技术援助报告 致谢 全球公共财政伙伴关系 摩尔多瓦共和国 推进审计改革 2025年11月 由苏珊·贝茨编制 作者部门 财政事务部 ©2026 国际货币基金组织 本报告内容构成国际货币基金组织（IMF）工作人员向摩尔多瓦当局（"技术援助接受方"）提供的专业技术建议，回应了 其技术援助请求。本报告（全部或部分）或其摘要可由IMF向IMF执行董事及其工作人员、以及其他技术援助接受方机关 或机构披露，根据其要求，还可向对技术援助有合法兴趣的世界银行工作人员和其他技术援助提供者和捐赠者披露，除 非技术援助接受方明确反对此类披露（见 员工技术援助信息传播操作指南 披露此报告（全部或部分）或其摘要给IMF 以外的各方，但仅限于TA受益机构的机构或工具、世界银行工作人员、其他技术援助提供者和有合法利益捐赠者，则需 要TA受益机构和IMF财政事务部的明确同意。 这项技术援助（TA）得到了财务支持，由…… 全球公共财政伙伴关系（GPFP） . 国际货币基金组织，IMF出版物，邮编92780，美国 华盛顿特区20090，电话：（1）202.623.7430 传真 ：（1）202.623.7201 publications@IMF. ...

Group 1 - The World Bank has raised its global growth forecast for 2026 to 2.6%, up from the previous estimate of 2.4% made in June [1] - The U.S. economic growth forecast for this year has been significantly increased from 1.6% to 2.2% [1] - The global growth forecast for 2025 is estimated at 2.7%, driven by three main factors: preemptive stockpiling by businesses and households before the implementation of tariffs, the actual economic suppression effect of high tariffs being weaker than expected, and sustained spending in the information and technology sectors providing structural support for growth [1] Group 2 - The World Bank's Deputy Chief Economist, Ayhan Kose, noted that global growth is trapped within a specific range, showing resilience but failing to accelerate [2] - Since 2023, actual GDP growth has fluctuated between 2.6% and 2.8%, contrasting sharply with the average growth rate of 3.2% during the decade before the pandemic (2010-2019) [2] - The World Bank's report indicates that global inflation is expected to slightly decrease to 2.6% in 2026, which is 0.3 percentage points lower than previous expectations [2] Group 3 - Brent crude oil prices are projected to decline from an average of $69 per barrel in 2025 to $60 per barrel in 2026 [3] Group 4 - In the next decade, 1.2 billion young people in emerging markets will reach working age, making job creation a pressing priority [4]

（原标题：国际货币基金组织通过对加第5次审查） 据"加纳商业"网12月18日报道，国际货币基金组织（IMF）执行董事会批准了对加纳IMF支持计划 的第5次审查。此次批准反映了加纳在扩展信贷机制（ECF）计划下的良好表现，并认可了加政府为恢 复宏观经济稳定、加强公共财政和支持经济复苏所做出的持续努力。第5次审查完成后，为IMF第6批 3.8亿美元救助发放铺平了道路。 ...

Group 1 - International institutions such as the World Bank, IMF, and ADB have raised their growth forecasts for China's economy for next year, with the World Bank increasing by 0.4 percentage points, IMF by 0.2 percentage points, and ADB by 0.1 percentage points, indicating a consensus in their updated judgment logic [1][3] - China's economic resilience has proven stronger than many anticipated at the beginning of the year, supported by sustained fiscal efforts and loose monetary policy, which have kept consumption and investment active under pressure [3] - The diversification of export markets has provided more stable support for external demand, prompting international institutions to reassess their growth expectations for the coming year [3] Group 2 - The World Bank's chief economist for China, Melissa, believes that China's long-term growth potential remains considerable, with key factors being technological innovation and productivity improvement, suggesting that the potential growth rate is not declining as rapidly as feared [3] - IMF President Georgieva emphasized the importance of domestic demand, noting that China is enhancing consumption stability through targeted policy measures such as improving the social security system and providing childcare subsidies, which will positively impact mid-term growth quality [3] - The expectation of improved certainty in the operating environment is seen as beneficial for both consumer spending and corporate investment, which will support the financial sector, small and medium enterprises, and asset allocation needs [3][4]

Core Viewpoint - The opening of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) Shanghai Center signifies China's commitment to multilateralism and global governance, enhancing cooperation with the IMF and promoting macroeconomic policy exchange in the Asia-Pacific region [1][2][3] Group 1: IMF Shanghai Center Significance - The IMF Shanghai Center's operation reflects China's firm stance on cooperative win-win partnerships with the IMF, aiming to deepen collaboration and maintain global and regional financial stability [1] - The center is expected to serve as a hub for research and policy reference for emerging markets and middle-income countries, facilitating dialogue among regional members and various stakeholders [3] Group 2: Support from Chinese Authorities - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) will continue to support the development of the Shanghai Center in collaboration with the Shanghai municipal government and the IMF [1] - The Shanghai municipal government aims to enhance the competitiveness and influence of Shanghai as an international financial center, leveraging the IMF Shanghai Center to expand high-level financial openness [2]

Core Viewpoint - The establishment and operational launch of the IMF Shanghai Center marks a significant milestone in Shanghai's development as an international financial center, enhancing China's role in global financial governance and promoting a more inclusive and pragmatic international economic order [1][2][6]. Group 1: IMF Shanghai Center's Objectives and Significance - The IMF Shanghai Center aims to strengthen communication and cooperation between the IMF and Asia-Pacific economies, focusing on research in areas of interest to emerging markets and middle-income countries, and providing targeted capacity-building support [1][5]. - The center's operation is seen as a catalyst for elevating Shanghai's status as a key hub in the international financial network, reflecting China's increasing influence in global financial governance [2][3]. Group 2: Strategic Implications for Shanghai - The establishment of the IMF Shanghai Center is part of a broader trend of international economic organizations setting up in Shanghai, which is becoming a critical node in the global financial landscape [2][3]. - Shanghai's local government is committed to creating favorable conditions for the center's efficient operation, which is expected to enhance the city's attractiveness to international financial institutions and facilitate the gathering of global financial resources [2][4]. Group 3: Enhancing Global Financial Governance - The IMF Shanghai Center is positioned to facilitate the introduction of international regulatory standards and serve as a platform for sharing China's experiences and solutions with the global community [4][6]. - The center's establishment reflects China's determination to deepen its participation in global financial governance, transitioning from a rule-taker to a rule-maker in the international economic system [6][7].

Core Viewpoint - The opening of the IMF Shanghai Center signifies a commitment to enhancing cooperation and dialogue between the IMF and Asia-Pacific economies, focusing on macroeconomic policy exchange and financial stability [1][2]. Group 1: Opening Ceremony - The IMF Shanghai Center officially opened on December 8, with key figures including IMF President Kristalina Georgieva, PBOC Governor Pan Gongsheng, and Shanghai Mayor Gong Zheng in attendance [1]. - The center aims to strengthen the IMF's engagement with emerging markets and middle-income countries, providing targeted capacity-building support [1]. Group 2: Statements from Officials - Pan Gongsheng emphasized the importance of the center in promoting a fair global governance system and enhancing cooperation between the IMF and China, as well as facilitating macroeconomic policy coordination among Asia-Pacific countries [1]. - Kristalina Georgieva congratulated the Shanghai Center, highlighting its role as a hub for policy research and dialogue among regional stakeholders [2]. - Mayor Gong Zheng expressed hopes that the center would support Shanghai's development as an international financial center through policy research and cooperation [2].

Core Viewpoint - The International Monetary Fund (IMF) officially launched its Shanghai Regional Center on December 8, marking the beginning of its operational phase, which aims to enhance cooperation with the dynamic Asia-Pacific region [1][2]. Group 1: Purpose and Functionality - The IMF Shanghai Center, located at 777 Zhongshan South Road, Huangpu District, will serve as a hub for research and knowledge sharing, providing information for policy-making in emerging markets and middle-income countries [2]. - The center aims to deepen dialogue and exchange with members, regional institutions, and other stakeholders in the region, collaborating with the China International Monetary Fund Capacity Development Center (CICDC) to maximize synergies [2]. Group 2: Leadership and Expertise - Johannes Wiegand has been appointed as the first director of the IMF Shanghai Center, bringing over 25 years of experience as an economist at the IMF, with expertise in various fields including structural transformation and growth in the Asia-Pacific region [3]. - Deputy Director Cao Li has held senior positions in the People's Bank of China and has extensive experience in policy research and practice across multiple domains, including global financial crisis response and sustainable development [3]. Group 3: Research Focus - The Shanghai Center will focus on three main areas: improving the business environment to unleash private sector potential, leveraging new technologies in the financial sector while maintaining stability, and adapting to changing global trade dynamics to ensure trade remains a growth engine [5][6]. - The center aims to identify regulatory reforms needed to enhance the business environment, emphasizing the removal of outdated regulations to facilitate the flexible movement of production factors [5]. - It will also explore how to balance innovation and financial stability in the context of new technologies, particularly artificial intelligence, which has the potential to increase economic growth by 0.8 to 1 percentage point annually [6]. - Lastly, the center will investigate necessary reforms to maintain trade as a growth driver amidst evolving global trade patterns, including regional integration efforts that could potentially increase GDP by 8% in the long term [6].

中经记者 郝亚娟 夏欣 上海、北京报道 上海中心将为加强IMF与充满活力的亚太地区的合作发挥重要作用。该中心将作为一个促进研究和知识 分享的枢纽，为新兴市场和中等收入国家相关领域的政策制定提供参考。上海中心旨在深化IMF与该地 区的成员国、区域性机构和其他利益相关方的对话和外联工作。 （编辑：杨井鑫 审核：朱紫云 校对：颜京宁） 12月8日，国际货币基金组织（IMF）宣布上海中心正式启动运营。 ...

12月8日，国际货币基金组织(IMF)宣布上海中心正式启动运营，魏翰泽(Johannes Wiegand)将担任上海 中心主任。 央行行长潘功胜在启动仪式上表示，欢迎IMF在上海设立区域中心，相信上海中心将深化IMF与中国的 合作，增强亚太区域国家间宏观经济政策交流和协调，推动维护全球和区域金融稳定。 IMF指出，上海中心将在加强IMF与充满活力的亚太地区之间的合作中发挥重要作用，该中心将为新兴 市场和中等收入国家相关领域的政策制定提供参考。此外，上海中心还旨在深化IMF与该地区的成员 国、区域性机构和其他利益相关方的对话和外联工作。 "他具备深厚的IMF相关知识，并在全球政策研究与学术界拥有广泛的合作网络。"IMF表示，魏翰泽是 IMF资深经济学家，在全球和地区经济政策问题上拥有丰富的经验。 去年6月，在陆家嘴论坛期间，IMF与中国人民银行宣布将在上海成立一个新的IMF区域中心。央行彼 时消息显示，上海中心是IMF在全球设立的区域中心之一，旨在加强IMF与亚太地区经济体的交流与合 作，就新兴市场和中等收入国家关注领域开展相关研究，为区域内经济体提供有针对性的能力建设支 持，维护全球和区域金融稳定。 ...