日前，我省正式启动科研项目经费"包干制"试点工作，四川大学、电子科技大学、西南交通大学、 四川农业大学、成都理工大学、西南石油大学、西南科技大学等7所高校纳入试点单位。 为何要推行"包干制"试点工作？试点工作如何开展？试点"包干制"资金如何管理？记者带着问题采 访了相关人士。 一问：为啥推行"包干制"试点工作？ 多年来，我国科研项目经费使用采取预算制。"'买酱油的钱不能买醋'是预算制的最大弊端。"省科 技促进发展研究中心副主任王楠说，预算制的经费申报对科研人员是束缚而不是支撑。 这一思路被很多科研人员称为"拿做工程的办法来做科研"。工程是有成熟流程的技术，可以精准预 算。但科研特别是基础研究、前沿探索，路线具有不确定性，方法也存在多路径性，突发情况下的经费 无法预算。 同时，不同类别的经费不能混用，科研人员在预算上要花费很多精力。一线科研人员和管理者对此 深有体会。四川大学科学技术发展研究院副院长吴尧感慨，预算申报卡得严，修改技术路线引起经费使 用变化，需要层层审批，耗费了很多时间和精力。 而科研经费"包干制"是指在支出项目符合规定的基础上，由项目负责人来管理科研项目经费的使 用。"国家用预算制对经费申报加强 ...

0 b I 10 r LTF No 1 a l 精神 E real 在线 在线上面线在线体育 e (6) ARISE t as < 14 提起抗日战争期间的学术存续,人们经常会想起西南联大的传奇。其实,在这场全民族抗战中,还有许多高 校、科研机构的科技工作者,以科学为武器,与全国军民一道,同日本侵略者展开殊死搏斗,不仅为战争胜利 作出巨大贡献,也推动了中国科学事业的薪火相传。广西科学技术出版社"知了"品牌推出的《奋起:抗战 中的科学与科学家》,就是一本聚焦科学与知识分子独特贡献的专著。书中那些真实故事,展现了科学家 胸怀家国、矢志创新的精神风范。 □永新 来自李约瑟的观察 1943年2月24日,一架穿越"驼峰航线"的运输机降落在昆明机场,机舱内走出了一位外国人,他就是英国胚 胎生物化学家,后来成为中国科学技术史专家的李约瑟。当时,中国正处于抗日战争最艰难的阶段,科研机 构在战火中东迁西徙。他亲眼见证了抗战时期中国科学与知识分子的鲜活细节,《奋起》一书通过分析 相关考察资料,详细梳理了其中的脉络。 李约瑟在昆明的首次考察,便震撼于中国科学家开展研究的场景。在清华大学农业研究所,汤佩松团队面 向战时需要,开展的从 ...

Core Viewpoint - China is advancing high-quality development with a focus on technological innovation, industrial upgrading, and institutional resilience, providing stability to the global economy amidst geopolitical tensions and trade disputes [1][3]. Group 1: Economic Development and Resilience - The economic development in China is characterized not only by growth in economic output but also by systemic innovation and the construction of industrial ecosystems, as seen in the automotive industry [3][5]. - The uncertainty in the global trade system, exacerbated by fluctuating U.S. policies, has increased operational difficulties for businesses and diminished global innovation efficiency [3][11]. - China's five-year plans are crucial for economic development, providing a framework for action and demonstrating continuity in policy execution, which contributes to economic resilience [7][15]. Group 2: Long-term Vision and Strategic Planning - Chinese leaders exhibit significant patience and a long-term vision in decision-making, focusing on sustainable development rather than short-term results, which fosters optimism about China's future [15]. - The concept of "resilience" is emphasized, particularly in the context of decision-making under uncertainty, highlighting the importance of flexibility in economic planning [8]. Group 3: Free Trade and Global Cooperation - Embracing free trade is seen as essential for prosperity, with countries that support open trade likely to fare better than those that do not [12][13]. - Events like the China International Import Expo (CIIE) serve as platforms for promoting trade and cooperation, sending positive signals to the global economy [13]. - The current global trade environment is influenced by U.S. policies, which have led to increased costs and disrupted business operations, underscoring the need for innovative solutions in supply chain management [11][14].

当具身智能成为全球科技竞逐的核心赛道,科研领域对 "智能技术如何服务日常研究" 的实践探索愈发迫 切。第六届社会计算国际会议(6th International Conference on Social Computing,简称ICSC 2025)将于2025 年12月12日至2025年12月13日在复旦大学江湾校区举行。作为 ICSC 2025 具身智能分论坛的支持单位, 上海领研未来智能科技有限公司始终聚焦科研学子核心需求,携手旗下品牌考博猫,在这场汇聚全球智慧 的学术盛会上,为博士群体搭建起理论与实践深度融合的桥梁。 论坛核心环节聚焦"未来已来:科研领域大数据和大模型带来的高水平博士变革"主题分享,考博猫深度参 与其中,以"理论+实操"的形式助力科研效率升级。分享中拆解的"大模型辅助论文写作三步法""大数据 分析低成本工具清单",以及"智能实验设备自主数据采集""多模态数据助力病例特征分析"等具身智能落 地案例,均源自考博猫在科研教育领域的长期积累。此外,开放研讨环节中,考博猫团队协同参会者围 绕"不同学科智能工具选择""科研数据隐私保护"等实际问题深度碰撞,让交流成果真正转化为可落地的 科研方法。 声 ...

Group 1 - The first "UNESCO-Uzbekistan Beruniy Prize for Scientific Research on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence" was awarded to Tsinghua University's Institute for AI International Governance, recognizing its contributions to AI ethics research and practice [1][3] - The award is initiated by the Uzbek government and aims to honor three individuals or institutions globally every two years for their outstanding contributions in the field of AI ethics [1] - The award highlights the international recognition of China's achievements in AI technology development and governance, showcasing its contributions and influence in the field of AI ethics [3] Group 2 - The Institute for AI International Governance was established in April 2020 and focuses on promoting global cooperation and leading the construction of AI governance systems and multilateral cooperation mechanisms [3] - The institute has engaged in talent cultivation initiatives, including the "AI for Sustainable Development Youth Camp" in collaboration with the UN Development Programme, attracting over 3,000 international youth participants [4] - The institute is also actively promoting the "2025 Global Youth AI Future Innovation Competition" in partnership with the United Nations University [4]

Core Insights - The article introduces Auto-Slides, a tool developed by Westlake University's AGI Lab, which automatically generates high-quality presentation slides from academic papers in PDF format, enhancing academic communication efficiency and showcasing AI's potential in education [1][3]. Group 1: Key Features of Auto-Slides - Auto-Slides addresses three main pain points in converting academic papers into presentations: fragmented output, lack of multimodal support, and absence of teaching logic [5][6]. - The system employs a multi-agent collaboration framework, consisting of four core components: high-fidelity parsing, cognitive-driven logic restructuring, quality assurance, and generation with interactive optimization [6][8]. Group 2: Core Components - The high-fidelity parsing agent accurately extracts and retains multi-modal elements from academic papers, ensuring complex formulas and tables are preserved [8][9]. - The planner agent restructures the presentation logic from the traditional IMRaD format to a more engaging PMRC format, making the content more relatable and easier to understand [10][11]. - Verification and adjustment agents ensure academic rigor by comparing generated slides with the original paper, correcting any omissions or inaccuracies [12][13]. - The generator and editor agents facilitate continuous improvement through user interaction, allowing for real-time updates and adjustments to the presentation [14]. Group 3: User Studies and Validation - Three user studies and one automated evaluation were conducted to assess the usability and advantages of Auto-Slides [16]. - User Study 1 showed that interactive features significantly enhanced learners' understanding and engagement, allowing them to grasp key points more quickly [18]. - User Study 2 compared Auto-Slides with chat-based learning, revealing that Auto-Slides outperformed in visual clarity, structural organization, and support for understanding [19]. - User Study 3 involved expert evaluations, indicating that narrative-optimized slides were superior in content accuracy and logical flow compared to traditional formats [20]. - Automated evaluations confirmed that the enhanced parsing module improved fidelity in complex content, while the verification mechanism increased overall accuracy [21]. Group 4: Future Applications - Auto-Slides represents a new paradigm in AI-assisted academic communication, transforming complex papers into clear, multimodal presentations suitable for various contexts such as academic conferences and classroom teaching [22]. - The tool balances understanding, teaching friendliness, and scientific accuracy, demonstrating significant potential for practical application in knowledge dissemination [22].

Core Viewpoint - The recent Nobel Prize wins by Japanese researchers are expected to stimulate interest in STEM fields among the younger generation in Japan, addressing concerns about the country's declining research capabilities and low proportion of STEM graduates [2][5]. Group 1: Nobel Prize Impact - Japan has produced eight Nobel laureates in Chemistry, with the latest winners being Yoshinori Ohsumi in 2019 and Shibumi Sakaguchi in 2023, marking a resurgence in recognition for Japanese researchers [2][4]. - The achievements of these laureates are seen as a catalyst for encouraging young people to pursue careers in science, potentially reversing the trend of declining STEM enrollment [2][5]. Group 2: STEM Education Statistics - In 2023, only 35% of Japan's doctoral graduates specialized in STEM fields, which is below the OECD average of 43%, ranking Japan 32nd out of 38 countries [5][6]. - There is a notable trend of students opting for master's degrees instead of pursuing doctoral studies, particularly influenced by the structure of private universities that emphasize humanities and social sciences [5]. Group 3: Government Initiatives - The Japanese government has established a 300 billion yen fund aimed at increasing the number of graduates in STEM fields, providing substantial subsidies to public and private universities to promote restructuring of departments [5][6]. - The government aims to raise the proportion of STEM degree holders to 50% by around 2032, reflecting a strategic shift to enhance the country's research capabilities [6]. Group 4: Changing Employment Landscape - There is a growing demand for highly specialized doctoral talent in Japanese companies, indicating a shift in recruitment and personnel policies [7]. - The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology is committed to ensuring financial support for young researchers, acknowledging the need for improved support for basic science [7].

Core Insights - The first National Science Popularization Month in September saw over 500 million participants in various online science activities, with the topic "Millions of IPs Creating Science Popularization" generating over 13.85 billion views, indicating a growing public enthusiasm for cutting-edge science [1][2] - There is a significant mismatch between the increasing public demand for high-quality science exhibits and the slow supply of such resources, highlighting a pressing need for improved science communication and exhibition strategies [1][2][3] Group 1: Public Engagement and Demand - The China Science and Technology Museum's new exhibition "Innovation Foundation: Science Popularization for the People" was extremely popular, with rapid booking slots indicating high public interest [1] - Visitors expressed excitement over interactive exhibits showcasing recent technological advancements, such as wearable electronic fabrics and quantum computing models, emphasizing the public's desire for timely and relevant science education [2][3] Group 2: Supply Challenges and Content Gaps - Many existing science exhibitions lag behind current scientific advancements, leading to public frustration and a perception that science communication is outdated [2][3] - The need for timely updates in science exhibits is critical, as many visitors noted that previous exhibitions often featured outdated content, particularly in fields like AI and biotechnology [2][3] Group 3: Institutional Responses and Innovations - In response to the supply-demand gap, the China Science and Technology Museum has partnered with universities and research institutions to create science laboratories aimed at bridging the gap between laboratory research and public exhibitions [3][4] - New exhibits, such as the "Moon Life Canister," have been developed to provide interactive experiences that educate the public about recent scientific achievements, demonstrating a shift towards more engaging and informative science communication [5][6] Group 4: Recommendations for Improvement - Experts suggest establishing mechanisms to enhance the collaboration between scientific research and public education, including integrating science communication into research planning and evaluation [6][7] - There is a call for better recognition of science communication efforts in academic evaluations, which could incentivize researchers to engage more actively in public science education [7][8] - Funding for scientific research should include provisions for science communication, ensuring that research outcomes are effectively translated into public knowledge [8][9]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the severe impact of funding cuts on scientific research in the U.S., particularly at UCLA, where even top mathematicians like Terence Tao are struggling to secure funding for their research and students [2][4][5]. Funding Cuts and Their Impact - On July 25, 2023, the U.S. government abruptly suspended funding from the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to UCLA, amounting to $500 million [4]. - Although a federal court restored some funding on August 12, the funds had not yet been disbursed by early September [5]. - The funding cuts have led to significant disruptions in ongoing research projects and have severely affected graduate students' opportunities for academic development [12][21]. Personal Experiences and Concerns - Terence Tao expressed greater concern for his students than for himself, emphasizing that the funding is crucial for their participation in academic conferences and career development [6][12]. - Tao has had to shift his focus from research to fundraising activities due to the funding crisis [7][19]. Broader Implications for the Research Ecosystem - The article discusses how the cuts have eroded the independence of the research ecosystem, with many ongoing projects being abruptly halted [12][15]. - Tao noted that the NSF's funding has historically facilitated collaboration between universities, laboratories, and industry, which is essential for scientific advancement [14]. Psychological Impact on Students - The funding instability creates an environment of uncertainty, negatively affecting students' mental health and their ability to focus on research [23]. - Tao highlighted that the loss of funding directly impacts students' scholarships and research assistant positions, which are vital for their livelihoods [21][22]. Future Considerations - In an interview, Tao expressed uncertainty about his future in the U.S. academic landscape, indicating a potential shift in his perspective on remaining in the country due to the funding issues [24].

Core Viewpoint - Hainan Free Trade Port should leverage its comparative advantages to connect with the domestic market and ASEAN countries, creating a favorable investment environment for foreign investors [4][12]. Group 1: Hainan and Greater Bay Area Integration - Hainan's development must be linked with the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, as both are national strategies that can mutually benefit from each other [5]. - The Greater Bay Area can utilize Hainan's free trade policies for its development, while Hainan can connect with the socio-economic activities of the Greater Bay Area to enhance its own growth [5]. Group 2: Key Areas for Development - Hainan can focus on high-tech and high-value-added industries, particularly in the pharmaceutical sector, to attract investment and innovation [6]. - The integration of Hainan's policies with those of Hong Kong can facilitate comprehensive reforms and accelerate Hainan's development [8]. Group 3: Learning from Hong Kong - Hainan should adopt Hong Kong's regulatory frameworks to enhance its service industry, as services are heavily reliant on rules and regulations [9]. - The establishment of application-oriented universities in Hainan can help transform basic research from Hong Kong into practical economic activities [11]. Group 4: Attracting Foreign Investment - Hainan's strategy to attract foreign investment hinges on its ability to connect with both the domestic market and ASEAN, making it an attractive destination for businesses [13]. - The focus should be on creating a friendly business environment through comprehensive reforms, which will encourage international capital to view Hainan as a key junction between China and the world [13].