Group 1 - The French dairy industry is facing significant challenges due to China's recent imposition of temporary anti-subsidy tariffs on dairy products, which range from 21.9% to 42.7% [4][6] - The tariffs are a response to the European Union's subsidies that have allowed French dairy products to enter the Chinese market at lower prices, thereby threatening local Chinese producers [4][6] - The French dairy sector, which is crucial for millions of workers, is likely to experience severe economic repercussions, leading to potential protests from farmers who are already dissatisfied with government policies [6][9] Group 2 - The French government, under President Macron, has been criticized for its inconsistent trade policies, simultaneously courting investment from China while supporting EU measures against Chinese products [3][7] - The EU's investigation into Chinese electric vehicles and the subsequent high tariffs planned for 2025 reflect a protectionist stance that may harm European industries in the long run [4][9] - Other European countries, such as Germany and Spain, have recognized the benefits of cooperation with China, contrasting with France's approach, which may lead to missed opportunities for economic growth [7][9]

Core Viewpoint - In 2025, despite global trade protectionism, China's foreign trade demonstrated resilience with export growth and an optimized trade structure, showcasing the strength of China's supply chain [3][4]. Group 1: Trade Performance - In 2025, China's exports experienced a surge, with a notable increase in non-U.S. market exports effectively offsetting declines in exports to the U.S. [5][6]. - China's goods trade maintained a year-on-year growth for 10 consecutive months since February 2025, with a record-breaking import and export scale exceeding 41 trillion yuan [6]. - The export share of China in global markets reached a historical high of 14.2% in the first half of 2025, with a steady increase in export growth rates throughout the year [6]. Group 2: Policy Support and Economic Outlook - The Chinese government is enhancing policy support for foreign trade enterprises, aiming for sustained growth and structural optimization in foreign trade [7][8]. - The release of policy dividends from the Hainan Free Trade Port and the reduction of the negative list for market access are expected to further bolster foreign trade [8]. - The 2025 version of the Market Access Negative List has been optimized, reducing the number of items from 117 to 106, which is anticipated to strengthen foreign investment [10]. Group 3: Foreign Investment Confidence - Multinational companies are increasingly confident in investing in China, shifting their focus from mere expansion to profitability through local innovation and digital investment [9]. - A significant 94% of surveyed multinational companies continue to invest in China, with 75% planning to maintain or increase their investments in 2025 [9].

这条禁令看起来对世界各国一视同仁，实际上主要针对中国。据统计，中国占据了全球民用无人机70% 到80%的市场份额，美国消费市场上90%、工业市场上70%的无人机产自中国，主要来自大疆。除整机 外，电机、电池、传感器等全球民用无人机零部件的最主要产地也是中国。英国皇家联合军种国防研究 所估计，中国供应了全球民用中小型无人机市场80%的整机和零部件。美国有线电视新闻网评论称， FCC此项决定，标志着"美国多年来打击中国无人机的努力达到了顶峰"。 所谓"国家安全风险"，只是美国为封禁中国新型无人机产品找的一个借口。多年来，以大疆为代表的中 国无人机产品已经通过全球多家权威机构的安全性检测。2018年，美国基伍咨询公司测试发现，大疆用 户的数据隐私受到了保护。2019年，美国内务部对大疆政府版无人机进行了15个月的测试，最终肯定了 大疆的数据安全方案。2020年，博思艾伦咨询公司测试了多款大疆政府版和企业版无人机，结果也表明 其数据是安全的。同年，FTI咨询公司对大疆软硬件进行了网络安全审查，也没有发现问题。2022年， 德国南德意志集团测试多款大疆无人机，发现其具备全面的安全功能，符合美国和欧盟的网络安全标 准。 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Irish Prime Minister Micheál Martin refuted claims by a senior military officer that China is a "hostile actor" and emphasized the importance of understanding China's long-term strategic considerations [1][2] Group 1: Ireland's Position on China - Martin stated that China will be a significant global power in the long term and has never initiated a war in modern history [1] - He highlighted the need for a deeper understanding of China's principles and strategic considerations, despite recent security assessments from the EU and the UK regarding China [1] Group 2: Economic Cooperation and Trade - Martin advocated for a "rebalancing" of Ireland's relationship with China, suggesting that Ireland should actively cooperate with China and promote local products in Asian markets [2] - He called for enhanced domestic chip manufacturing capabilities in the tech sector, while rejecting isolationist strategies as completely erroneous [2]

央视网消息：12月24日，《鼓励外商投资产业目录（2025年版）》正式发布。此次新版鼓励目录，总条目共1679条，与2022年版相比 净增加205条、修改303条。新版鼓励目录主要的变化，体现在引导外商投资先进制造业，引导外商投资聚焦现代服务业，以及引导外 商投资中西部地区、东北地区和海南省。怎么看待新版目录的变化？背后反映了什么？又能给我们更大力度吸引外资，发挥怎样的促 进作用？《新闻1+1》连线对外经济贸易大学教授屠新泉，带来分析解读。 新版目录三大核心变化 如何解读？ 对外经济贸易大学教授 屠新泉：我们利用外资，应该说现在关注的重点已经不是数量，而是质量，所以布局和结构应该说是更关注 的一个方面，这次鼓励目录就从产业的角度，强调了先进制造业和现代服务业。从区域的角度，强调了中西部地区、东北地区，包括 海南省，这种导向一方面是国家的引导，国家希望这些外资能够往这些产业，往这些地区去发展，这些产业和地区应该说是我们国家 经济发展、产业发展的重点。 现代服务业哪些领域 迫切需要引进外资？ 对外经济贸易大学教授 屠新泉：主要是两个方向，一个是生产性的服务业，或者说主要服务于企业的服务业，在这方面，应该说我 们国 ...

Group 1 - The European Union faced significant pressure on December 23, 2025, from China, Brazil, and the United States, leading to a tense atmosphere in Brussels [1][3] - China announced temporary anti-subsidy tariffs on EU dairy products, ranging from 21.9% to 42.7%, citing substantial damage to its domestic industry due to EU subsidies [3][5] - France, as the largest exporter of dairy products within the EU, is particularly affected, with a market share of 37%, raising concerns about the impact on its agricultural sector [3][5] Group 2 - French President Macron's immediate response was to convene an emergency meeting with EU member states, labeling China's actions as "unacceptable" and pushing for a unified EU response [5][7] - The EU's internal unity is challenged as key member states like Germany and the Netherlands are less affected by the tariffs, leading to differing positions on how to respond [8][9] - Brazil's President Lula issued an ultimatum regarding a long-stalled trade agreement with the EU, highlighting the EU's struggle with trade negotiations and its protectionist tendencies [8][9] Group 3 - On the same day, the U.S. imposed sanctions on former EU officials, signaling a stark warning against EU regulatory autonomy, particularly regarding the Digital Services Act [11][13] - The EU's response to U.S. sanctions was weak and divided, with leaders expressing outrage but failing to implement any substantial countermeasures [13][15] - The economic challenges faced by the EU, including Germany's declining growth and high public debt, exacerbate its diplomatic struggles and hinder cohesive strategic responses [15]

作者 | 第一财经 潘寅茹 行至年末，全球贸易交出了怎样的答卷？ 2025.12. 25 本文字数：2488，阅读时长大约4分钟 12月以来，多个国际组织与国际金融机构在最新发布的报告中总结了今年全球贸易与经济的发展状况，并 就2026年的发展趋势作出了研判。 联合国贸发会议（UNCTAD）在年终题为《贸易、金融与全球经济重塑》的报告中提到，尽管受到地缘政 治紧张局势、贸易成本上升、全球需求不平衡等因素影响，今年全球贸易仍有望首次突破35万亿美元，与 去年相比增幅约为2.2万亿美元，增速约为7%。其中，货物贸易与服务贸易分别预计增长约1.5万亿美元和 7500亿美元，较2024年增幅分别为6.3%和8.8%。 同时，世界银行（WB）、国际货币基金组织（IMF）等在年末报告的展望中均表示，当前全球经济正处于 关键转折点，贸易与金融体系失衡、政策波动及气候危机等多重因素相互交织，给全球发展带来严峻挑 战，需要各国加强政策协调与合作，共同应对全球性挑战，推动经济朝着更加稳定、可持续的方向发展。 人工智能引领全球贸易 美国特朗普政府的关税政策无疑是今年贸易领域的焦点之一。上述报告均认为，正是由于美国政府关税政 策的反 ...

Group 1 - The report highlights that global trade is expected to exceed $35 trillion for the first time this year, with an increase of approximately $2.2 trillion compared to last year, representing a growth rate of about 7% [1] - The growth in global merchandise trade is projected to be around $1.5 trillion, while service trade is expected to grow by $750 billion, with respective growth rates of 6.3% and 8.8% compared to 2024 [1] - UNCTAD's report indicates that manufacturing, particularly in electronics, is leading the growth in global trade, while the energy and automotive sectors are experiencing relatively weak growth [2] Group 2 - The "Global Economic Policy Uncertainty Index" from UNCTAD has surpassed 500, reaching a 20-year high, indicating significant uncertainty in trade policies due to the U.S. government's fluctuating tariff policies [2] - The World Bank reports that global trade policy uncertainty has reached a historical peak since 2000, which has led many companies to expedite shipments to avoid tariff risks, thereby depleting future demand [2] - The forecast for global goods trade growth has declined, with a predicted increase of only 0.6% in the fourth quarter of this year, following a peak growth rate of 3.6% in the second quarter [2] Group 3 - UNCTAD predicts that by 2033, the global AI market size will surge from $189 billion in 2023 to $4.8 trillion, with a growth rate of 25 times over the next decade [3] - AI is expected to significantly enhance global trade and GDP growth, with trade potentially increasing by 34% to 37% and GDP growing by 12% to 13% by 2040, depending on policy and technological advancements [3] - The World Bank warns of the risks of imbalanced AI development, particularly affecting the economic transformation of developing countries [3]

全球贸易圈最近被一则消息搅动：墨西哥敲定了明年起对包括中国在内的多个亚洲国家加征关税的政策，税率最高能到50%。 这波操作明眼人都能看出，是照着美国的贸易保护路子学来的，但想靠这种方式保护本土产业，大概率是竹篮打水。 更值得关注的是，这波关税已经提前引发中国对墨出口的下滑，而早有准备的中国龙头企业，正靠着在海外布局的工厂逆势突围，把贸易壁垒变成了产业升 级的契机。 参议院以76票赞成、5票反对、35票弃权的结果，通过了一项新的进出口关税法案。 按照这个法案，从2026年1月1日开始，墨西哥要对汽车、汽车零件、纺织品、家电、钢铁这些常见商品加征关税，税率从5%到50%不等。 大部分商品的税率都定在了35%，算下来，这次加税涉及大约1400种商品，而没和墨西哥签自由贸易协定的中国，成了主要针对对象之一。 墨西哥政府给出的理由很直白，说是为了支持本土产业发展，但稍微了解全球经济的人都知道，这其实是在照抄美国的加税药方。 近年来，美国一直在给墨西哥施压，要求它堵住其他国家商品通过墨西哥转口进入北美市场的通道。 再加上墨西哥自身经济压力不小，2025年三季度经济增速已经由正转负，央行把全年经济增长预期从0.6%降到了0 ...

Core Viewpoint - In 2025, despite global trade protectionism, China's foreign trade demonstrated resilience with export growth and an optimized trade structure, showcasing the strength and adaptability of China's supply chain [1][4]. Group 1: Trade Performance - In 2025, China's exports experienced a series of peaks, with "export grabbing" becoming a norm under tariff pressures [2]. - Since February 2025, China's goods trade has maintained a year-on-year growth for 10 consecutive months, with exports accounting for 14.2% of global exports in the first half of the year, a historical high [4]. - The total import and export scale exceeded 41 trillion yuan in the first 11 months, marking a historical record [4]. Group 2: Policy and Economic Outlook - The Chinese government continues to prioritize opening up as a fundamental national policy, with expectations for foreign trade to maintain steady growth driven by high-level openness and new economic drivers in 2026 [1][5]. - The release of the 2025 version of the Market Access Negative List reduced the number of items from 117 to 106, enhancing the investment environment for both domestic and foreign entities [7]. Group 3: Foreign Investment Confidence - Multinational companies are increasingly confident in investing in China, with 94% of surveyed companies continuing to invest in the Chinese market, and 75% planning to maintain or increase their investments in 2025 [6]. - The shift from being a "world factory" to a "global innovation center" is creating unprecedented opportunities for multinational enterprises in China [6][7].