这是 2025 年 1 月 15 日在安徽合肥拍摄的有 " 人造太阳 " 之称的全超导托卡马克核聚变实验装置 （ EAST ）。新华社记者 黄博涵 摄 2025 年 11 月 3 日拍摄的 " 夸父 " 园区的夸父雕像。新华社记者 陈诺 摄 2025 年 12 月 9 日拍摄的紧凑型聚变能实验装置（ BEST ）建设现场（无人机照片）。新华社记者 周牧 摄 Q：天上明明有太阳，这又是个啥"太阳"？ A：原来，这说的是俗称"人造太阳"的可控核聚变装置。 2025 年 3 月 9 日在中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院拍摄的聚变堆主机关键系统综合研究设施八分之一 真空室及总体安装系统主体平台。新华社记者 周牧 摄 万物生长靠太阳，而太阳的能量来自其内部的核聚变反应——在极高温度和压力下，氢原子聚变成 氦原子并释放出巨大能量。 人造太阳正是要模拟太阳的聚变反应。科学家找到的模拟方法不少，其中有一种名为"托卡马克"的 装置，它利用磁约束来实现受控核聚变，犹如一个螺旋形"磁跑道"，锁住高温等离子体，达到核聚变目 的。 这是人类对能源的终极梦想：安全、清洁、几乎无限。核聚变能原料丰富，比如来自海水中氢的同 位素氘和氚。一升海水 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses China's advancements in nuclear fusion technology, specifically the development of the "artificial sun" known as the EAST (Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak) and its significance in achieving clean and nearly limitless energy through controlled nuclear fusion [2][4][6]. Group 1: Nuclear Fusion Technology - Nuclear fusion mimics the sun's energy production by fusing hydrogen atoms into helium under extreme conditions, releasing vast amounts of energy [2]. - The EAST facility, established by the Hefei Institute of Physical Science, has achieved significant milestones, including breaking world records in fusion experiments [6][4]. - The facility operates under extreme conditions, including ultra-high temperatures and strong magnetic fields, and has over 200 core technologies [4]. Group 2: Future Developments - The "Kua Fu" facility is dedicated to developing core components for the next generation of nuclear fusion reactors, with a focus on improving supporting equipment alongside core technologies [6][9]. - The compact fusion energy experimental device (BEST) is under construction and is expected to demonstrate plasma "burning" by the end of 2027, with hopes of achieving practical fusion energy by around 2030 [9][11]. - The article highlights the cultural significance of the Kua Fu statue and its connection to the scientific advancements being made in fusion energy [1][7].

Core Insights - The article highlights three significant technological advancements from Hefei that have been recognized as part of the 2025 China's Top Ten Scientific Progresses [1] Group 1: Technological Achievements - The EAST (Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak) achieved a world record by maintaining a temperature of 100 million degrees Celsius for 1066 seconds, marking a milestone in nuclear fusion research [1] - A high-precision AI diagnostic tool developed by the University of Science and Technology of China predicts the recurrence risk of liver cancer with an accuracy of 82.2%, providing a crucial tool for global precision diagnosis and treatment [1] - The "Zuchongzhi No. 3" quantum computing prototype was successfully constructed, capable of solving the "quantum random circuit sampling" problem at a speed 10 trillion times faster than the current fastest supercomputer [1]

Policy Developments - The National Energy Administration plans to establish a special working group for "Nuclear Power" under the China-Shanghai Cooperation Organization energy cooperation framework, aiming to enhance practical cooperation in the energy sector by organizing and implementing the "Double Thousand" projects[5]. - The first four special working groups will focus on "Nuclear Power," "Oil and Gas," "Coal," and "Renewable Energy and Electricity," with potential for additional groups in the future[5]. Nuclear Fusion Breakthroughs - China's "artificial sun," the EAST (Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak), confirmed the existence of a "density free zone" in its experiments, providing critical physical evidence for high-density operation in magnetic confinement fusion devices[5]. - The research team developed a theory model (PWSO) that identifies the role of boundary impurities in triggering radiation instability, which is crucial for understanding density limits in plasma physics[5]. Nuclear Power Plant Developments - The first nuclear fuel loading for the Guangdong Taipingling Nuclear Power Plant Unit 1 has officially begun, marking a transition from construction to commissioning phase, crucial for achieving grid connection[5]. - The Zhangzhou Nuclear Power Unit 2 has commenced commercial operation, with an annual output capacity of 10 billion kWh, reducing CO2 emissions by approximately 8.16 million tons[6]. Industry Collaborations and Innovations - A joint laboratory for "Fusion Efficient Compact Heat Exchange Equipment" has been established between Hefei Energy Research Institute and Lanshi Group, focusing on advancing fusion power generation technology[7]. - The Fujian Nuclear Power signed a cooperation framework agreement with the Fujian Meteorological Bureau to enhance meteorological services for energy projects, aiming to improve risk management against climate impacts[6]. Risk Factors - Potential risks include underperformance of industrial policies and delays in technological breakthroughs and cost reductions[8].

Core Insights - The successful operation of the EAST device at a temperature of 100 million degrees Celsius for 1066 seconds marks a significant breakthrough in controlled nuclear fusion research, laying a crucial technological foundation for the future development of clean and efficient fusion energy [1][2] Group 1: Achievements and Innovations - The recent record of "100 million degrees for 1000 seconds" demonstrates advancements in achieving high temperature and long-duration stable operation, alongside significant progress in high-confinement plasma control [1] - The achievement validates the feasibility of steady-state operation in high-confinement modes for fusion reactors, representing a major turning point in fusion research from basic science to engineering practice [2] Group 2: Future Directions - The research team aims to further explore plasma density and temperature to target commercial applications of fusion energy, indicating a long-term commitment to advancing fusion technology [2]

Group 1 - The article discusses China's commitment to technological openness and cooperation in response to global challenges such as climate change and energy security [1] - China has made significant technological breakthroughs in nuclear fusion energy and deep space exploration, aligning cutting-edge technology with the practical needs of humanity [1] - The International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) project, which China joined in 2006, is a major international scientific endeavor, with China responsible for approximately 10% of the procurement tasks [1] Group 2 - China's "artificial sun" team has successfully delivered numerous procurement packages for ITER and is engaged in joint experiments to address key scientific issues necessary for ITER's operation [2] - The Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) in Anhui has set multiple world records over the past decade, showcasing its leading performance in nuclear fusion research [2] - The establishment of the International Academy of Deep Space Exploration in Anhui, led by China, aims to initiate international scientific programs and contribute to reshaping international cooperation in space exploration [3]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Buy" rating for the fusion energy industry, indicating an expected investment return exceeding the market benchmark index by more than 15% over the next 6-12 months [9]. Core Insights - The upcoming 2026 Fusion Energy Technology and Industry Conference in Hefei is expected to promote collaboration and innovation within the fusion industry, showcasing China's capabilities in magnetic confinement fusion [1]. - Significant experimental breakthroughs have been achieved in domestic fusion devices, including the EAST confirming the existence of a density-free zone and the successful long-pulse operation of the world's first high-temperature superconducting tokamak, Honghuang 70 [2]. - Multiple financing and construction advancements in fusion projects have been reported, including TMTG's plans to build the world's largest fusion power plant in the U.S. and significant funding rounds for domestic fusion startups [3]. - The fusion industry is anticipated to benefit from dual catalysts of policy support and positive industrial progress, with various projects in China and abroad showing promising developments [4]. Summary by Sections Research Developments - The EAST experiment confirmed methods for high-density operation in magnetic confinement fusion, published in the journal "Science Advances" [2]. - The Honghuang 70 achieved a 120-second steady-state long-pulse plasma operation, marking a significant milestone for commercial fusion devices [2]. Industrial Progress - TMTG announced plans to construct a major fusion power plant in the U.S. by 2026, following its merger with TAE Technologies [3]. - Domestic fusion projects, such as Dongsheng Fusion and the NTST device, have secured significant funding and are set to commence construction in the coming years [3]. Investment Recommendations - The report suggests focusing on companies with leading positions in the fusion supply chain, particularly those involved in vacuum chambers, magnet systems, power systems, and low-temperature systems [4].

Core Insights - The "artificial sun" known as the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) has achieved significant results in physical experiments, confirming the existence of a density free zone in tokamaks [1] Group 1: Experimental Achievements - The research team developed a theoretical model called the Plasma-Wall Self-Organization (PWSO) model, highlighting the critical role of boundary radiation in triggering density limits [1] - The study analyzed the boundary of radiation instability and revealed the mechanism for triggering density limits, predicting the existence of a density free zone beyond these limits [1] - Experimental results closely matched the predictions made by the PWSO theory, marking the first confirmation of the existence of a density free zone in tokamaks [1]

Group 1 - The article highlights the successful ecological restoration efforts in the Yellow River Delta, leading to a significant increase in bird species from 187 to 376, with over 240,000 migratory ducks observed [1] - The implementation of a "ten-year fishing ban" has contributed to the recovery of aquatic life in the Yangtze River, showcasing the positive impact of environmental protection measures [1] - The article emphasizes the broader theme of green transformation and sustainable development in China, linking cultural heritage with modern ecological achievements [1] Group 2 - The article discusses China's historical achievements in technology and innovation, including the elimination of approximately 628,000 tons of ozone-depleting substances, which accounts for over half of the total reduction in developing countries [2] - The development of the EAST nuclear fusion experiment, which achieved a world record of 1,066 seconds of stable plasma operation at 100 million degrees Celsius, exemplifies China's advancements in nuclear science [2] - The narrative connects ancient cultural aspirations with contemporary technological breakthroughs, illustrating the synergy between Chinese culture and modern scientific endeavors [2] Group 3 - The article reflects on the integration of traditional wisdom with modern ecological governance, emphasizing the importance of holistic environmental protection [3] - It highlights the necessity for high-level technological self-reliance and the pursuit of excellence in various fields, aligning with the cultural ethos of perseverance and self-improvement [3] - The fusion of Marxist principles with traditional Chinese culture is presented as a means to enhance national development and cultural richness [3]

Core Viewpoint - The "artificial sun" known as the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) has achieved significant results in plasma physics experiments, confirming the existence of a density free zone in tokamak operations [1] Group 1: Experimental Achievements - The EAST device utilizes magnetic confinement to achieve controlled nuclear fusion, functioning as a circular apparatus that locks high-temperature plasma [1] - The research team developed a theoretical model called the Plasma-Wall Self-Organization (PWSO) model, highlighting the critical role of boundary radiation in triggering density limits [1] - The experimental results align closely with the predictions made by the PWSO theory, marking the first confirmation of the existence of a density free zone in tokamak operations [1]