以下文章来源于正解局 ，作者正解局 正解局 . 从"垃圾围城"到"垃圾不够烧"，这不只是一个环保逆袭的故事。 答案也没那么简单。 "垃圾山"消失了 最近很多媒体，不约而同关注到了深圳罗湖区的这座垃圾山，沉睡了二十多年的玉龙垃 圾填埋场。 11 . 6 9万平方米的超大绿色天幕下，多台挖掘机有序工作着，对这座沉睡近3 0年、海拔 11 0米、高差达4 6米的垃圾山，进行精准"解剖"。 这也是目前全国体量最大、全量开挖的垃圾环境修复治理工程。 这座填埋场建于1 9 8 3年，1 9 9 7年停用，2 0 0 5年底实施封场，曾是深圳市最早、最大的 生 活 垃 圾 填 埋 场 之 一 ， 累 计 填 埋 垃 圾 超 过 4 1 0 万 吨 ， 大 约 有 2 5 0 万 立 方 米 ， 差 不 多 2 . 5 个"鸟巢"那么大。 解读产业，发现价值。产业/城市/企业。 废物不是"负担"，而是"资源"。 作者 / 正解局 来源 / 正解局 （ID：zhengjieclub） 有个事，可能超出很多人的认知： 现在，全国的垃圾焚烧厂竟然发愁：垃圾不够烧的！ 臭气、蚊蝇、渗滤液污染…… 在当年，在城市快速扩张的年代，焚烧技 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article highlights the significant market potential for waste incineration power generation in developing countries, particularly in Southeast Asia, Central Asia, and Latin America, due to rapid urbanization leading to increased waste generation [1] - Countries like Vietnam, Thailand, and Indonesia have included waste incineration in their national strategies, supported by government policies such as waste treatment fee subsidies and favorable grid electricity prices to promote the development of waste incineration power generation [1] - In developed regions like Europe and North America, the waste incineration industry is relatively mature, but there is a growing demand for upgrading and retrofitting existing incineration facilities due to their earlier construction [1]

Core Viewpoint - The waste incineration market is segmented into domestic and overseas markets, with a slowdown in new projects domestically due to a complex economic environment, while overseas markets present significant growth opportunities [1] Domestic Market - The domestic market has seen a reduction in new waste incineration boiler projects, but there remains a demand for new installations and upgrades [1] - The pace of new project additions in the domestic market has slowed down [1] Overseas Market - The overseas market, particularly in developing regions such as Southeast Asia, Central Asia, and Latin America, is experiencing rapid urbanization leading to increased waste generation [1] - Countries like Vietnam, Thailand, and Indonesia have included waste incineration in their national strategies, supported by government policies such as subsidies for waste treatment fees and favorable electricity pricing [1] - The traditional landfill methods are becoming inadequate, creating a pressing need for effective waste management solutions like waste-to-energy incineration [1] Developed Markets - In developed regions such as Europe and North America, the waste incineration industry is relatively mature with a high number of existing facilities [1] - There is a growing demand for upgrading and retrofitting existing waste incineration boilers due to the age of the facilities [1]

Core Viewpoint - Chongqing Conch Cement has transformed its operations into a model of environmental sustainability by integrating waste management into its cement production process, effectively turning waste into resources and aiming for zero emissions and a zero-carbon factory. Group 1: Environmental Initiatives - The Chongqing Conch Cement plant has invested 200 million yuan in noise and dust control measures, resulting in excellent air quality and attracting thousands of egrets to nest in the area [1] - The plant has planted over 12,000 trees, contributing to its recognition as a national green factory [1] Group 2: Waste Management and Resource Utilization - The facility has processed 570,000 tons of municipal waste and 40,000 tons of kitchen waste, significantly contributing to local waste management efforts [1] - The cement kiln's collaborative waste disposal system allows for the burning of waste to provide fuel for cement production, while harmful gases are decomposed at high temperatures [2] - The plant utilizes high-temperature waste heat power generation and photovoltaic technology to meet 60% of its electricity needs [2] Group 3: Circular Economy and Zero Emissions Goals - The process at the plant creates a closed-loop system where waste is converted into energy and raw materials for cement, effectively minimizing pollution [2] - The company is actively pursuing a goal of zero emissions and a zero-carbon factory, demonstrating a solid technical pathway towards this objective [2]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the transformation of waste management through advanced technologies in waste-to-energy plants, emphasizing the conversion of waste into valuable resources rather than viewing it as a burden [1][4]. Group 1: Waste Management Process - The Chongqing Sanfeng Yulin Environmental Power Generation Company processes approximately 3,000 tons of waste daily, utilizing a closed-loop system that minimizes odors and maximizes efficiency [1][2]. - The waste undergoes a fermentation process for 3 to 5 days before being incinerated at temperatures exceeding 850 degrees Celsius, generating steam to drive turbines for electricity production [1][2]. Group 2: Technological Innovations - The company has implemented a smart control system since 2019, resulting in a 5% reduction in equipment defect rates and a 2% increase in energy output per ton of waste processed [2]. - In 2022, the company initiated an intelligent waste incineration optimization project, achieving over 95% automation in operations and a 20% improvement in steam parameter stability [2]. Group 3: Environmental Impact - The company’s closed design for waste storage and treatment facilities prevents odor emissions, while the by-products of incineration, such as fly ash and slag, are repurposed for landfill and construction materials [2][3]. - A smart flue gas optimization system is set to be developed in 2024, utilizing deep learning algorithms to predict emissions and optimize the use of environmental materials [3].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the transformation of waste management in Xiamen, showcasing how the city has turned its waste into a resource through innovative garbage classification and processing methods, aligning with the vision of a harmonious ecological environment [1][31]. Group 1: Waste Management Initiatives - Xiamen has implemented a unique waste management model that integrates garbage classification, significantly reducing the amount of waste that is not recycled [1][31]. - The city started its garbage classification efforts in 2016, becoming one of the first pilot cities in China for this initiative [9][11]. - By 2024, the Jin'an community in Xiamen is set to trade 10,168 tons of carbon reduction from waste classification, marking the first carbon reduction trading project in the country related to waste classification [15][19]. Group 2: Community Engagement and Infrastructure - The number of garbage disposal points in Xiamen has been reduced from 36,000 in 2017 to approximately 5,000, with waste categorized into four main types: other waste, recyclable materials, kitchen waste, and hazardous waste [11][21]. - Community initiatives, such as setting up garbage classification public welfare centers, encourage residents to participate in recycling by offering rewards for recyclable materials [16][20]. - The transformation of waste collection points into clean, multifunctional spaces has improved community engagement and awareness regarding waste management [20][33]. Group 3: Technological Innovations - Xiamen has established the first sorting center for low-value recyclable materials in China, utilizing advanced technologies like near-infrared scanning and AI visual recognition for efficient sorting [23][26]. - The sorting center has achieved an annual processing capacity of 30,000 tons, with a sorting accuracy rate of over 95%, significantly higher than the national average [27][29]. - The city has successfully integrated waste into the circular economy, with a resource utilization rate of around 90% and a recycling rate exceeding 50% [29][31]. Group 4: Environmental Impact and Recognition - The waste management practices in Xiamen have led to a 100% harmless treatment rate for waste, showcasing the city's commitment to environmental sustainability [31]. - Xiamen's innovative waste management model has been recognized globally, being featured as an excellent case at the 28th UN Climate Change Conference [29].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the innovative waste management practices in Xiamen, showcasing how the city transforms waste into valuable resources while promoting environmental awareness among residents [1][4][16]. Waste Management Practices - Xiamen has implemented a unique garbage classification system, reducing the number of waste disposal points from 36,000 to over 4,000, categorizing waste into four main types: other waste, recyclable materials, kitchen waste, and hazardous waste [4][14]. - The city has established smart garbage collection points that enhance the aesthetics of the community while facilitating proper waste disposal [2][5]. Community Engagement - Community initiatives, such as the establishment of recycling public welfare centers, allow residents to exchange recyclable materials for rewards, promoting active participation in waste classification [7][12]. - The local government has successfully raised awareness among residents about the importance of waste classification, leading to improved participation rates across all age groups [5][16]. Technological Integration - Xiamen has developed a low-value recyclable material sorting center, utilizing advanced technologies like near-infrared scanning and AI visual recognition to enhance sorting accuracy, achieving a classification accuracy rate of over 95% [11][14]. - The sorting center has a processing capacity of 30,000 tons per year, significantly contributing to the city's waste management efficiency [13]. Environmental Impact - The city has achieved a resource utilization rate of approximately 90% for municipal waste, with over 50% of waste being recycled [14][16]. - Xiamen's waste management model has been recognized internationally, being featured as an exemplary case at the 28th UN Climate Change Conference [14]. Innovative Recycling - Recycled materials are transformed into new products, such as reusable utensils made from discarded oyster shells and furniture crafted from old tires, demonstrating the potential for waste to be repurposed creatively [16].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the transformation of waste management in China, highlighting the shift from a "garbage siege" to a situation where waste incineration plants are struggling to find enough garbage to process, leading to a competitive environment for waste collection and management [4][10][20]. Group 1: Industry Overview - Ten years ago, the issue of "garbage siege" was prevalent, but now it is widely recognized that there is not enough waste to incinerate in China [4][10]. - China has nearly half of the world's waste incineration plants, with over 1,010 facilities, making it the leader in waste incineration capacity globally [11][20]. - The average load rate of waste incineration plants in China is about 60%, indicating that 40% of capacity is underutilized [9]. Group 2: Market Dynamics - Waste incineration plants are resorting to extreme measures to secure waste, including paying kickbacks to property companies for waste collection [6]. - There is a trend of reopening landfills to excavate buried waste, with cities like Guangzhou and others participating in this underground competition [8]. - The number of planned shutdowns for waste incineration plants in 2023 reached 83,467 days, indicating significant operational challenges [9]. Group 3: Historical Context - The turning point for China's waste incineration industry was in 2003 when the government shifted to a model allowing private investment and operation [14]. - Policies promoting waste incineration have been introduced over the years, including increased subsidies for renewable energy projects and stricter pollution control standards [15][16]. - The rapid growth of waste incineration facilities has led to significant advancements in waste management technology and capacity [17][18]. Group 4: Future Opportunities - With domestic waste generation insufficient to meet the operational capacity of incineration plants, companies are looking abroad for opportunities [22]. - Chinese waste incineration companies have successfully established over 50 projects overseas, particularly in Southeast Asia and the Middle East [24]. - Advanced technologies developed in China for waste incineration, such as the FAST process for treating fly ash, are gaining international recognition and application [25].