撰文丨王聪 编辑丨王多鱼 排版丨水成文 早在 20 世纪初， 威廉·科利 （William Coley） 率先通过癌症患者肿瘤内和全身注射培养的细菌，证明了细菌癌症免疫疗法的有效性和应用价值。如今，通过膀 胱内给药的 卡介苗 （BCG， 牛分枝杆菌的减毒活菌株 ） ，成为治疗非肌层浸润性膀胱癌的标准疗法，也是唯一获得美国 FDA 批准的细菌癌症疗法。 然而，将通过基因工程改造以表达肿瘤抗原的细菌作为癌症治疗性疫苗，其治疗效果喜忧参半，其中的细胞学机制仍有待揭示。 2025 年 6 月 5 日，加州大学伯克利分校的研究人员在 Cell 子刊 Immunity 上发表了题为： Cellular mechanisms underlying beneficial versus detrimental effects of bacterial antitumor immunotherapy 的研究论文。 该研究揭示了 细菌抗肿瘤免疫疗法 有益作用 （抗肿瘤） 与有害作用 （促肿瘤） 的细胞学机制。 出乎意料的是，单独瘤内注射 （i.t.） 该李斯特菌株 （Lm） ，可招募中性粒细胞进入肿瘤，使其转化为免疫抑制表型 ，形 ...

撰文丨王聪 编辑丨王多鱼 排版丨水成文 最近，关于 牛磺酸 的研究接连登上三大顶刊 Science 、 Cell 和 Nature ，这些研究揭示了 牛磺酸的新功 能—— 抗衰老 【1】 、 提高癌症治疗效果 【2】 、 抗肥胖 【3】 ，当然，也不都是好消息，今年 5 月份发 表在 Nature 上的一项则显示， 肿瘤微环境中的牛磺酸会促进白血病 【4】 。 2025 年 6 月 5 日，牛磺酸研究再次登上顶刊 Science ，来自美国国立卫生研究院国家老龄化研究所的研 究团队 ，发表了题为： Is taurine an aging biomarker? （牛磺酸是衰老标志物吗？） ， 直接质疑了牛磺 酸作为衰老的生物标志物的观点 【5】 。 该研究显示：1）成年期循环牛磺酸浓度不会随年龄增长而下降；2）个体间循环牛磺酸浓度的差异通常大 于其一生中的纵向变化，这限制了其作为衰老生物标志物的实用性；3）循环牛磺酸浓度与健康状况的功能 指标之间的关联取决于具体情境 （年龄、物种或队列） ——。 研究团队进一步得出结论—— 牛磺酸浓度与衰老之间没有明显关联，循环牛磺酸浓度也就不太可能成为一 种良好的衰老生物标志 ...

撰文丨王聪 编辑丨王多鱼 排版丨水成文 对 酪氨酸激酶抑制剂 （TKI） 的耐药性削弱了其在 肝细胞癌 （HCC） 中的临床疗效。由 相分离 （ Phase Separation ） 形成的 应激颗粒 （ Stress Granules ） 对于应激反应至关重要，并且可能与治疗抵抗有关，但其在肝细胞癌中的机制尚不清楚。 2025 年 6 月 4 日， 中国科学技术大学附属第一医院 （安徽省立医院） 刘连新 、 王继洲 、 宋瑞鹏 、 张树庚 、 王嘉倍 等人在 Nature 子刊 Nature Cancer 上发表了题为： RIOK1 phase separation restricts PTEN translation via stress granules activating tumor growth in hepatocellular carcinoma 的研究论文。 该研究表明 ， RIOK1 相分离通过应激颗粒限制 PTEN 翻译，促进肝细胞癌的肿瘤生长。 在这项最新研究中，研究团队通过筛选发现，非典型丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶 RIOK1 在肝细胞癌 （HCC） 中高表达，且与不良预后相关，并且在各种应 ...

Summary of IO Biotech (IOBT) Conference Call Company Overview - **Company**: IO Biotech - **Lead Product**: Silenbio (US brand name for IO102, IO103) - **Technology Platform**: TWAN technology platform, focusing on cancer vaccines Core Industry Insights - **Cancer Treatment Focus**: The company is targeting unmet medical needs in cancer treatment, specifically in melanoma, lung, and head and neck cancers - **Market Growth**: - Melanoma market projected to grow to $30 billion by 2030, with a 9% annual growth rate [12] - Lung cancer market projected to reach $60 billion by 2030, with a 10% annual growth rate [23] - Head and neck cancer market expected to grow to $5 billion by 2030, with a 6% annual growth rate [24] Key Product Insights - **Efficacy Data**: - Phase I/II trial showed an 80% overall response rate and a 25.5-month median progression-free survival (PFS) [9] - Phase III trial data expected in Q3 2025, with potential for a Biologics License Application (BLA) filing by the end of 2025 [10] - **Safety Profile**: The product candidates have shown a clear safety profile, allowing patients to remain on treatment longer [5][16] Pipeline Development - **Current Trials**: - Phase III trial with 407 patients randomized to receive either pembrolizumab alone or in combination with IO102 and IO103 [15] - Two Phase II basket trials in first-line solid tumors and perioperative settings [19] - **Future Targets**: - IO112 targeting arginase and IO170 targeting TGF beta are in development, with potential applications in harder-to-treat cancers [21] Market Positioning - **Unmet Needs**: - 50% of melanoma patients do not respond to current standard of care, and 50% of responders experience adverse events [13] - The company aims to address these gaps with its innovative treatment options [12][43] - **Launch Strategy**: Focus on top treaters in both academic and community settings to ensure broad access to the product [18] Competitive Landscape - **Standard of Care**: Current treatments like ipilimumab and nivolumab have a median PFS of 10-11 months, with safety concerns [48] - **Expectations from Key Opinion Leaders**: There is significant excitement and anticipation for the Phase III trial results, with expectations that Silenbio could become the new standard of care if it demonstrates superior efficacy and safety [47][49] Financial Position - **Cash Position**: The company has sufficient cash to support operations through Q2 2026, following recent funding activities [41] Conclusion - **Transformational Potential**: IO Biotech is positioned to potentially transform treatment paradigms in melanoma, lung, and head and neck cancers, with a strong pipeline and promising clinical data [43]

本报讯(记者张宣)近日，世和基因肿瘤早筛学术成果暨"金陵队列"研究数据发布会在南京举行。记者从 发布会上了解到，由世和基因主导的DECIPHER-Omnia万例多癌早筛研究成果已于5月29日发表于国际 顶级期刊《自然医学》上。 公开数据显示，目前我国每天确诊癌症的患者中，有80%的患者初诊已是中晚期，错过了最佳治疗时 期。癌症早筛早诊早治对挽救生命、减轻家庭和社会经济负担具有重要意义。目前癌症筛查方式普遍存 在侵入性强、依从性差、准确率低等缺陷，且推荐范围主要覆盖肺癌、乳腺癌、结直肠癌等少数癌种。 针对这一临床痛点，世和基因历经五年潜心研发，采用超低深度全基因组测序，联合AI专用大模型， 全面分析血液中游离的cfDNA片段大小、分布等多维特征，从中发现肿瘤特有信号，成功推出 MERCURY无创血检多癌早筛技术，仅需一管血即可筛查9种高发癌症，并能准确溯源患癌部位，从而 协助临床进行诊疗。 2022年，世和基因联合南京江北新区、南京医科大学共同发起肿瘤早筛公益科研项目"金陵队列"，目前 已为近1.5万名南京居民提供了2.5万人次全套免费体检。研究数据显示，相关检测特异性(真阴性率)为 98.1%，灵敏性(真阳性 ...

哪些饮食习惯"助长"食管癌？长期吃夜宵+熬夜对身体会造成什么样的危害？如何预防咽喉癌？17条防癌知识点，一起了解↓↓↓ ■吸烟增加患肺癌风险 烟草燃烧产生的焦油、尼古丁等有害物质，会直接损伤肺部细胞，导致基因突变。吸烟量越大、烟龄越长，肺癌风险越高。戒烟可显著降低患病概率。 ■碘摄入过多或过少都影响甲状腺健康 碘摄入过量（如长期大量吃海带）与甲状腺乳头状癌风险升高有关。有些人认为"少碘防癌"，长期食用无碘盐，但过度限碘并不能预防癌症，反而可能导致 甲状腺功能异常，严重缺碘还可能增加滤泡癌风险。适量碘摄入（如通过碘盐）通常安全，不会引发癌症。 ■肠癌"喜爱"高脂肪、低纤维饮食模式 高脂肪饮食容易刺激肠道产生胆酸及其他代谢物，这些物质可能损伤肠道上皮细胞并促使癌变；同时，低纤维饮食会减少粪便体积，降低肠道蠕动速度，延 长致癌物质在肠道内的停留时间。 ■肠癌是可防可治的慢性病 脂肪肝与肥胖、糖尿病等代谢问题相关，肝细胞长期被脂肪浸润会导致慢性炎症和纤维化。随着人口肥胖率上升，这类肝癌比例逐年增加，控制体重、调节 代谢至关重要。 ■吃夜宵+熬夜，胃癌风险高 长期熬夜打乱生物钟，影响胃肠道黏膜修复，造成内分泌和免疫系统 ...

撰文丨王聪 编辑丨王多鱼 排版丨水成文 癌症 是一组异质性疾病，其特征是恶性细胞不受控制地生长和扩散，逃脱了正常的检查和平衡机制。肿瘤的分子特征可用于临床干预，以实现个性化治疗。 癌症基因组图谱 （TCGA） 和国际癌症基因组联盟 （ICGC） 的大规模基因组学研究旨在编录主要的致癌基因组改变，并提供一份全面的癌症基因组特征"图 谱"。对 30 多种人类癌症的大规模队列进行广泛的基因组测序，并结合对单个癌症类型的综合分析以及全面的泛癌分析，揭示了细胞异常的非常复杂的图景，拓 展了当前对肿瘤发生机制的认识，并创新了分子诊断方法。尽管取得了这些进展，但要预测肿瘤中的基因组/表观基因组和转录组改变如何影响下游蛋白质的表达 和活性，仍颇具挑战性。 蛋白质 是细胞中的功能单位，也是大多数疗法的作用靶点。因此，仅依据基因组/表观基因组和转录组特征来选择靶向治疗，仍有改进空间。蛋白质组不仅能够拓 展我们对细胞动态分子行为的理解，帮助揭示癌症表型的形成机制，还可能改善诊断和治疗选择。然而，迄今为止，大多数癌症蛋白质组学研究都集中在单一癌 症类型上。 2025 年 5 月 29 日，阿姆斯特丹自由大学 Connie Jimen ...

Group 1 - The cancer prevention and treatment situation in China remains severe, with 4.82 million new cancer cases and 2.57 million deaths reported in 2022, indicating a diagnosis every minute and a death every 15 seconds [1] - The top five cancers in terms of new cases are lung cancer, colorectal cancer, thyroid cancer, liver cancer, and stomach cancer, which together account for 57.42% of new cases, highlighting key areas for cancer prevention [1] - Early detection significantly improves cure rates for cancers, particularly colorectal cancer, where the five-year survival rate is 91.8% if detected early, but drops to 10.8% if treatment is delayed [1] Group 2 - Nohui Health's Changweiqing is a non-invasive colorectal cancer screening product that requires only a stool sample, utilizing triple detection technology with a negative predictive value of 99.6% [3] - All commercialized products from Nohui Health are supported by extensive clinical data, ensuring their professionalism, compliance, reliability, and high recognition [3] - Changweiqing is the only product included in all national colorectal cancer screening and treatment guidelines in China, underscoring its significance in the market [3]

Summary of IO Biotech (IOBT) FY Conference Call - May 27, 2025 Company Overview - **Company**: IO Biotech (IOBT) - **Lead Asset**: Xilenvio (IL-102, IL-103) - **Focus**: Immuno-oncology, specifically targeting advanced melanoma Key Points Upcoming Data and Trials - **Pivotal Phase III Trial**: Expected readout in Q3 2025 for advanced melanoma patients, with 407 patients fully enrolled as of December 2023 [4][7] - **Primary Analysis**: Based on 226 progression-free survival (PFS) events, with a target of achieving this by Q3 2025 [10][11] - **Event Rate**: Slower than anticipated, leading to a revised guidance for PFS events [8][11] Trial Design and Expectations - **Trial Design**: Randomized 1:1 comparison of Xilenvio plus pembrolizumab (pembro) versus pembro alone [7][17] - **Response Rate**: Previous studies indicated an 80% response rate with 50% complete responses (CRs) and a median PFS of approximately 26 months [13] - **Statistical Power**: The study is powered at 89% with a hazard ratio of 0.65, indicating a 35% improvement in PFS over Keytruda [26][27] Safety and Efficacy - **Safety Profile**: Favorable safety profile with no significant added systemic toxicity compared to pembrolizumab [31][32] - **PD-L1 Status**: The trial includes both PD-L1 positive and negative patients, which may provide a broader efficacy profile compared to emerging treatments that target only PD-L1 negative patients [40] Financial Position - **Cash Position**: Ended Q1 2025 with over €37 million, with a recent drawdown of €10 million from a financing tranche [63][64] - **Future Financing**: Eligible for additional tranches totaling €20 million, contingent on product approval [65][66] Manufacturing and Logistics - **Manufacturing**: Secured manufacturing capabilities in Europe with multiple suppliers for drug substance and product [44][46] - **Adjuvant Used**: Monostinide, which allows for slow release of antigens upon injection [49] Future Developments - **Neoadjuvant Melanoma Study**: Preliminary data expected by the end of 2025, focusing on major pathological response (MPR) as a primary endpoint [74][76] - **Head and Neck Cancer Data**: Encouraging response rates observed, with updates on PFS and durability expected in the second half of 2025 [61][62] Regulatory Interactions - **FDA Communication**: Ongoing interactions with the FDA, including feedback and review meetings, with breakthrough status confirmed [58][59] Additional Insights - **Market Context**: The competitive landscape in immuno-oncology is evolving, with IO Biotech positioning itself to address both PD-L1 positive and negative patient populations [40][78] - **Clinical Relevance**: Emphasis on not just statistical significance but also clinical relevance and quality of life for patients [31][32] This summary encapsulates the critical aspects of IO Biotech's current status, upcoming milestones, and strategic positioning within the immuno-oncology sector.

Summary of Boundless Bio (BOLD) Update / Briefing May 27, 2025 Company Overview - **Company**: Boundless Bio (BOLD) - **Focus**: Development of therapies for oncogene amplified cancers, particularly through the study of extrachromosomal DNA (e cDNA) biology [5][6] Key Industry Insights - **Industry Context**: The biotechnology sector is facing challenges in securing funding and establishing differentiation due to a proliferation of competitor compounds [38] - **Market Considerations**: The company is prioritizing first-in-class drugs against innovative biological targets to maintain a competitive edge [38] Core Points and Arguments 1. **Portfolio Prioritization**: Boundless Bio has decided to discontinue all current arms of the BBI-355 clinical trial due to clinical observations and market considerations, shifting focus to a new trial arm evaluating BBI-355 in combination with BBI-825 [3][4] 2. **Workforce Reduction**: The company has streamlined operations, reducing its workforce by approximately 20 positions, representing about one-third of its staff, to extend its cash runway into the first half of 2028 [4][36] 3. **Development Candidates**: BBI-940 has been declared a development candidate for the novel kinesin oral degrader program, with an IND filing expected in the first half of 2026 [4][36] 4. **Clinical Findings**: BBI-355 has shown evidence of anti-tumor activity but has a narrow therapeutic index due to on-target hematologic toxicity, leading to the decision not to advance certain clinical arms [12][14] 5. **Combination Therapy Rationale**: The combination of BBI-355 and BBI-825 is believed to provide synergistic anti-tumor activity while minimizing hematologic toxicity, with plans to initiate clinical development in 2025 [28][29] Additional Important Content - **Scientific Basis**: The company has developed a proprietary SpyGlass platform to identify new targets in e cDNA biology, leading to the discovery of three druggable targets that may be synthetic lethal in oncogene amplified tumors [5][6] - **Clinical Strategy**: The combination of BBI-355 and BBI-825 is expected to leverage the unique mechanisms of both drugs, potentially overcoming the limitations observed when each is used independently [20][28] - **Preclinical Data**: BBI-940 has demonstrated potent anti-tumor activity in preclinical models, with favorable pharmacokinetics and oral bioavailability [33][34] - **Future Outlook**: The company is focused on achieving important clinical readout milestones and believes it is uniquely positioned with proprietary selective inhibitors [39][70] Financial Guidance - **Cash Runway**: The changes in operations and portfolio prioritization are expected to extend the company's cash runway into the first half of 2028, aligning with anticipated clinical readouts [36][37]