美国钢铝关税政策再度升级。 当地时间19日，美国商务部正式发布公告，宣布将407个产品类别纳入钢铁和铝的关税清单，适用税率为 50%。 扩大的关税清单已于18日正式生效。 有专家警告，美方此举可能会进一步加剧其国内的供应链压力并 推高物价。 CNBC 蒋钰： 当地时间周二，美国商务部正式宣布，扩大50%钢铝关税的征收范围，会将407个产品类别添加 到原本的关税清单当中，其中将包括不少业界没有预料到会被征收关税的产品，例如婴儿车和除臭喷雾等。 国际物流供应商德迅公司海关事务副总裁就扩大后的商品清单，评论表示：现在包括汽车零部件、化学品、塑 料、家具部件，基本上只要是有光泽的、金属的，或者和钢铝稍有关系的，都可能出现在征税清单上。 并且， 此次征税范围扩大的政策发生得很突然。 当地时间上周五，美国政府才和美国国内的进口商们下发通 知，就表示新关税将在美东时间本周一凌晨生效， 这让许多美国进口商们措手不及。 现在 许多美国进口商也处于进退两难的境地 ，他们已经付款的货物正在运输途中。如果选择接收，就必须缴 纳大幅增加的关税；但如果他们不想承担关税，让货运公司别在美国港口卸货，那他们又需要承受货物无法入 境所带来的损 ...

日本央行副行长内田真一：预计成本推动型通胀将会趋于缓和，但食品价格的变动影响公众的价格预 期，可能对物价形成上行压力。 ...

《纽约时报》16日报道称，有迹象表明，美国就业市场正在失去动力。报道指出，就业市场数据显示， 目前失业者找到新工作的时间变长，多数企业在关税、移民等政策不明朗的情况下选择观望，招聘意愿 趋于保守。 根据毕马威(KPMG)最新发布的《关税脉动调查》(Tariff Pulse Survey)，超过一半的美国企业表示，关税 直接导致其毛利率下降。随着关税政策持续重塑全球贸易格局，美国企业已开始感受到负面影响，并预 计在未来几个月内可能面临更多的价格上涨和客户抵制。 《华盛顿邮报》分析称，关税政策正在推动美国企业生产成本上升，会导致企业将成本转嫁给消费者， 加剧"成本推动型"通胀压力。有迹象显示，这一趋势已在部分市场显现。 该报称，"特朗普似乎没有保护美国企业，而是在伤害他们。" 美媒：关税让美国企业感受到痛苦 就业市场正失去动力 中新网7月18日电 综合报道，新的数据表明，特朗普政府的关税政策开始让美国企业感受到痛苦，美国 就业市场正失去动力。 美国《华盛顿邮报》称，对许多美国人来说，特朗普政府的关税政策似乎是无成本的。这是因为它需要 时间才能在整个经济中产生涟漪效应。而本周，这种关税错觉开始消散，新的数据表明美国 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Bank of Japan (BOJ) is cautious about inflation pressures and may leave room for action this year despite a prolonged wait before any interest rate hikes [1][2] Group 1: Inflation Concerns - Japan's overall inflation rate reached 3.6% in April, significantly above the BOJ's target of 2% [2] - Rising food prices, particularly rice, are contributing to inflationary pressures, which may lead the BOJ to revise its inflation forecasts in the upcoming quarterly report [2][4] - The BOJ's current forecast anticipates core CPI to reach 2.2% for the year ending March 2026, followed by a decline to 1.7% [2] Group 2: Economic Risks - The uncertainty surrounding U.S. trade policies complicates the BOJ's efforts to exit a decade-long stimulus policy, with plans for a July rate hike being postponed due to tariff announcements [2][3] - The BOJ is increasingly concerned about the second-round effects of supply shocks, particularly from rising food prices, which could alter public inflation expectations [3][4] Group 3: Future Rate Hikes - Analysts expect the BOJ to potentially raise interest rates in October if inflation expectations continue to rise [2][5] - The timing of any rate hike may be influenced by ongoing U.S.-Japan tariff negotiations, with some analysts predicting a delay until early 2026 if negotiations drag on [4]

Economic Outlook - The Japanese economy is experiencing a moderate recovery, with improving corporate profits and stable business confidence, but signs of weakness are emerging, and economic growth is expected to slow down [3] - High uncertainty regarding trade policies, particularly U.S. tariff measures, poses a negative impact on Japan's economy, primarily affecting export companies and potentially weakening consumer confidence [3][8] Wage and Consumption - Actual wages in Japan are currently negative, significantly impacting consumption and the economy [7] - As real wages gradually improve, consumption is expected to maintain a moderate growth trend [6] Inflation and Prices - Japan's core inflation rate is slightly below the 2% target, with the gap between basic inflation and overall inflation expected to narrow [9] - Cost-push inflation is having a significant adverse effect on households, but pressures from rising import prices are anticipated to diminish [9] Monetary Policy - The Bank of Japan has no preset plans for interest rate hikes and will consider raising rates only when economic and price conditions align with expectations [11] - The central bank aims to achieve a 2% inflation target and will implement monetary policy based on price and economic developments [12] Currency and Bond Market - A strong yen negatively impacts export and manufacturing profits but improves household real income; stable exchange rates are crucial for market stability [14] - Long-term bond yield fluctuations can affect short- and medium-term yields, with domestic investors being the primary buyers of long-term Japanese government bonds [14] Recent Rate Decisions - The Bank of Japan raised the policy interest rate from 0.25% to 0.5% in January, marking the largest increase among three hikes since March and July 2024 [16] - The central bank remains optimistic about economic and inflation conditions, with a projected CPI inflation rate of 2.4% for FY2025, up by 0.5 percentage points [16]

Summary of Conference Call Records Industry or Company Involved - The records primarily discuss the macroeconomic environment, focusing on the China-U.S. trade relations and their implications for global trade dynamics. Core Points and Arguments 1. **China-U.S. Trade Relations** - The trade relationship remains complex with mutual dependence despite friction. China is enhancing trade cooperation with ASEAN, EU, and other non-U.S. regions to maintain export resilience, employing a transshipment trade strategy effectively [1][3][5]. 2. **Impact of Tariffs** - The imposition of reciprocal tariffs has increased U.S. import costs, with average tariffs around 16% and potential increases to 20%. In contrast, some Chinese exports face tariffs as high as 50%, negatively impacting U.S. economic conditions [4][5]. 3. **Short-term Export Performance** - China's exports are expected to grow by 7% in Q2 2025, but a decline is anticipated in the latter half of the year due to the expansion of global tariffs. The overall GDP forecast for China is approximately 4.75% for the year [9][10]. 4. **U.S. Economic Growth Projections** - The U.S. GDP growth forecast for 2025 has been revised down to around 1% from an initial estimate of nearly 2%. This decline is significantly influenced by tariff impacts [8]. 5. **Real Estate and Fiscal Policy in China** - China's real estate investment has underperformed expectations, with potential fiscal stimulus measures anticipated in the second half of the year, including special bonds to support the economy [10]. 6. **Currency Trends** - The U.S. dollar is expected to depreciate, while the Chinese yuan may appreciate, potentially reaching around 7 by the end of the year. This is influenced by the current economic conditions and capital flows [12][13][23]. 7. **Global Trade Dynamics** - The trade war has led to a significant shift in global trade patterns, with China increasing exports to regions like ASEAN and Africa to offset losses from the U.S. market [3][6]. 8. **Long-term Economic Relations** - In the long run, the economic relationship between China and the U.S. is expected to evolve amidst geopolitical divisions, with China focusing more on non-U.S. partners [7]. 9. **Market Sentiment and Investment Risks** - Current market sentiment is weak due to ongoing uncertainties regarding trade policies and tariffs, which could lead to significant declines in exports and economic growth in the latter half of the year [26][27]. Other Important but Possibly Overlooked Content 1. **Inflation and Monetary Policy** - The U.S. Federal Reserve's hawkish stance and rising inflation expectations are leading to tighter monetary policies, with little likelihood of a new Plaza Accord [11]. 2. **Emerging Market Currencies** - Emerging market currencies are facing uncertainty due to trade dynamics and economic challenges, limiting their potential for appreciation [15]. 3. **Commodity Market Outlook** - A bearish outlook is projected for commodities like oil and steel, with expectations of price declines due to oversupply and weak demand [22]. 4. **Investor Behavior** - Investors are advised to be cautious with U.S. Treasury bonds due to volatility risks and potential dollar depreciation impacting returns on dollar-denominated assets [13][18]. 5. **Future Liquidity Conditions** - The potential for rapid liquidity release in the market is anticipated, depending on the economic recovery trajectory, which could influence asset allocation strategies [25].

日本央行行长植田和男：我们意识到企业在价格和工资设定方面的积极行为仍在持续。下调通胀预期反 映出贸易政策不确定性对全球增长的压力，以及成本推动型通胀放缓和近期原油价格大幅下跌的影响。 ...

Group 1 - The core inflation indicators in Japan show persistent inflationary pressures, with the overall CPI steady at 3.6% year-on-year, significantly above the Bank of Japan's (BoJ) target of 2% [1] - The core CPI, excluding fresh food, rose to 3.5%, the highest in over two years, surpassing the expected 3.4% [1] - The core-core CPI, excluding fresh food and energy, increased to 3.0%, indicating widespread price pressures beyond volatile sectors [1] Group 2 - Japan's economic momentum is weakening, with Q1 2025 GDP contracting by 0.2%, leading to an annualized rate of -0.7%, raising concerns about stagflation risks [2] - The economic weakness is primarily driven by cost-push inflation, influenced by rising import costs due to global tensions and domestic wage increases from recent "Shunto" negotiations [2] - Real wages, adjusted for inflation, have contracted over the past three months, limiting household purchasing power and complicating the BoJ's policy decisions [2] Group 3 - The Japanese bond market is experiencing increased volatility due to persistent inflation and growth concerns, with the 10-year bond yield approaching 1.65%, nearing a ten-year high [4] - The 40-year bond yield surged to approximately 3.7%, rising by 100 basis points since April, reflecting investor concerns over inflation risks and fiscal sustainability [5] Group 4 - The yen has gained some support due to rising bond yields and a weak dollar, but its movement remains highly sensitive to domestic policy signals and global interest rate trends [6] - The BoJ faces a critical challenge in balancing the need to curb inflation expectations while avoiding a more significant economic slowdown [6] Group 5 - Market implications include expectations for continued upward movement in long-term bond yields as the market prices in potential policy normalization [7] - If the BoJ maintains a hawkish stance and global yields stabilize, the yen may strengthen moderately [7] - Caution is advised in the stock market, as tightening policies and yen appreciation could suppress corporate earnings, particularly affecting export and domestic demand sectors [7]

基本面： 周五（5月23日）亚盘时段，现货黄金自隔夜下探后重拾上涨，目前交投于3321美元附近。经过本周前三个交易日的上涨后，周四亚市金价曾短暂触及3345 美元的两周高点，随后急转直下，最终收于3294美元附近。这场戏剧性转折背后，隐藏着美元走强、美债动荡和地缘政治三大变局的激烈角力。 周四美元指数强势反弹0.3%，一度回升至100关口上方，收报99.94附近。这种看似温和的涨幅对黄金市场却产生了放大效应。因为之前美元指数已经连续三 个交易日下跌，且创下了近两周新低。黄金市场另一大压力来自美债收益率的剧烈波动。30年期美债收益率触及19个月新高，反映出市场对3.8万亿美元新 增债务的深度忧虑。周三160亿美元20年期美债标售遇冷，更是印证了主权债券需求正在发生结构性变化。值得注意的是，美债市场正在形成诡异的"两极分 化"。短期国债因初请失业金人数降至22.7万人的良好数据获得支撑，而长期国债则因财政赤字恶化遭遇抛售。 多单： 3296附近轻仓多，止损3289，目标3345/3360附近 标普全球的调查数据揭示了更严峻的经济图景。美国5月投入价格指数飙升至63.4，企业收费价格指数跃升至59.3，这两个关键通 ...