事关温室气体减排方案，欧盟委员会对波兰提起诉讼。 当地时间10月8日，欧盟委员会宣布，已决定就波兰未能提交最终更新版国家能源与气候 计划，向欧盟法院提起诉讼。 根据欧盟法规，所有成员国均须在2024年6月30日前向欧盟委员会提交更新后的计划。 在这些文件中，各成员国需阐明其实现欧盟气候目标的具体路径。各国于2019年首次提 交 了 规 划 当 前 十 年 政 策 方 向 的 能 源 气 候 计 划 。 然 而 ， 随 着 欧 洲 绿 色 协 议 等 方 案 计 划 将 2030年温室气体减排目标提升至（较1990年水平削减）55%，各成员国必须相应更新 其承诺方案。 欧盟委员会已于2023年与2024年之交就波兰未按时提交计划草案一事启动侵权诉讼程 序。在收到相关文件后，虽已终止该程序，但在对波兰计划方案的评估意见中，仍要求波 兰政府提高2030年脱碳目标。 10月7日，欧盟委员会还向欧洲法院起诉波兰未能提交国家长期气候战略。该文件应于 2020 年 1 月 1 日 提 交 ， 并 应 概 述 到 2050 年 减 少 温 室 气 体 排 放 的 连 贯 计 划 ， 该 计 划 应 与 《巴黎协定》相一致。波 ...

报告呼吁欧洲国家通过"欧洲绿色协议"等政策路径，加快生产和消费体系转型，实现经济脱碳、循 环利用和减少污染，并推广基于自然的解决方案，以增强社会韧性、减少对能源和原材料进口的依赖， 推动绿色创新。 欧洲环境署执行主任莱娜·于莱－莫诺宁表示，欧洲国家不能削弱在气候、环境和可持续发展方面 的雄心。这份环境状况报告明确指出了科学知识与行动的必要性。当下采取的行动将决定欧洲的未来。 欧洲环境署每五年发布一次环境状况报告，《欧洲环境2025》是自1995年以来发布的第7份报告。 新华社奥斯陆9月29日电（记者张玉亮）哥本哈根消息：总部位于丹麦哥本哈根的欧洲环境署29日 发布报告说，尽管欧洲在减少温室气体排放和空气污染方面已取得显著进展，但整体环境状况并不乐 观，尤其是自然环境仍在遭受退化、过度开发和生物多样性丧失的威胁，这种趋势将对欧洲的经济繁 荣、安全和居民生活质量带来重大风险。 这份名为《欧洲环境2025》的报告指出，由于不可持续的生产和消费模式，欧洲陆地、淡水和海洋 生态系统的生物多样性持续下降，且未来预计将继续恶化；欧洲水资源承受严重压力，约三分之一的欧 洲人口和领土面临缺水风险；此外，欧洲是全球变暖最快的大陆 ...

Core Points - The article discusses the increasing political vulnerability of Ursula von der Leyen, President of the European Commission, as she faces a new vote of no confidence shortly after a previous one, despite having majority support [1][12] - The article highlights von der Leyen's declining reputation, which has shifted from being seen as a reliable leader to facing criticism from various political factions and the public [2][5] - The article outlines von der Leyen's challenges in balancing climate initiatives with economic recovery, leading to internal conflicts within the EU [3][4] - The article details von der Leyen's recent State of the Union address, which aimed to address pressing issues such as security, economic recovery, and social policies, while also facing interruptions and criticism during the speech [7][11] Group 1: Political Context - Von der Leyen's leadership has been marked by significant achievements, including vaccine procurement during the pandemic and a strong stance against Russia during the Ukraine conflict, which initially bolstered her reputation [2] - However, her recent decisions, particularly regarding trade agreements with the U.S. and climate policies, have led to a sharp decline in public support, with 60% of respondents in a recent poll believing she should resign [5][9] - The internal EU tensions have been exacerbated by ideological conflicts, particularly regarding the EU's response to the Israel-Palestine conflict and climate initiatives [3][4] Group 2: Recent Developments - In her recent address, von der Leyen proposed new initiatives for security and economic recovery, including a "drone wall" for Baltic states and a plan to utilize frozen Russian assets for Ukraine [8] - She also addressed social issues, committing to eliminate poverty by 2050 and proposing a "Quality Jobs Act" to align modern employment with economic needs [9][10] - Despite her efforts, the address was met with interruptions and criticism, and a new vote of no confidence was initiated shortly after, indicating ongoing political instability [11][12]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the increasing internal divisions within Europe regarding environmental policies, particularly in light of recent extreme weather events and the economic challenges facing the region. The debate over air conditioning in France exemplifies the broader conflict between economic survival and environmental ideology [1][2][3]. Group 1: Environmental Policy Divisions - The "air conditioning debate" in France reflects a growing divide in environmental approaches, with right-wing parties advocating for immediate comfort measures while left-wing factions warn against exacerbating environmental crises [2][3]. - The "Duplomb Law" has intensified conflicts among French political parties, agricultural organizations, and environmentalists, showcasing a clear ideological split [3][4]. - The rise of extreme right parties in the EU, such as the "European Patriots" group, indicates a shift away from previously strong support for green agendas, now prioritizing economic concerns over environmental commitments [4][5]. Group 2: Economic Factors Influencing Environmental Policies - Economic pressures, including inflation and competition, have led to a reevaluation of green policies in Europe, with many parties now prioritizing economic survival over environmental ideals [9][10]. - The EU's focus on competitiveness has overshadowed climate policies, as public concern has shifted towards economic security and international conflicts, relegating climate issues to a lower priority [10][11]. - The backlash against stringent environmental regulations, such as the internal combustion engine ban, highlights the tension between industrial needs and environmental goals, with significant job losses reported in the automotive sector [11]. Group 3: Climate Change Impact - Europe has experienced unprecedented extreme weather events, with wildfires and floods causing significant damage and highlighting the urgent need for effective climate adaptation strategies [12][13]. - The European Environment Agency's report indicates that Europe is ill-prepared for climate change impacts, necessitating a balanced approach to environmental and economic policies [13].

Core Points - The "Clean Industry Agreement" aims to accelerate decarbonization and ensure the future of manufacturing in Europe, focusing on energy-intensive industries and clean technologies [1][2] - The agreement is a continuation of the "European Green Deal," emphasizing the importance of sustainable development and the return of strategic production to Europe [1][2] - It aims to create high-quality jobs and enhance economic autonomy by reducing reliance on external supplies [1][2] Group 1: Key Priorities of the Clean Industry Agreement - The agreement promotes investment in renewable energy and nuclear power to stabilize the energy system [1][2] - It aims to establish an interconnected energy alliance to provide affordable and predictable electricity prices, fostering attractive conditions for new investments [2][3] - The legislation framework under the net-zero emissions industry regulations supports the development of manufacturing technologies for solar panels and wind turbines [2][3] Group 2: Enhancing Energy Competitiveness - The Clean Industry Agreement includes specific legislation to modernize electricity transmission infrastructure, aiming to balance electricity prices across member states [3][6] - Lower and predictable energy prices are expected to reduce production costs and enhance the competitiveness of European companies in the global market [3][6] - The Energy Efficiency Directive (EU) 2023/1791 introduces mechanisms to reduce energy consumption and improve energy efficiency in public buildings [3][6] Group 3: Promoting Sustainable Technology Innovation - The EU actively supports innovation and investment in sustainable technologies through financial mechanisms like the recovery plan, emphasizing green technologies [4][6] - Member states receive additional support to create conditions for public-private partnerships, which are crucial for achieving long-term goals [4][6] - The net-zero emissions industry regulations facilitate the construction of strategic projects across Europe, prioritizing companies developing new technologies [4][6] Group 4: Cooperation Mechanisms for Energy Connectivity - The EU relies on cross-border cooperation to improve energy connectivity and stability, including the construction of strategic electricity transmission infrastructure [6] - Financial incentives are provided through European funds to support infrastructure modernization [6] - The Energy Efficiency Directive (EU) 2023/1791 mandates annual renovations of public buildings to meet energy-saving standards, contributing to a more interconnected energy network [6]