原标题：全国人大代表，广东职业技术学院教师、佛山市智荟蓝天环保科技有限公司技术顾问苏荣欢： 推动固体废物综合治理 实施固体废物综合治理行动应建立规则（包括技术指引和能源一致性）标准，缩小区域之间的差异。当 前固体废物处理在不同区域处理、处置规范标准差异较大，造成产业在不同地域成本差别显著。这导致 产废企业和第三方运营单位在跨区域转移经营时面临困扰，也给监管工作带来难度。建议明确各类固体 废物的处理流程、技术指标和质量要求，让企业有章可循，让监管有据可依。 资源循环利用是固体废物综合治理的关键环节。应积极推动固体废物从"废弃物"向"资源"的转变。就像 构建高效物流体系能促进商品流通一样，要打通固体废物资源化利用的渠道。鼓励企业探索创新处理技 术，提高固体废物的回收利用率。同时，加强不同产业间的协同合作，让固体废物在产业链中实现高效 流转、"变废为宝"，创造更大的经济和环境效益。 行业内的低价无序竞争问题不容忽视。一些企业为追求短期利益，以低价承接业务，却在处理固体废物 过程中偷工减料，不仅影响处理效果，还破坏了整个行业的生态。应强化监管执法，加大对违规企业的 处罚力度，建立严格的行业准入和退出机制，推动行业健康 ...

我国每年新增固体废物有100多亿吨，如果不妥善处理与利用，既严重污染环境，又对资源造成极大浪费。近日，生态环境部宣布，在"十五五"期间，大力 推广"无废城市"建设，把试点城市推广到200个左右，目标是到2027年，全国60%的城市都开展这项建设，到2035年全部覆盖。 简单说，"无废城市"里的"废"，指的是固体废物。这包括我们日常生活中最常见的生活垃圾、装修建筑产生的建筑垃圾、工厂的工业废料、农田的农业废弃 物，以及一些危险废物。 什么是"无废城市"？ 中国社科院生态文明研究所资源与环境经济研究室副主任 丛晓男：再有就是新兴固废。它又包含电子垃圾，像这种风机叶片，还有太阳能光伏板，新能源 汽车的锂电池，这些跟新能源发展相关的产品将来报废所形成的这种废弃物。 目前，全国600多个大中城市，普遍面临固体垃圾产生量大、堆积量高的问题，这已经成了一个突出的"城市病"。 中国社科院生态文明研究所资源与环境经济研究室副主任 丛晓男：历史上我们大量产废，包括生活垃圾、工业废渣，实际上大量的堆积并没有得到及时和 有效的处理，它可能产生很多环境的风险，包括对水体的污染，对大气的污染，对土壤的污染，进而可能对人体的健康也造成一些 ...

Core Viewpoint - The 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has made systematic deployments for accelerating economic and social development through comprehensive green transformation, specifically emphasizing the implementation of a solid waste comprehensive management action plan [1] Group 1: Development History of Solid Waste Management - China's solid waste management began in the 1970s and 1980s, with the Solid Waste Pollution Prevention Law enacted in 1996 marking the start of legal governance in this area [2] - The law has undergone several revisions, enhancing pollution prevention measures and clarifying responsibilities since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party [2] - Significant reforms have been implemented, including mandatory waste classification and the prohibition of foreign waste imports, leading to the establishment of a "waste-free city" pilot program [2][3] Group 2: Current Progress and Future Directions - During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, major advancements in solid waste management have been achieved, including the near-completion of zero import reforms and the implementation of differentiated management for five categories of solid waste [3] - The State Council has issued the Solid Waste Comprehensive Management Action Plan, outlining key tasks for the next five years, focusing on source reduction, standardized collection, resource utilization, harmless disposal, and special rectification [3] Group 3: Policy and Regulatory Shortcomings - The current policy and regulatory framework for solid waste management is fragmented, with laws scattered across multiple regulations, leading to conflicts and unclear definitions [4][5] - The existing regulatory system relies heavily on punitive measures, with insufficient positive incentives for resource utilization and recycling [6][7] Group 4: Pathways for Strengthening Legal and Policy Framework - The 15th Five-Year Plan should focus on achieving carbon peak goals, emphasizing systematic governance and circular economy principles to transition from fragmented control to comprehensive management [8] - Key recommendations include integrating existing laws into a cohesive legal framework, revising critical regulations, and enhancing accountability and credit supervision [9] Group 5: Enhancing Support and Incentives - A balanced policy toolbox should be developed, incorporating tax incentives, green procurement, and resource utilization subsidies to encourage source reduction and recycling [10] - Financial policies should be strengthened to support solid waste management projects, including the establishment of specialized funds and promoting green finance [10] Group 6: Collaborative Governance Mechanisms - A high-level inter-departmental coordination mechanism should be established to unify policy goals and enhance collaborative regulation across various sectors [11] - Cross-regional cooperation mechanisms for solid waste disposal should be developed, including ecological compensation systems and standardized transfer processes for hazardous waste [11][12]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recently released "Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Action Plan" by the State Council, emphasizing the need for sustainable business models in solid waste management to address the significant challenges posed by the large volume of solid waste generated in China [2][5]. Group 1: Current Market and Challenges - China's solid waste treatment market has reached a scale of 945.877 billion yuan in 2024, indicating substantial growth potential as both historical and current solid waste needs to be managed under the principles of a circular economy [3]. - The annual generation of solid waste exceeds 11 billion tons, including industrial, construction, household, agricultural, and hazardous waste, presenting numerous challenges in comprehensive management [2]. Group 2: Government Role and Policy Support - The government plays a crucial role in providing policy support for the solid waste treatment industry, utilizing investment, technology, land use, and tax incentives to foster sustainable business models [5]. - Specific policies include coordinating existing funding channels for resource recycling projects and ensuring that at least 1% of industrial land is allocated for resource recycling facilities [5]. Group 3: Technological Advancements - Technological progress is fundamental for improving both input and output in solid waste management, with recent breakthroughs in key technologies being widely applied [6][7]. - The Action Plan calls for continued research and development of critical recycling technologies and major equipment, with active participation from fiscal investments, social capital, and enterprises [7]. Group 4: Business Model Development - There is a need for operating entities to explore and establish unique business models, transitioning from a "project-led" to a "model-led" approach in solid waste management [8]. - The competitive landscape in the solid waste treatment sector is intensifying, with a minimum registered capital of 100 million yuan becoming the baseline for participation, highlighting the importance of having a mature business model for sustainable growth [8].

Group 1 - Guangzhou aims to advance the "waste-free city" initiative by 2025, focusing on solid waste reduction, resource utilization, and harmless disposal [1][2] - The city is enhancing its hazardous waste collection network, implementing regulations for the recycling of used batteries from electric bicycles, and has established 2,185 intelligent collection facilities for waste mineral oil [1] - A pilot program for the centralized collection of waste lead-acid batteries is expected to yield a total collection of approximately 33,000 tons by 2025, representing a year-on-year increase of 35.6% [1] Group 2 - Guangzhou is conducting special inspections and remediation actions, verifying 57 illegal solid waste disposal cases and cleaning approximately 38,800 tons of various solid waste [2] - The city is focusing on the meticulous management of hazardous waste, with a 99.89% compliance rate in annual assessments of hazardous waste generation units, marking a continuous increase over three years [2] - By 2026, Guangzhou plans to deepen the "waste-free city" initiative, supporting high-quality development through a high-quality ecological environment [2]

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese government has launched a comprehensive action plan for solid waste management, aiming to tackle illegal disposal and promote sustainable waste practices across the country [1][3]. Group 1: Solid Waste Generation and Issues - China generates over 11 billion tons of solid waste annually, including industrial waste, construction debris, and household garbage [1]. - Illegal disposal of construction and household waste remains a significant issue, with a wide-ranging impact on the environment [1]. Group 2: Special Rectification Actions - The Ministry of Ecology and Environment is conducting a special campaign against illegal solid waste disposal, identifying 27,000 issues nationwide by the end of 2025 [3]. - Of the identified issues, construction waste accounts for 45%, household waste for 33%, and industrial solid waste for 10% [3]. Group 3: Future Plans and Goals - By 2027, the proportion of "waste-free cities" in China is expected to reach 60%, with full coverage aimed for by 2035 [6]. - The Ministry plans to expand the "waste-free city" initiative to around 200 cities during the 14th Five-Year Plan, focusing on key urban areas [8]. Group 4: Construction Waste Management - The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development will include costs related to construction waste management in project budgets, promoting green construction practices [10]. - Measures will be taken to enhance source management, including the implementation of construction waste classification and the installation of satellite tracking systems on transport vehicles [12].

Core Viewpoint - The State Council has issued the "Solid Waste Comprehensive Governance Action Plan," emphasizing the importance of solid waste management in promoting a beautiful China and accelerating the green transformation of economic and social development [1] Group 1: Action Plan Overview - The action plan outlines the overall approach, work objectives, key tasks, and support measures for solid waste governance, addressing prominent issues in solid waste management with systematic and integrated policy measures [1][2] - It marks the first comprehensive deployment document for solid waste governance in China, complementing previous pollution prevention documents related to water, soil, and air [1] Group 2: Key Principles and Goals - The governance approach follows the principles of "reduction, resource utilization, and harmlessness," with a focus on enhancing resource utilization efficiency [2] - China generates over 11 billion tons of industrial solid waste and construction waste annually, necessitating a three-year special rectification action against illegal dumping [2] Group 3: Specific Initiatives - The "Zero Waste City" initiative will be expanded to around 200 cities during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, promoting collaborative efforts in key urban regions [3] - The Ministry of Agriculture will focus on solid waste management in agriculture, emphasizing the recycling of agricultural waste and the promotion of biodegradable materials [4] Group 4: Construction Waste Management - The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development will enhance construction waste management through source management, green construction practices, and the establishment of temporary storage facilities [5] - A comprehensive electronic management system will be implemented to ensure effective construction waste disposal [5] Group 5: Industrial Solid Waste Utilization - The comprehensive utilization rate of major industrial solid waste in China is reported to be 57%, with ongoing efforts to reduce waste generation and promote green manufacturing [5] - The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will focus on advancing comprehensive utilization technologies and managing key waste categories [5]

Group 1 - The core idea of the news is the promotion of "waste-free cities" in approximately 200 cities during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, aiming to enhance the green foundation of Chinese modernization [1] - Since the pilot program began in 2018, 113 cities and 8 regions have engaged in "waste-free city" construction, with over 1 trillion yuan invested and thousands of "waste-free cells" established [1] - Despite positive data, challenges remain, such as high solid waste storage levels and insufficient hazardous waste disposal rates, indicating a gap between data and reality [1] Group 2 - Economic incentives are crucial for driving participation in "waste-free city" initiatives, as merely advocating for environmental protection is insufficient [2] - The concept of waste as a "misplaced resource" highlights the need to create pathways for businesses and individuals to transform resources into assets [2] - In Guangzhou, the switch to "green electricity" for waste treatment has proven effective, with significant energy generation from waste incineration and a notable increase in the oil yield from kitchen waste [2] Group 3 - Continuous technological upgrades are essential for overcoming obstacles in "waste-free" initiatives, necessitating support for research and development [3] - Collaborative innovation mechanisms between industry, academia, and research institutions are vital for the application of technological advancements [3] - Successful examples, such as the collaboration in Hubei for soil improvement using industrial solid waste, illustrate the potential for comprehensive waste utilization [3]

Core Viewpoint - The "Solid Waste Ten Measures" plan is a significant policy milestone in China's environmental protection sector, emphasizing technological innovation as the core driver for enhancing solid waste management and promoting a "circular economy" [1][2]. Group 1: Key Objectives and Targets - By 2030, the plan aims for substantial improvements in solid waste management, including controlling historical waste stockpiles and curbing illegal disposal practices, with a target of 4.5 billion tons of annual comprehensive utilization of major solid waste and 510 million tons of annual recycling of key resources [1]. - A three-year special action against illegal disposal of solid waste will be initiated in 2025, focusing on hazardous waste, industrial solid waste, construction debris, and household waste [1]. Group 2: Emphasis on Resource Recycling - The plan highlights the importance of resource recycling, setting specific targets for the comprehensive utilization of major solid waste and recycling of key resources [2]. - It mandates that at least 1% of industrial land be allocated for resource recycling facility construction and emphasizes the integration of waste classification and storage into public infrastructure [2]. Group 3: Technological Innovation and Regulation - The plan stresses the need for technological innovation to support solid waste recycling and heavy metal pollution control, advocating for the development of key technologies and major equipment for resource recycling [2]. - It calls for enhanced information technology capabilities for monitoring the entire lifecycle of solid waste, promoting smart monitoring upgrades for enterprises to ensure traceability and control throughout the waste management process [3].

Core Viewpoint - The "Solid Waste Comprehensive Management Action Plan" (referred to as "Solid Waste Ten Measures") is a significant policy milestone in China's environmental protection sector, emphasizing technological innovation as the core driving force for enhancing "solid waste circular economy" [1] Group 1: Policy Objectives - By 2030, the plan aims for significant improvements in solid waste management, including effective control of historical waste stockpiles and a reduction in illegal dumping, with annual comprehensive utilization of major solid waste reaching 4.5 billion tons and recycling of key resources reaching 510 million tons [1] - A three-year special action against illegal dumping of solid waste will be initiated in 2025, focusing on hazardous waste, industrial solid waste, construction waste, and household waste [1] Group 2: Resource Utilization and Technological Innovation - The plan emphasizes resource recycling, setting specific targets for the annual comprehensive utilization of major solid waste and recycling of key resources, while also integrating waste classification and storage into public infrastructure [2] - It promotes the development of key technologies for solid waste recycling and heavy metal pollution control, highlighting that technological innovation is essential for transforming low-quality solid waste into high-value products [2] Group 3: Regulatory and Monitoring Enhancements - The plan calls for improved information-based regulatory capabilities, advocating for the use of smart monitoring systems to ensure traceability and control throughout the entire lifecycle of solid waste [3] - It suggests that for solid waste that is currently uneconomical to recycle, compliant sanitary landfilling or ecological disposal methods should be employed until conditions for recycling are met [3]