经济观察网据央视网，俄罗斯塔斯社表示，日本政府已批准2025财年补充预算案，使本财年防卫开支占 GDP比例提升到2%。近年来，日本重金采购美制F35战机，对美返销"爱国者"导弹，组建专门的电子战 部队，升级宙斯盾驱逐舰。这一系列军事动作表明，日本的军事建设已经不是简单的修修补补了。它的 目标是"全领域作战能力"，这背后的扩张野心，藏都藏不住。 ...

Group 1 - The core issue revolves around the strategic competition between China and the United States regarding rare earth supplies, with the U.S. making concessions on tariff trade to gain some relaxation of China's export controls on rare earths [1][9]. - China is accelerating its efforts to consolidate its leading position in the rare earth industry, achieving significant breakthroughs in hypersonic technology [3][11]. - A notable technological advancement is the development of a low-inertia, high-dynamic-response permanent magnet motor system for hypersonic vehicles, which utilizes rare earth materials to enhance performance [5][7]. Group 2 - The new permanent magnet motor, made from neodymium-iron-boron, is 40% lighter than traditional motors and can switch from stationary to full speed in 0.1 seconds, tripling dynamic response speed [7][9]. - This technology improves energy efficiency by 60% compared to traditional motors, allowing vehicles to travel further and faster, exemplified by the increase in range of the Dongfeng-17 hypersonic missile from 1,800 km to 2,500 km [7][9]. - China's control over the rare earth supply chain is significant, with 90% of global rare earth permanent magnet production capacity concentrated in China, particularly in Inner Mongolia [8][11]. Group 3 - The U.S. military's heavy reliance on Chinese rare earths has been highlighted, with 80% of the magnetic components in its intercontinental missiles sourced from China, exposing vulnerabilities in its supply chain [9][13]. - China's strategic response includes reinforcing export controls and accelerating the conversion of rare earth technologies, with 53 related technological achievements expected in 2024 [11][12]. - The U.S. faces a strategic dilemma as it attempts to rebuild its domestic rare earth supply chain, which could take at least 10 years and may only meet 30% of its needs by 2030, despite significant investment [13][15]. Group 4 - The technological gap in hypersonic capabilities is widening, with China reportedly leading the U.S. by at least five years in hypersonic glide vehicle technology, and this gap is increasing at a rate of 20% per year [15][17]. - The U.S. attempts to support its domestic rare earth industry through legislation have been hampered by environmental regulations and high costs, delaying production timelines [17][18]. - The outcome of this strategic competition is beginning to take shape, with China's advancements in rare earth technology and strategic control potentially reshaping the global military industrial landscape [17][20].