in the manufacturing sector have continued to rise, with the increase in costs accelerating compared to November due to higher material prices and transportation costs [2]. - Supplier delivery times have extended to the highest level since November 2024, attributed to supply shortages and delivery delays [2]. - Manufacturers have raised average product prices to pass on additional cost pressures, although the increase remains below long-term averages [2]. Group 4: Business Confidence - Business confidence in the Australian manufacturing sector remains positive, with expectations for new product launches and business expansion to drive sales and output growth in the next 12 months [3]. - Confidence levels have reached a four-month high, reflecting optimism about future production growth despite a slowdown in new orders and output growth [3].

Group 1: Manufacturing Sector - In December, the Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) rose to 50.1%, an increase of 0.9 percentage points from the previous month, marking the first time it has entered the expansion zone since April [8] - The production index reached 51.7%, up 1.7 percentage points, and the new orders index increased to 50.8%, up 1.6 percentage points, indicating significant improvement in manufacturing demand [8] - The new export orders index also improved to 49.0%, up 1.4 percentage points, suggesting a recovery in external demand [8] Group 2: Non-Manufacturing Sector - The Non-Manufacturing Business Activity Index rose to 50.2%, an increase of 0.7 percentage points, returning to the expansion zone [10] - The service sector's business activity index was at 49.7%, indicating it remains in the contraction zone despite a slight increase [11] - The construction sector showed improvement with a business activity index of 52.8%, up 3.2 percentage points, attributed to favorable weather and policy-driven infrastructure investments [12] Group 3: Economic Outlook - The overall economic activity in December showed signs of recovery, with both domestic and external demand improving due to effective growth stabilization policies [13] - The price indices showed mixed results, with the main raw material purchase price index decreasing by 0.5 percentage points to 53.1%, while the factory price index increased by 0.7 percentage points to 48.9%, indicating potential for improved corporate profits [9] - Looking ahead, the manufacturing PMI is expected to remain in the expansion zone into early 2026, supported by ongoing growth policies and a recovering market demand [13][14]

Group 1: PMI Overview - In December 2025, China's Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) rose to 50.1%, an increase of 0.9 percentage points from the previous month, marking a return to the expansion zone[4] - This is the first time in eight months that the PMI has returned to the expansion zone, indicating a significant reversal of the typical seasonal decline usually seen in December[4] - Key indicators showing unusual growth include the PMI Production Activity Expectation Index (up 2.8 percentage points), PMI Production Index (up 2.2 percentage points), and PMI Purchase Volume (up 1.8 percentage points) compared to historical averages[4] Group 2: Factors Influencing Expansion - The late timing of the Spring Festival this year led companies to adjust production schedules to avoid disruptions, resulting in a "production rush" phenomenon[4] - Inefficient low-cost production capacities have been curtailed, allowing high-efficiency and compliant enterprises to expand production as market conditions improve[4] - The price index reflects the deepening effects of "anti-involution" policies, with the PMI Raw Material Purchase Price Index decreasing by 0.5 percentage points while the PMI Factory Price Index increased by 0.7 percentage points[4] Group 3: Export and Non-Manufacturing Insights - The PMI New Export Orders Index increased by 1.4 percentage points in December, contrary to the typical seasonal decline, indicating enhanced resilience in Chinese exports[4] - The construction PMI surged by 3.2 percentage points to 52.8%, returning to the expansion zone, supported by new policy financial tools and project acceleration[4] - In contrast, the service sector PMI only slightly increased by 0.2 percentage points and remains in the contraction zone, highlighting uneven recovery in domestic consumption[4]