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张朋兵评《诗经学的现代转型》|《诗经》何以“现代”?
Xin Lang Cai Jing· 2025-08-16 03:12
Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the modern transformation of the Book of Songs (Shijing) from 1901 to 1931, highlighting how it evolved from a Confucian classic to a literary work, influenced by political changes, educational reforms, and modern literary concepts [2][3][6]. Group 1: Historical Context - The transformation of the Book of Songs began with the collapse of the Confucian moral system following the end of the feudal imperial system and the establishment of a republican government in late Qing [3][6]. - The May Fourth Movement emphasized the need to overthrow old morals and establish new ones, leading to a re-evaluation of the Book of Songs to incorporate modern values [2][3]. Group 2: Educational Influence - The Book of Songs was included in modern educational curricula, serving as a foundation for ethical education and the cultivation of patriotic citizens [3][5]. - Educational reforms, such as the 1902 and 1904 school regulations, maintained the Book of Songs as a required subject, emphasizing its role in shaping national morality [5][6]. Group 3: Literary Reinterpretation - Scholars during the May Fourth period sought to detach the Book of Songs from its traditional Confucian interpretations, viewing it instead as a work of early vernacular literature [6][8]. - The emphasis on personal emotion and expression in modern literature aligned with the Book of Songs' themes, leading to its reclassification as a significant literary work [8][11]. Group 4: Cultural Identity and Nationalism - The Book of Songs was positioned as a foundational text in the construction of national identity, reflecting the complexities of Chinese literature's evolution in the context of global literary trends [12][13]. - The integration of folk traditions and the study of popular songs were seen as essential for understanding national consciousness and social dynamics [9][11]. Group 5: Methodological Challenges - The application of scientific methods in interpreting the Book of Songs faced limitations, as scholars often imposed modern values onto ancient texts, complicating the understanding of their original meanings [13][15]. - The challenges of cross-cultural literary analysis highlighted the difficulties in reconciling Western literary frameworks with Chinese literary traditions [15].
马钊 陈雁|出走?战时北平底层女性的生活抉择
Xin Lang Cai Jing· 2025-07-10 05:41
Core Viewpoint - The book "Abandoning Husbands: The Lives and Crimes of Lower-Class Women in Wartime Beijing (1937-1949)" explores the harsh realities faced by lower-class women during a tumultuous period in Beijing's history, revealing how economic instability and societal pressures led to criminal behaviors as survival strategies [1][2]. Group 1: Historical Context - The period from 1937 to 1949 in Beijing was marked by Japanese occupation, civil unrest, and economic collapse, severely impacting the lives of ordinary citizens [1]. - The author utilizes extensive judicial archives to reconstruct the lives of lower-class women, focusing on cases of adultery, abduction, and bigamy to uncover the underlying causes of these actions [1][4]. Group 2: Social Dynamics - The book highlights the distinction between elite women active in public life and the marginalized lower-class women who navigated societal challenges through informal "rules" [1][3]. - The concept of "lower class" is described as a fluid space rather than a strict category, encompassing individuals who may not be destitute but still face significant social and economic challenges [7][8]. Group 3: Gender and Power - The narratives of these women reflect a lack of agency in their lives, often relying on their husbands for economic support, which becomes precarious in times of crisis [19][20]. - The book contrasts the experiences of lower-class women with the more privileged narratives of female liberation, emphasizing the absence of revolutionary sentiments among these women [22][24]. Group 4: Judicial Insights - The judicial archives provide a unique perspective on the lives of these women, revealing their voices and experiences through their testimonies in court [4][6]. - The legal framework of the time did not adequately address the complexities of marital obligations, leading to a disconnect between legal definitions and lived realities [19][20]. Group 5: Urbanization and Mobility - The development of transportation and urban infrastructure during this period allowed women greater mobility, facilitating their ability to escape oppressive domestic situations [25][26]. - The changing urban landscape, characterized by the breakdown of traditional living arrangements, contributed to the emergence of new social dynamics and opportunities for women [9][10]. Group 6: Research Methodology - The author emphasizes the importance of using judicial records to access the lived experiences of marginalized groups, highlighting the differences between cultural and legal historical materials [27][30]. - The focus on individual cases rather than quantitative analysis allows for a deeper understanding of the personal narratives behind the statistics [36][37].
黄宾虹画学的四大基石
Xin Lang Cai Jing· 2025-06-05 23:06
正在浙江省博物馆之江馆区举办的"天地人——纪念黄宾虹诞辰160周年艺术展"已进入闭幕倒计时(展出至6月8日)。该展是浙江省博物馆馆藏黄宾虹精 品的一次大集结,展现了黄宾虹超绝拔俗的艺术才情、深厚的文化修养和宽阔的人生阅历。与此前对于黄宾虹认知里的"浑厚华滋"、"太极图说"等不同的 是,作者认为,关于黄宾虹的画学思想,"特健药""内美""不齐""民学"是其画学的四大基石。 中国近现代杰出的画家、书法家、篆刻家、文献学家、古文字学家、书画鉴定家、美术教育家、编辑、诗人黄宾虹诞生于1865年1月27日,这一天是清同 治四年、岁交乙丑。黄宾虹呱呱坠地时正是农历正月初一子时,故初名元吉,谱名懋质,字朴存,号予向,自称黄山山中人,49岁时出席南社上海雅集, 始正式以宾虹名行世。 1954 年黄宾虹在杭州灵隐飞来峰写生 黄宾虹的一生是漫长的,他经历过百日维新、辛亥革命、新文化运动、国民革命、抗日战争、解放战争和中华人民共和国的创立,他作为变法维新的同情 者和辛亥革命的参与者,深度介入了从旧制度向新制度转变的社会革命,但他始终秉持学人本色,以建设强健国民精神素质的艺术为己任,从"保存国 粹"入手,从事大量琐碎繁杂的乡邦文献整 ...
历史的复调与叠响:“新文化”与“新文学”的多元创生
Xin Lang Cai Jing· 2025-06-04 09:54
Core Viewpoint - The conference commemorating the 110th anniversary of the publication of "New Youth" highlights the significance of "New Culture" and "New Literature" in shaping modern Chinese thought and literature, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive understanding of their historical richness and contemporary relevance [1][3][20]. Group 1: Conference Overview - The event was organized by Zhejiang University and the Zhejiang Provincial Modern Literature Research Association, featuring over 60 scholars from various institutions, including Peking University and Waseda University [1][3]. - Keynote speeches emphasized the role of Zhejiang in the New Culture Movement, noting its contribution to modern literature and the importance of "New Youth" in promoting ideological enlightenment and literary revolution [3][4][5]. Group 2: Historical Context and Contributions - The conference discussed the historical contributions of figures like Lu Xun and Mao Dun, highlighting Zhejiang's role as a birthplace for significant literary and ideological developments [4][5]. - The importance of "New Youth" in fostering a dialogue between traditional and modern cultural elements was underscored, with discussions on its impact on Marxism's dissemination in China [3][5]. Group 3: Thematic Reports - Scholars presented diverse perspectives on the complexities of "New Culture" and "New Literature," addressing issues such as the relationship between modern literature and political enlightenment [7][9]. - The reports explored the modernity of "New Literature," tracing its roots to various historical influences, including shifts in values and the evolution of language [9][10]. Group 4: Regional and Cultural Dynamics - The discussions included the regional characteristics of the New Culture Movement, with scholars analyzing the cultural traits of Jiangnan and the impact of local education practices [15]. - The interaction between Chinese modern literature and Southeast Asian literature was examined, revealing mutual influences and the emergence of new literary forms [13]. Group 5: Methodological Innovations - The conference showcased innovative methodologies in literary research, emphasizing the importance of historical context and interdisciplinary approaches [18][20]. - Scholars advocated for a nuanced understanding of the New Culture Movement, distinguishing it from the May Fourth Movement to clarify their distinct historical trajectories [12][14].
回望艰难求索路(创作谈)
Ren Min Ri Bao· 2025-05-21 22:12
Core Viewpoint - The drama "If Life Were as It Was at First Sight" reflects on China's historical struggles and transformations, particularly during the late Qing Dynasty, and serves as a reminder of the past while offering insights for the future [1][2]. Group 1: Historical Context - The series focuses on the period from 1900 to 1912, highlighting the last years of the Qing Dynasty and the impact of the Boxer Rebellion and the signing of the Boxer Protocol in 1901, which marked China's deep entrenchment in a semi-colonial state [1][2]. - The narrative intertwines fictional stories with real historical events, aiming to evoke reflection on past humiliations and the decline of the Qing Dynasty [1][2]. Group 2: Themes and Character Focus - The drama portrays a group of young revolutionaries and patriots who strive to transform the concept of "nation" from a monarch's possession to a collective identity for the people [3]. - It emphasizes the limitations of these idealists, who, despite their aspirations, lacked the foundational beliefs necessary to effectively reshape the nation, leading to a fragmented political landscape post-revolution [3]. Group 3: Educational and Cultural Impact - The series aims to educate viewers about the historical context of China's modernization and the role of youth in shaping national destiny, reflecting on the importance of remembering past struggles to foster a resilient future [2][3].
《新青年》杂志创刊110周年 鲁迅故乡展出76件珍贵文物
Zhong Guo Xin Wen Wang· 2025-05-13 15:36
Core Viewpoint - The exhibition "New Youth · New Awakening - Commemorating the 110th Anniversary of the 'New Youth' Magazine" highlights the historical significance of the magazine in promoting cultural and ideological liberation in China, marking a pivotal moment in the New Culture Movement and the May Fourth Movement [1][3]. Group 1: Exhibition Details - The exhibition consists of two main sections: "Igniting the Torch of New Culture" and "Sounding the Horn of a New Era," showcasing historical materials, images, and artifacts that vividly depict the background, process, and significance of the New Culture Movement and the May Fourth Movement [3]. - A total of 76 valuable cultural relics are displayed, including 2 national first-class cultural relics, 1 national second-class cultural relic, and 3 national third-class cultural relics, allowing visitors to revisit that remarkable historical period [3]. Group 2: Cultural Significance - Lu Xun, a key contributor to the "New Youth" magazine, published several important works in it, including China's first vernacular novel "A Madman's Diary," establishing a lasting connection between Lu Xun and the magazine [5]. - A strategic cooperation framework agreement was signed between the Shaoxing Lu Xun Memorial Hall and the Beijing Lu Xun Museum, aiming for in-depth collaboration in Lu Xun cultural research and exhibitions [5].
少年中国之少年的形塑
Xin Lang Cai Jing· 2025-05-08 04:46
Group 1 - The concept of "youth" and "young China" became familiar among Chinese intellectuals by 1905, influenced by Liang Qichao, leading to a wave of revolutionary and literary figures adopting "youth" as part of their identity [1][3] - The late Qing Dynasty was marked by a sense of optimism among progressive intellectuals who sought to revitalize traditional values to rejuvenate the nation, seeing opportunities for change amidst the collapse of the Qing Empire [3][5] - The emergence of modern education in China began during the Self-Strengthening Movement in the 1860s, with institutions established to teach foreign languages and modern sciences, culminating in systemic reforms in 1898 [4][5] Group 2 - The abolition of the imperial examination system in 1905 marked a significant shift in the educational landscape, allowing for the establishment of modern schools that fostered new ways of thinking and social engagement among youth [5][10] - Prominent intellectuals like Lu Xun and Guo Moruo experienced transformative moments in modern schools, which shaped their understanding of modernity and individual identity [6][9] - The modern student movement began in 1902, with students organizing politically motivated groups, reflecting a growing sense of national consciousness and activism among the youth [15][16] Group 3 - The rise of modern education created a foundation for student movements, which became crucial in the revolutionary activities leading up to the 1911 Revolution, as students sought to liberate themselves from traditional constraints [10][15] - The narrative of youth in revolutionary literature often highlighted the tension between individual self-realization and collective national identity, as seen in the works of various authors [29][30] - The ideals of personal freedom and ethical self-awareness became central themes in the literature of the time, reflecting a broader cultural shift towards modernity and individualism [30][29]
罗志田:文学革命的社会功能与社会反响
Xin Lang Cai Jing· 2025-05-04 04:25
关于新文化运动时期的文学革命,学界已有的研究不可谓不多,但以当事人胡适晚年的看法,文学革命"这一运动时常被人误解了"。周作人则更 早就指出:对民国初年的文学革命,"世上许多褒贬都不免有点误解"。他们所说的误解,到今天仍不同程度地存在。一般对文学革命的成功一 面,似乎都有偏高的评估。 胡适早年曾说:文学革命"之所以当得起'革命'二字,正因为这是一种有意的主张,是一种人力的促进。《新青年》的贡献,只在他那缓步徐行的 文学演进的历程上,猛力加上了一鞭。这一鞭就把人们的眼珠子打出火来了。从前他们可以不睬《水浒传》,可以不睬《红楼梦》,现在他们可 不能不睬《新青年》了"。这更多是从立说者一面看问题。在接收者的一面,立说者的鞭子打得再猛,他们也不见得就要理睬。为什么胡适、陈独 秀一提倡,举国就能和之? 陈独秀在当时的解释是:"中国近来产业发达、人口集中,白话文完全是应这个需要而发生而存在的。适之等若在三十年前提倡白话文,只需章行 严一篇文章便驳得烟消灰灭。"这一说法是否正确且不论,但至少提示了一个从接收者一面考察以认识文学革命的重要路径。 《新青年》已使人"不能不睬"这个历史事实,提示着世风的明显转移。而世风的转移,又与 ...