当地时间11月22日深夜，在延期一天之后，第30届联合国气候变化大会（COP30）终于在巴西亚马孙雨林城市贝伦落下帷幕。 此次会议正值《巴黎协定》达成十周年之际，也是在气候危机核心区域首次举行的气候大会。本次大会承受着巨大的政治压力与全球期待，各方 围绕资金、能源转型、贸易与国际合作等关键议题展开激烈博弈。 11月21日，代表参加在巴西贝伦举行的《联合国气候变化框架公约》第三十次缔约方大会（COP30）。 值得注意的是，本届大会历史性地首次出现美国联邦政府缺席的局面。随着特朗普政府今年1月宣布第二次退出《巴黎协定》，美国不仅未派代表 出席，其或长期缺位也令全球气候治理前景蒙上一层阴影。尽管美国地方政府、商界与高校代表仍然大量到场力图填补联邦层面的空白，但在资 金承诺、政治协调与国际规则谈判方面，美国缺席的影响已经清晰显现，并成为本届大会最受讨论的结构性变量。 大会临近闭幕之际，在关于能源转型路线图、反对单边气候贸易措施、推动全球南方诉求等关键议题上，中国的立场和行动备受外界关切。智通 财经（www.thepaper.cn）再次独家专访了中国气候变化事务特使刘振民。 美国缺席：对COP30谈判格局与资金议题的冲 ...

中新网11月23日电综合美国广播公司(ABC)等外媒报道，当地时间22日，二十国集团(G20)领导人第二 十次峰会在南非约翰内斯堡开幕。南非国际关系与合作部长罗纳德·拉莫拉表示，与会各方已就会议核 心议程达成共识，并通过《二十国集团领导人约翰内斯堡峰会宣言》。 报道提到，特朗普是此次峰会中唯一缺席的G20成员国元首，他此前曾敦促多国元首不要签署峰会联合 宣言。 图片来源：美国广播公司(ABC) "美方缺席不影响共识达成" 据报道，这是G20峰会首次于开幕当日通过联合宣言。报道称，此举被广泛视为对拒绝与会并反对签署 联合声明的美国总统特朗普的一次集体回应。 报道提到，会议前夕，美国驻南非大使馆照会南非政府，重申美方不会参加此次峰会，并反对在未经美 方同意下"以二十国集团共识为前提发表任何峰会成果文件"。 南非政府随即表示，美方已因抵制峰会而失去"发言"资格，南非不会屈服于美方胁迫。 "声明与美政策形成鲜明对比" 据报道，峰会宣言共包含122条内容，强调通过多边合作应对全球挑战，并呼吁加强对发展中国家的支 持，以推动包容性增长与可持续发展。 报道称，联合声明多次提及气候变化、净零排放目标以及《巴黎协定》。特朗普曾 ...

在增加气候融资和摆脱化石燃料方面，富裕的西方国家、石油生产国和最易受气候变化影响的小国等谈判集团之间存在错综复杂的矛盾分 歧。 当地时间11月10日至21日，《联合国气候变化框架公约》第三十次缔约方大会（简称"第30届联合国气候变化大会"，COP30）在巴西举 行。今年的会议正值《巴黎协定》签订十周年，被认为是全球气候行动的关键时刻。 此次会议聚焦气候融资、减排、适应能力及气候韧性等关键议题的谈判，近200个国家的领导人、政策制定者、科学家及民间社会代表齐 聚一堂，用近两周时间共同推进《巴黎协定》目标并加速气候解决方案的有效落实。不过，鉴于当前的地缘政治逆风，这将极具挑战性。 11月4日，在巴西北部帕拉州贝伦市，行人从贝伦城市公园外《联合国气候变化框架公约》第三十次缔约方大会（COP30）的标识前经过。图片来 源：新华社 1.5°C底线难达 此次，巴西选择贝伦作为COP30的举办地具有象征意义。这座城市素有"亚马逊门户"之称，其目的在于唤起人们对这片广袤雨林所面临的 生存危机的关注。 森林保护是本次峰会的重中之重。巴西力图将此次峰会打造成"亚马逊气候大会"，该国总统卢拉希望筹集1250亿美元设立专项基金，用于 ...

《巴黎协定》的确为全球气候治理带来了极大改善。巴西当地时间11月18日，正在巴西举行的《联 合国气候变化框架公约》第三十次缔约方大会（COP30）出具了一份主席国磋商草案，指出十年前 研究机构预测全球气温将升高超过4°C，但在全面实施"国家自主贡献"情况下，如今升温范围已降至 1.9-2.6°C，这意味着《巴黎协定》成功改变了升温曲线，将世界从气候灾难的边缘拉回。 但不得不承认的一点是，从这一届气候大会上，我们看到了全球气候治理陷入动力不足的困境。特朗 普的频繁退群与欧洲的犹疑是这一困境后不可忽视的因素。 "特朗普的回归，恰逢国际气候合作的一个困难时刻。按照既定节奏，各国应在今年提交新的一轮 NDC，在其中明确面向2035年的气候行动计划。这是COP30周期内最重要的工作之一，"绿色和平东 亚分部全球政策顾问姚喆告诉虎嗅：" 但即使巴西总统多次亲自出面动员，今年各国的提交进度仍然 滞后， 目前仍有近半数的国家没有提交，而一贯在气候议题上起带头作用的欧盟，这次也拖到最后 一刻才形成共识。" 地缘政治分裂、经济前景不确定、气候资金短缺、现有行动与目标差距巨大，在这些问题共同存在的 背景下，这次COP30要讨论什么 ...

Core Viewpoint - The 30th Conference of the Parties (COP30) in Belém, Brazil, emphasizes the need for global cooperation to address climate change, accelerate emission reductions, and promote an inclusive and just transition [6][9]. Group 1: Climate Agreements and Actions - The Paris Agreement, reached 10 years ago, has successfully reduced the projected global temperature rise from over 4°C to between 2.1°C and 2.8°C by the end of the century [6]. - China has consistently advocated for multilateralism and has made significant contributions to the implementation of the Paris Agreement, showcasing its commitment to global climate governance [7][17]. - China has set ambitious national contributions, including a target for carbon intensity reduction by 2020 and a commitment to achieve peak carbon emissions before 2030, followed by a goal for carbon neutrality by 2060 [10][11]. Group 2: International Cooperation and Support - China has mobilized over 177 billion RMB for climate change South-South cooperation projects, supporting more than 120 developing countries through training and capacity-building initiatives [14][16]. - The "African Light Belt" project exemplifies China's efforts to provide clean energy solutions to developing nations, significantly improving energy access in countries like São Tomé and Príncipe [14]. - China plays a crucial role in facilitating climate funding negotiations, addressing the funding obligations of developed countries under the Paris Agreement, and providing financial support to developing nations [16]. Group 3: Technological Innovation and Green Transition - China aims to achieve a 19.8% share of non-fossil energy in primary energy consumption by 2024, ahead of its 2030 targets, and has become a leader in renewable energy production and electric vehicle sales [11]. - The establishment of a national carbon trading market covering over 60% of carbon emissions demonstrates China's commitment to innovative solutions for reducing emissions [11]. Group 4: Leadership in Climate Negotiations - China has been instrumental in coordinating negotiations at climate conferences, often serving as a bridge between different parties to facilitate consensus [15][16]. - The country has taken on leadership roles in various negotiation topics, including climate finance and technology transfer, reinforcing its position as a key player in global climate governance [16].

外媒聚焦COP30：中国贡献至关重要 中新网11月10日电 当地时间11月10日，《联合国气候变化框架公约》第三十次缔约方大会(COP30)在巴 西贝伦开幕。此次大会吸引全球目光，国际舆论指出，在当今的国际形势下，COP是应对日趋严峻的全 球气候变暖的重要平台，而中国所做出的努力与贡献至关重要。 美国政治新闻网(Politico)在报道中关注到中国在绿色供应链上的关键角色，指出中国已经建立了世界上 规模最大的太阳能电池板、电动汽车、电池及关键矿产等对全球经济绿色转型至关重要的产品生产线。 联合国官网介绍称，全球的领导人、科学家、非政府组织及民间社会代表齐聚一堂，讨论应对气候变化 的优先行动。此次会议重点聚焦将全球气温升幅限制在1.5℃以内所需的努力、提交新的国家行动计划 (国家自主贡献)以及在缔约方会议第二十九届会议上所作的融资承诺的进展情况。 英国《金融时报》从气候治理的财政基础角度报道，联合国气候部门于德国波恩达成协议，建议在 2026-27年度将预算增加10%至8150万欧元，这一增资的实现得益于中国同意将其贡献份额从15%提升至 20%。 新加坡《联合早报》进一步分析了中国的减排承诺，指出中国最新提出 ...

NDC交卷之年美国缺席 当前，科学界警示，全球气温正朝着暂时突破《巴黎协定》设定的1.5℃升温上限的方向发展。 在此背景下，COP30不仅将评估各国在减缓与适应行动中的集体进展，也将决定全球能否把"1.5摄氏度 目标"从科学共识转化为务实行动。 这也是此次COP30选择在世界最大热带雨林边缘召开会议的原因之一：亚马孙既是关键的碳汇，也是应 对森林砍伐和气候变化的前沿地带。 这是美方自1995年以来，首次缺席COP会议。 全球各地的外交官和气候专家正前往位于巴西北部亚马孙雨林地区的贝伦市，参加联合国气候谈判最新 一轮会议——《联合国气候变化框架公约》第30次缔约方大会（COP30），不过这些外交官中没有美方 高级官员。 当地时间11月10日，COP30开幕。一方面，今年是《巴黎协定》达成10周年，也是协定要求各协约方 提交新一轮、国家自主贡献（NDC）的"交卷之年"；另一方面，此前白宫发言人已经证实，美国不会 派高级代表参加COP30，这也是美方自1995年以来，首次缺席COP会议。 自然资源保护协会（NRDC）国际项目高级副总裁达格内特（Yamide Dagnet）对第一财经记者表示，尽 管全球合作面临压力， ...

Group 1 - The COP30 will take place in Belem, Brazil from November 10 to 21, with around 60,000 participants discussing key issues such as greenhouse gas reduction, climate adaptation, climate financing, renewable energy development, and biodiversity protection [1][2] - The event is seen as a critical juncture for global climate governance, with expectations for it to be a significant step towards the full implementation of the Paris Agreement [1] - The two-day Belem Climate Summit preceding COP30 will emphasize the urgency of climate action, with UN Secretary-General António Guterres warning that the climate crisis is accelerating and urging countries to enhance their commitments [1][2] Group 2 - This year marks the 10th anniversary of the Paris Agreement, and countries are submitting new national contributions, with China having submitted its 2035 targets aligned with the agreement [2] - Energy transition is a focal point of COP30, with global investments in renewable energy reaching $2 trillion in 2023, double that of fossil fuels, and 90% of new power capacity coming from renewables [2] - The COP30 will be the first meeting held in the Amazon region, highlighting Brazil's commitment to rainforest protection, with the launch of the "Forever Tropical Rainforest Fund" supported by 53 countries [3] Group 3 - The conference aims to strengthen the implementation of the Paris Agreement and expand participation, with a focus on innovation in specific areas [3] - China plans to host numerous seminars on topics such as ecological development and energy transition, showcasing its policies and actions in response to climate change [3]

Core Points - The 30th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP30) will be held in Belem, Brazil from November 10 to 21 [2] - André Correa do Lago, the incoming president of COP30, emphasized the need for enhanced cooperation among governments and institutions to address climate change, highlighting three priority areas for the conference [1] Group 1 - The conference aims to strengthen multilateralism and climate mechanisms under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change [1] - There is a need to connect climate mechanisms with people's daily lives and the real economy [1] - The implementation of the Paris Agreement will be accelerated [1] Group 2 - Recent reports indicate a lack of ambition, funding, and technology in the international community's response to climate change [1] - The commitment to multilateralism and the Paris Agreement remains strong among various delegations [1] - The expectation is to move from negotiation to coordinated implementation of climate governance on the 10th anniversary of the Paris Agreement [1]

Core Viewpoint - The Belem Climate Summit emphasizes the urgent need for global unity and accelerated action to address the climate crisis, setting the stage for the upcoming COP30 negotiations [1][2]. Group 1: Summit Objectives and Themes - The Belem Climate Summit, hosted by Brazil, aims to provide political direction for the upcoming COP30 negotiations, focusing on key topics such as climate and nature, energy transition, the assessment of the Paris Agreement's ten-year progress, national contributions, and climate financing [1]. - UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres expressed the hope that COP30 will mark a turning point in the fight against the climate crisis, stressing the necessity for faster and more effective actions, particularly from wealthier nations [1]. Group 2: Statements from Leaders - Brazilian President Lula highlighted that accelerating energy transition and protecting nature are the two most effective ways to combat global warming, advocating for science to guide decision-making [1]. - French President Macron emphasized the importance of respecting scientific evidence in addressing climate issues and called for continued cooperation to fulfill international commitments under the Paris Agreement, while also stressing the need for increased clean energy investment and financing mechanisms for developing countries [1]. - Chilean President Boric urged countries to clarify how to meet established climate goals and to find a swift and equitable solution to the climate crisis, calling for international leadership based on science and facts [2].