2025 年 12 月 10 日 固 定 收 益 资金面内生稳定性回升 等待年末政策信号明朗 ——2025 年 12 月流动性月报 投资要点： 固 定 收 益 定 期 报 告 10 月超储率较 9 月下降约 0.2pct 至 1.2%，略低于我们预期的 1.3%。 10 月政府存款上升 6258 亿元，高于预期的 3781 亿，这是 10 月超储率低 于预期的主要原因。尽管 10 月政府存款相较于广义财政盈余及政府债净缴 款之和额外下降了 1272 亿元，但一般公共预算支出大幅低于预期，使得广 义财政盈余规模达到了 2641 亿元，而非预期的赤字。以当前数据看，全年 一般公共预算支出存在低于年初目标的可能，而在此前的大幅偏离后，今 年政府性基金支出可能较年初目标相对接近。此外，10 月央行对其他存款 性公司债权上升 146 亿元，与高频数据相差不大；10 月央行法定存款准备 金减少幅度高于预期，货币发行减少幅度低于预期，外汇占款基本符合我 们此前的预期。 11 月广义财政赤字或相对偏高，但考虑 11 月政府债净缴款大幅上行， 我们预计 11 月政府存款环比下降约 2500 亿，降幅处于往年同期中性水平， 对流 ...

1. Report Industry Investment Rating There is no information about the report industry investment rating in the provided content. 2. Core View of the Report The report analyzes the liquidity situation from July to September 2025, predicting that the September capital market will likely remain relatively loose, similar to August, within the existing policy framework [2][3]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 July: Slow Replacement Bond Expenditure and Neutral Excess Reserve Ratio - July's excess reserve ratio dropped by 0.2pct to 1.2%, slightly more than expected but at a neutral level for non - quarter - end months [6]. - Fiscal deposits in July rose by 7648 billion yuan, higher than the expected 4508 billion yuan, indicating a slow expenditure progress of replacement bonds [6]. - The central bank's claims on other depository corporations increased by 2184 billion yuan in July, matching high - frequency monetary policy tools [6]. 3.2 August: Rising Excess Reserve Ratio and New Low in Capital Interest Rate - The scale of the broad fiscal deficit in August may be higher than in previous years, and the expenditure of replacement bonds will reduce government deposits. Government bond net supply decreased significantly compared to last year, with an estimated 3100 - billion - yuan decline in government deposits [13]. - The central bank's claims on other depository corporations are expected to rise by about 4900 billion yuan in August, and the excess reserve ratio is estimated to be about 1.4%, up 0.2pct from July [13]. - In August, capital was generally loose but tightened after the middle of the month. The decline in bank net lending around the tax period was significantly higher than in previous years, which may be related to the stock market and the central bank's "anti - arbitrage" stance, but the impact may be short - term [32]. - The average values of DR001 and DR007 in August reached new lows for the year, possibly due to the decline in non - bank institutional leverage demand [51]. 3.3 September: Stable Capital Interest Rate and Limited Downward Space for Overnight Interest Rate - The broad fiscal deficit in September may still be higher than in previous years, and the expenditure of replacement bonds will continue to reduce government deposits. The net financing of government bonds is expected to decline slightly compared to August, with an estimated 7800 - billion - yuan decline in government deposits [57]. - The central bank's claims on other depository corporations are expected to rise by about 2800 billion yuan in September, and the excess reserve ratio is estimated to be about 1.6%, up 0.2pct from August [57]. - There is no obvious exogenous shock to the capital market in September. The central bank aims to boost inflation, and the probability of policy tightening is low. The capital market in September is likely to remain relatively loose, similar to August [65][69].