与会人士表示，经过国际聚变科学界数十年的合作与发展，聚变研究取得了一系列重大突破，但依然面 临诸多挑战，需凝聚全球科学家的智慧与力量，开展更为务实、紧密、开放的国际交流与合作，共同开 创聚变能源未来，实现人类"终极能源"梦想。 国际合作加码 11月24日，中国科学院"燃烧等离子体"国际科学计划项目在合肥未来大科学城正式启动。同时，紧凑型 聚变能实验装置（BEST）研究计划面向全球发布。来自法国、英国、德国、意大利、瑞士等十余个国 家的聚变科学家共同签署《合肥聚变宣言》，该宣言倡导开放共享与合作共赢精神，鼓励各国的科研人 员到中国开展聚变合作研究。 加速走向工程验证 采购、融资"热度"空前 中金公司研报认为，从发展路径来看，当前，欧洲聚焦以ITER为核心的国际合作体系，国内推 进"CFETR-DEMO"自主路线，北美则以私营企业为主体，整体看来，全球核聚变发展正处于向百兆瓦 级工程演进的关键跃迁期，未来5年至10年将有多个示范性装置陆续落地。 聚变工程进入关键期 核聚变能近年来在世界范围内广受关注，国际原子能机构（IAEA）日前发布的《世界聚变能源展望 2025》显示，近40个国家正推进聚变计划，超过160个聚 ...

Core Insights - The "artificial sun" project, known as the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST), aims to achieve nuclear fusion, providing nearly limitless clean energy, similar to the sun's energy production [1][3] - The project utilizes isotopes of hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium as fuel, with deuterium being abundantly available in seawater, estimated at 450 trillion tons [1] - Successful commercialization of this technology could revolutionize global energy supply by eliminating greenhouse gas emissions and long-term radioactive waste associated with traditional fossil fuels [3][5] Energy Transition - The "artificial sun" project addresses the urgent need for energy transition away from fossil fuels, which have led to resource depletion and severe environmental issues [3][5] - It holds significant strategic importance for national energy security and climate change mitigation, promoting a shift towards clean and low-carbon energy sources [5][8] Technological Advancement - The project involves a multidisciplinary approach, integrating plasma physics, materials science, superconducting technology, and precision manufacturing, leading to key technological breakthroughs [5][7] - Innovations from the project can benefit other industries, such as superconducting technology in maglev trains and medical devices, enhancing overall technological capabilities [5][7] International Influence - China's achievements in the "artificial sun" project enhance its international standing in energy technology and innovation, contributing significantly to the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) initiative [7][8] - The success of this project not only elevates China's position in global energy technology but also offers a Chinese solution and wisdom for global energy cooperation and development [7][8]

Core Insights - The article highlights China's advancements in nuclear fusion research, particularly through the EAST (Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak) facility, which has achieved significant milestones in simulating fusion reactions and maintaining high temperatures for extended periods [1][2][4] - The ongoing upgrades to EAST and the development of the "Kua Fu" facility are crucial steps towards the next generation of nuclear fusion technology, aiming for commercial viability by 2027 with the BEST (Broadly Enhanced Superconducting Tokamak) project [2][3] Group 1: EAST Achievements - EAST has set world records, including a stable operation at over 100 million degrees Celsius for 1000 seconds, marking a significant milestone in fusion research [1] - The facility has evolved from initial short-duration experiments to achieving over 403 seconds of stable plasma operation during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period [1] Group 2: Future Developments - The "Kua Fu" facility is over 92% complete, focusing on the development of core components for the next generation of fusion reactors, with multiple successful tests and milestones achieved in 2023 [2][3] - The BEST project aims to be completed by the end of 2027, transitioning from experimental to demonstration phases of fusion energy [3] Group 3: Broader Impact - The advancements in fusion technology are expected to contribute to various sectors, including medical applications and public safety, with technologies derived from fusion research being utilized in proton therapy and security systems [3] - The Chinese government is promoting the integration of technological innovation and industrial development, fostering a comprehensive fusion energy industry chain from material production to operational design [3]

Core Insights - The article highlights China's advancements in nuclear fusion research, particularly through the EAST (Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak) and the "Kua Fu" project, which aims to develop a next-generation fusion reactor [1][2][3] Group 1: EAST Achievements - The EAST device has achieved significant milestones, including a world record of maintaining a temperature of over 100 million degrees Celsius for 1000 seconds, simulating conditions necessary for future fusion reactors [1][2] - During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, EAST set records for plasma operation times of 101 seconds and 403 seconds, showcasing China's growing capabilities in fusion technology [1][2] Group 2: Kua Fu Project Development - The Kua Fu project, initiated in December 2018, has made substantial progress, with over 92% of the overall engineering completed, focusing on the development of core components for the next-generation fusion reactor [2][3] - Key components of the Kua Fu project, such as the low-frequency current drive system and the domestic ion cyclotron heating system, have successfully passed expert evaluations and are now operational [2][3] Group 3: Future Plans and Applications - The 15th Five-Year Plan is expected to be a critical phase for China's fusion energy development, transitioning from experimental to demonstration reactors, with the BEST (Broadly Enhanced Superconducting Tokamak) device aiming for completion by the end of 2027 [3][4] - Fusion-derived technologies are already being applied in various fields, including medical treatments and security systems, indicating the potential for fusion energy to become a new economic growth point [3][4] Group 4: Industry Integration - The article emphasizes the integration of technology and industry in the fusion energy sector, with Hefei developing a comprehensive industrial cluster that includes superconducting materials, magnet systems, and vacuum equipment [4]

Core Insights - The controlled nuclear fusion sector is gaining significant traction, with the fusion concept index rising over 65% since the beginning of the year, and some funds heavily invested in this area seeing gains of over 46% in the past six months [1][2][5] Investment Trends - Recent investments in the controlled nuclear fusion space include nearly 100 million yuan in first-round financing for Antong Fusion, aimed at talent development and system research [2] - Shanghai Superconductor, a key supplier for global fusion leaders, is attracting attention as it approaches IPO, backed by notable institutional investors [3] - Investment firms like Zhongke Chuangxing have also invested in several startups in the controlled nuclear fusion sector [4] Market Performance - The fusion concept stocks are favored by various funds, with significant gains reported; for instance, the Yongying Manufacturing Upgrade Mixed Fund has focused on this sector, with its top holdings reflecting this strategy [5][6] - Fund managers are increasingly optimistic about the potential of controlled nuclear fusion, with expectations of substantial investments in upcoming experimental projects [8] Commercialization Progress - The successful ignition of controlled nuclear fusion at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory marks a significant milestone, indicating that commercialization may no longer be a distant dream [7] - Projections suggest that by 2025, major breakthroughs in fusion projects could lead to annual investments of 150 to 200 billion yuan, with potential increases to 300 to 500 billion yuan as projects progress [8]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the importance of leveraging the advantages of a new type of national system to accelerate high-level technological self-reliance and strength in China [1] - During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, significant historical achievements and transformations in China's technological innovation have been made under the strong leadership of the central government [1][2] - The strategic goal of building a strong technological nation by 2035 is anchored on addressing major national needs through collaboration between government and market forces [1][5] Group 2 - China's space station has achieved complete domestic production of products and materials, with 100% self-control of key core components, resulting in hundreds of space science experiments conducted in orbit [4] - The Chang'e missions have successfully returned lunar samples, with Chang'e 5 collecting 1,731 grams from the moon's surface and Chang'e 6 expected to bring back 1,935.3 grams from the moon's far side [4][5] - The national strategic scientific and technological strength has been continuously strengthened, with the construction of national laboratories and the enhancement of research capabilities in institutions and universities [5][9] Group 3 - Original achievements in technology are continuously emerging, exemplified by the EAST project achieving a world record of 1 million degrees Celsius for 1,066 seconds, marking a significant leap in fusion energy research [6][7] - The total R&D expenditure in society is expected to exceed 3.6 trillion yuan in 2024, maintaining China's position as the second-largest in the world [7][9] - The proportion of corporate R&D investment is projected to exceed 77% in 2024, with over 524,000 companies holding valid invention patents, accounting for 74.4% of the total in China [9] Group 4 - The innovation capacity of enterprises has significantly improved, with the successful development of the world's first 8.6-generation OLED glass substrate in Anhui, marking a breakthrough in domestic technology [8][9] - The integration of technology innovation systems involving industry, academia, and research has been strengthened, with enterprises taking a leading role in innovation [8][9] - The "dual-directional leaderboard" mechanism has been implemented in Sichuan Province to enhance the connection between market demand and scientific research, facilitating technology transfer and commercialization [12][13]

Core Insights - The development of fusion energy has entered a new phase, with significant advancements in technology and international collaboration [3][4]. Group 1: Fusion Energy Challenges and Opportunities - Achieving controlled nuclear fusion requires creating extreme conditions, with plasma needing to be heated to over 100 million degrees Celsius, which is 6 to 7 times the temperature at the sun's core [2]. - Successful controlled fusion could lead to profound changes, providing a nearly limitless clean energy source and reducing reliance on fossil fuels [2]. Group 2: Global Progress in Fusion Research - The global fusion energy research is now characterized by parallel pathways and rapid iterations, with two main technical routes: magnetic confinement and inertial confinement [3]. - The International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) is the largest global fusion research project, aiming to demonstrate the feasibility of magnetic confinement fusion by 2040 to 2050 [3]. Group 3: China's Role in Fusion Energy Development - China has established itself as a key player in fusion energy, with a complete nuclear industrial system and a collaborative innovation framework involving academia and industry [4][5]. - Significant milestones include the "Chinese Circulation No. 3" achieving over 100 million degrees Celsius and the EAST facility setting a world record for high-quality burning at 100 million degrees for 1000 seconds [5].

Core Insights - The concept of creating a "man-made sun" for limitless clean energy is a significant human aspiration, but achieving controlled nuclear fusion remains a complex challenge due to the extreme conditions required for fusion reactions [2][3]. Group 1: Current State of Fusion Energy Research - Global fusion energy research has entered a new phase characterized by parallel pathways and rapid iterations, with two main technical routes: magnetic confinement and inertial confinement [4]. - The International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) is the largest global fusion research project, aiming to demonstrate the feasibility of magnetic confinement fusion by 2040 to 2050 [4]. - Several large tokamak experimental devices have achieved the harsh conditions necessary for fusion reactions, but significant scientific and engineering challenges remain in improving fusion power gain and maintaining stable plasma [4]. Group 2: China's Role in Fusion Energy Development - China is actively advancing international cooperation in fusion energy, with the establishment of a fusion energy research and training collaboration center in Chengdu, enhancing its global influence in this field [6]. - The China National Nuclear Corporation is developing fusion reactors in a phased approach, with plans to conduct burning plasma experiments around 2027 and subsequently build demonstration and commercial reactors [5]. - Significant milestones in China's fusion research include achieving temperatures exceeding 100 million degrees Celsius in the "Chinese Circulation No. 3" project and setting a world record for high-quality burning in the EAST facility [6].

Core Insights - China has entered the top ten of the Global Innovation Index, highlighting its prominent position as a global innovation leader [1] - The country is experiencing rapid advancements in technology, with significant achievements in space exploration and nuclear fusion [3][4] - The integration of technological and industrial innovation is accelerating, with widespread applications of 5G, Beidou navigation, and brain-computer interfaces [3] Investment in R&D - In 2024, China's total R&D expenditure is expected to exceed 3.6 trillion yuan, ranking second globally, with basic research funding reaching 249.7 billion yuan [4] - The number of effective invention patents in strategic emerging industries has reached 1.472 million, with a focus on high-value core patents in AI, new energy, and life sciences [3] Innovation Ecosystem - China has 24 innovation clusters ranked among the top 100 globally, maintaining the first position for three consecutive years [6] - The country is leveraging a new type of national system to integrate innovative forces and resources, promoting the development of influential regional innovation hubs [6] Policy and Market Dynamics - Recent reforms in the science and technology system aim to address deep-seated issues hindering innovation, including new funding models and talent attraction policies [7] - The market environment is conducive to innovation, with over 500,000 high-tech enterprises and significant participation of businesses in national research projects [8] Future Outlook - The upcoming "14th Five-Year Plan" marks a critical period for achieving the goal of becoming a technological powerhouse within ten years [9] - The focus will be on enhancing original and leading-edge technological breakthroughs, improving the innovation ecosystem, and addressing key challenges in technology development [9]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the advancements in nuclear fusion technology in China, particularly focusing on the EAST device and its future developments, which aim to provide sustainable energy solutions and transition from traditional fossil fuels to renewable energy sources [4]. Group 1: Technological Advancements - The EAST device, standing 11 meters tall and weighing over 400 tons, is designed to achieve controlled nuclear fusion, similar to the energy production of the sun [4]. - In January, EAST set a world record by maintaining a plasma temperature of 100 million degrees Celsius for 1066 seconds, marking a significant leap from basic science to engineering practice in fusion energy research [4]. - The upcoming compact fusion energy experimental device (BEST) is expected to be completed by 2027, with plans to demonstrate fusion power generation, thus advancing nuclear fusion from laboratory research to practical applications [4]. Group 2: Future Energy Solutions - The fusion energy produced by the device can be utilized for electricity generation, heating, and hydrogen production, addressing the limitations of current non-renewable energy sources like coal, oil, and natural gas [4]. - After the completion of BEST, a series of engineering tests will be conducted, leading to physical experiments that may result in the generation of the first unit of electricity [4]. Group 3: Global Positioning - The fully superconducting tokamak fusion experimental device is the first of its kind designed and built independently by Chinese scientists, establishing China as a leader in advanced superconducting tokamak technology [4]. - This development provides a crucial experimental platform for steady-state near-core fusion physics and engineering research, enhancing China's capabilities in magnetic confinement fusion research and talent development [4].