方小敏，中国科学院院士，发展中国家科学院院士，中国科学院青藏高原研究所研究员、博士生导 师，中国地理学会会士，中国青藏高原研究会常务理事，中国可持续发展研究会和中国第四纪科学研究 会副理事长。主要研究领域为青藏高原隆起与环境变化。揭示了高原重要区域隆升和地貌格局形成过 位于西藏自治区山南市浪卡子县境内的措嘉冰川。 新华社记者 姜帆摄 方小敏院士 受访者供图 程，阐明了高原地貌演化的气候环境效应及其机制。获国家自然科学奖二等奖、首届青藏高原青年科技 奖。 青藏高原是屹立于亚洲之巅的"世界屋脊"，是滋养了亿万生命的"亚洲水塔"，更是驱动全球气候变 化的超级"引擎"。随着第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究（以下简称"第二次青藏科考"）不断深入，科 学家正一步步揭开这片地球第三极的神秘面纱。 前不久，第二次青藏科考成果综合集成应用发布会在拉萨举行。会上，中国科学院院士、中国科学 院青藏高原研究所研究员方小敏提出"三极联动"的新思考。 青藏高原如何作为全球气候变化的"策源地"牵动两极、影响世界？人类应如何应对青藏高原变化给 全球带来的影响？科技日报记者就这些问题对方小敏进行了专访。 青藏高原、南北极是相互关联的"三极" 一 ...

"地球系统科学发展应融合地理学思维、大气科学与系统科学方法，构建生态学与经济学耦合的过 程机制，切实服务国家重大战略需求，为可持续发展战略提供坚实支撑。"在12月8日举行的中国大学地 球系统科学联盟启动仪式上，中国科学院院士傅伯杰分享了关于地球系统科学发展的看法。 在多年深耕地理学的过程中，傅伯杰坚持综合使用多种学科知识和研究方法。通过这些方法，他揭 示了土地利用格局与水土过程作用机理，提出了植被恢复水资源承载力阈值，为生态恢复提供科学依 据。 日前，科技日报记者就地理学发展、地理人才培养等对他进行了专访。 傅伯杰院士 受访者供图 人物档案 傅伯杰，中国科学院院士、发展中国家科学院院士、美国人文与科学院外籍院士、英国爱丁堡皇家 学会外籍院士、欧洲地球科学联合会"洪堡奖章"得主。创立了"格局—过程—服务"分析方法，在土地利 用结构与生态过程、景观生态和生态系统服务等方面取得了系统性创新成果。曾获国家自然科学奖二等 奖、陈嘉庚地球科学奖和发展中国家科学院联想科学奖等奖项。 记者：如何理解地理学与其他学科的关系？ 傅伯杰：地理学既是研究"水、土壤、大气、生物、人类活动"五大要素空间分异规律和相互作用机 制的基础学科 ...

中国大学地球系统科学联盟在北京启动 院士专家共商发展大计 中新网北京12月9日电 (记者 孙自法 曾玥)以清华大学、南京大学、天津大学、香港科技大学为创始成员 的中国大学地球系统科学联盟，12月8日在北京清华园正式启动，地球系统科学领域院士专家学者代表 相聚一堂，积极建言献策，共商联盟发展大计。 中国大学地球系统科学联盟启动仪式上，4所创始成员高校代表签署合作协议。中新网记者 孙自法 清华大学副校长吴华强致辞表示，希望中国大学地球系统科学联盟成为服务国家战略、培育高端人才、 引领科技创新的高水平开放平台，为构建人类命运共同体持续贡献中国力量。 中国大学地球系统科学联盟启动仪式上，举办"我心目中的地球系统科学和联盟"圆桌讨论环节。中 新网记者 孙自法 摄 中国科学院院士、中国气象局原局长秦大河指出，中国团队在联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC) 评估报告中扮演着举足轻重的角色。他期待联盟充分发挥实效，为人地系统的可持续发展提供有力支 撑。 中国科学院院士、中国科学院空天信息创新研究院郭华东研究员主张将数字地球打造成地球系统的精准 模拟器，实现"把地球装进计算机"的愿景。他希望联盟秉持系统论理念，引领全球及 ...

近日，第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究发布"十大应用成果"，包括全过程科学支撑青藏高原生态 保护立法、建成地球系统综合观测与预警平台、提出青藏高原国家公园群建设与自然保护地体系优化方 案等，揭示青藏高原环境变化机理，对推动青藏高原可持续发展具有重要意义。 青藏高原是世界屋脊、亚洲水塔，是地球第三极，是我国重要的生态安全屏障、战略资源储备基 地，是中华民族特色文化的重要保护地。开展第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究，揭示青藏高原环境变 化机理，优化生态安全屏障体系，对推动青藏高原可持续发展具有重要意义。 "十大应用成果"系统呈现科考进展及标志性成果 第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究（以下简称"第二次青藏科考"）于2017年8月启动。近日，第二 次青藏科考成果综合集成应用发布会在西藏拉萨召开，会上发布"十大应用成果"，并通过图文、实物及 数字化展示等方式，系统呈现第二次青藏科考的顶层设计、标志性进展、四大成果体系以及30项代表性 成果等内容。 "第二次青藏科考涵盖生态保护、灾害防控、资源能源调查、碳收支核算、交通安全保障、边疆发 展等领域。"中国科学院院士、第二次青藏科考队队长姚檀栋说。 新发现填补科学空白，揭示青藏高原 ...

青藏高原是世界屋脊、亚洲水塔，是地球第三极，是我国重要的生态安全屏障、战略资源储备基地，是 中华民族特色文化的重要保护地。开展第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究，揭示青藏高原环境变化机 理，优化生态安全屏障体系，对推动青藏高原可持续发展具有重要意义。 "十大应用成果"系统呈现科考进展及标志性成果 第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究（以下简称"第二次青藏科考"）于2017年8月启动。近日，第二次青 藏科考成果综合集成应用发布会在西藏拉萨召开，会上发布"十大应用成果"，并通过图文、实物及数字 化展示等方式，系统呈现第二次青藏科考的顶层设计、标志性进展、四大成果体系以及30项代表性成果 等内容。 核心阅读 近日，第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究发布"十大应用成果"，包括全过程科学支撑青藏高原生态保护 立法、建成地球系统综合观测与预警平台、提出青藏高原国家公园群建设与自然保护地体系优化方案 等，揭示青藏高原环境变化机理，对推动青藏高原可持续发展具有重要意义。 第二次青藏科考以"地球系统科学"为框架，构建了"空天地"一体化观测体系；形成"科学—政策—实 践"闭环，科考成果为青藏高原生态保护立法提供依据；针对冰湖溃决、泥石流等灾害 ...

核心阅读 近日，第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究发布"十大应用成果"，包括全过程科学支撑青藏高原生态保护 立法、建成地球系统综合观测与预警平台、提出青藏高原国家公园群建设与自然保护地体系优化方案 等，揭示青藏高原环境变化机理，对推动青藏高原可持续发展具有重要意义。 青藏高原是世界屋脊、亚洲水塔，是地球第三极，是我国重要的生态安全屏障、战略资源储备基地，是 中华民族特色文化的重要保护地。开展第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究，揭示青藏高原环境变化机 理，优化生态安全屏障体系，对推动青藏高原可持续发展具有重要意义。 "十大应用成果"系统呈现科考进展及标志性成果 第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究（以下简称"第二次青藏科考"）于2017年8月启动。近日，第二次青 藏科考成果综合集成应用发布会在西藏拉萨召开，会上发布"十大应用成果"，并通过图文、实物及数字 化展示等方式，系统呈现第二次青藏科考的顶层设计、标志性进展、四大成果体系以及30项代表性成果 等内容。 "第二次青藏科考涵盖生态保护、灾害防控、资源能源调查、碳收支核算、交通安全保障、边疆发展等 领域。"中国科学院院士、第二次青藏科考队队长姚檀栋说。 本次发布的"十大应用成 ...

Core Insights - Chengdu University of Technology has announced procurement intentions for 20 items of scientific instruments, with a total budget of 124 million yuan, scheduled for procurement between June and October 2025 [2][3]. Instrument Procurement Overview - The procurement includes various advanced instruments such as handheld X-ray fluorescence spectrometers, panoramic X-ray imaging analyzers, and triple quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometers [3][4]. - The total budget for the procurement is 124 million yuan, indicating significant investment in enhancing research capabilities [3]. Detailed Instrument Descriptions - **Handheld X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer**: A portable, rapid, and non-destructive elemental analysis tool that allows for immediate detection and quantitative analysis of solid, liquid, or powder samples on-site, widely used in industrial, environmental, geological, archaeological, and safety fields [4]. - **Triple Quadrupole Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS/MS)**: An advanced form of ICP-MS that enhances sensitivity, selectivity, and interference resistance for trace and ultra-trace element analysis in complex matrices, recognized as a gold standard in environmental, food, biomedical, and materials science [5]. Procurement Details - The procurement plan includes a variety of teaching instruments aimed at improving educational and research capabilities, with specific requirements outlined for each instrument [6][7]. - The instruments are intended to support high-precision analysis of geological samples, enhance teaching quality, and improve the overall research infrastructure of the university [9][10]. Research and Development Focus - Chengdu University of Technology emphasizes interdisciplinary research, particularly in geosciences, environmental science, and materials science, contributing to national energy resource security and ecological protection [12][13]. - The university has established several national and provincial research platforms, facilitating a comprehensive approach from basic research to technology transfer [13][14]. Future Prospects - With ongoing investments in advanced scientific instruments and a strong focus on interdisciplinary research, Chengdu University of Technology is poised to enhance its academic and research capabilities significantly, aligning with national strategic needs [17].

Core Insights - The research conducted by Ningbo Oriental University and Southern University of Science and Technology reveals the driving mechanisms behind the extreme ocean heatwaves of 2023, providing crucial scientific evidence for understanding and predicting future extreme ocean events [1][2] Group 1: Research Findings - The study constructed the world's first mixed-layer heat budget diagnostic framework based on high-resolution ocean reanalysis data, which quantitatively characterizes the unprecedented features of global ocean heatwaves in terms of intensity, duration, and spatial coverage in 2023 [1] - The research identified different driving mechanisms for ocean heatwaves in four key global ocean regions, including enhanced shortwave flux and shallower mixed layers in the North Atlantic and North Pacific, reduced cloud cover and increased advection in the Southwest Pacific, and increased oceanic advection in the tropical East Pacific [1] Group 2: Importance of Earth System Science - Developing Earth system science is crucial for revealing the intrinsic mechanisms of complex climate phenomena, enhancing global climate prediction capabilities, and formulating scientific response strategies [2] - Establishing a physics-based forecasting system, strengthening real-time monitoring of multiple ocean factors, and conducting in-depth research on early warning of extreme climate events are of significant practical importance for addressing future climate risks [2]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the insights of Wang Pinxian, a prominent Chinese academician, on the future of Earth system science, emphasizing the need for a paradigm shift towards a more integrated and comprehensive understanding of Earth's processes and the relationship between natural and human systems [1][4][9]. Group 1: Conference Overview - The 8th Earth System Science Conference, held in Shanghai, gathered over 2,000 participants to discuss cutting-edge research and promote interdisciplinary collaboration in Earth sciences [3][4]. - The conference featured 10 major themes and 84 sub-topics, showcasing the latest advancements in geoscience [3]. Group 2: Wang Pinxian's Insights - Wang Pinxian expressed the importance of moving beyond mere observation ("stamp collecting") to a deeper exploration of mechanisms in Earth sciences, urging young scholars to take on this challenge [1][4]. - He proposed that China has the potential to establish its own school of thought in Earth sciences, emphasizing the need for independent exploration rather than merely following international trends [6][7]. Group 3: Future Directions in Earth System Science - Wang highlighted two divergent approaches in Earth system science: one centered on human-scale processes and another focused on natural processes at the Earth's scale, advocating for a balanced perspective [4][6]. - He called for a strategic focus on three key areas: the ocean carbon pump, water cycles, and the land-sea connection in East Asia, which could lead to significant breakthroughs in the field [6]. Group 4: Cultural and Economic Implications - The article discusses the evolving relationship between land and sea civilizations, suggesting that advancements in technology are blurring the lines between these two realms [9][10]. - Wang emphasized the historical opportunity for China to lead in creating a new civilization that integrates both land and sea perspectives, aligning with the nation's broader goals of rejuvenation [9][10].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the growing importance of Earth System Science in understanding and addressing climate change challenges, highlighted by the signing of the "Tianjin Declaration" by leaders from 25 top universities in China, marking a new phase of collaborative innovation in the field [1][7]. Group 1: Background and Key Issues - Earth System Science emerged from the deepening understanding of global change issues, such as climate change and biodiversity loss, which are characterized by systemic features [2]. - The concept of the Anthropocene was introduced, recognizing human activity as a primary driver of global change, necessitating a systems science approach to study the relationship between humans and nature [2][3]. Group 2: Key Research Areas - The field focuses on five key areas: 1. Coupling and feedback mechanisms among Earth system spheres [3]. 2. Drivers and critical points of global change [3]. 3. Simulation and prediction of Earth systems [3]. 4. Scientific and ethical challenges of the Anthropocene [3]. 5. Supporting sustainable development paths through quantifying scientific thresholds [3]. Group 3: Understanding Extreme Weather Events - Earth System Science reveals global mechanisms behind extreme weather events, such as the Arctic amplification effect, which increases the likelihood of heatwaves and heavy rainfall due to human activities [4]. - The integration of satellite remote sensing and paleoclimate data helps distinguish natural variability from human impacts, providing insights into the causes of current extreme events [4]. Group 4: Role of Chinese Scientists - Chinese scientists play a crucial role in global scientific governance, leading research in carbon cycling and climate modeling, and participating in international climate initiatives [6]. - They contribute to significant projects like the "Global Monsoon Project" and engage in climate negotiations, enhancing China's influence in Earth System Science [6][10]. Group 5: The Tianjin Declaration - The Tianjin Declaration aims to transform geographic research paradigms by promoting an integrated approach to studying natural and human geography [7]. - It seeks to foster academic consensus, establish collaborative mechanisms, and create platforms for innovative exchanges [7][8]. Group 6: Challenges and Innovations in Research - The interdisciplinary nature of Earth System Science presents challenges in research organization, prompting the establishment of problem-oriented research centers at Tianjin University [11]. - This innovative structure encourages collaboration across various scientific disciplines, enhancing the ability to address complex environmental issues [11]. Group 7: Application of Research Outcomes - The translation of research findings into practical applications involves integrating technology, policy, and societal engagement [12]. - Tianjin University focuses on developing smart monitoring systems and low-carbon solutions, demonstrating the practical impact of Earth System Science [12][13]. Group 8: Talent Development - The interdisciplinary nature of Earth System Science necessitates innovative talent cultivation strategies, emphasizing foundational knowledge in mathematics and science [15][18]. - The curriculum is designed to foster problem-oriented learning and practical experience, preparing students for careers in climate change and environmental management [17][18]. Group 9: Future Directions - Future research in Earth System Science should focus on multi-scale coupling mechanisms, critical point warnings, and the integration of AI in research methodologies [20]. - The goal is to design sustainable development pathways that support the harmonious development of humans and nature [20].