与会人士表示，经过国际聚变科学界数十年的合作与发展，聚变研究取得了一系列重大突破，但依然面 临诸多挑战，需凝聚全球科学家的智慧与力量，开展更为务实、紧密、开放的国际交流与合作，共同开 创聚变能源未来，实现人类"终极能源"梦想。 国际合作加码 11月24日，中国科学院"燃烧等离子体"国际科学计划项目在合肥未来大科学城正式启动。同时，紧凑型 聚变能实验装置（BEST）研究计划面向全球发布。来自法国、英国、德国、意大利、瑞士等十余个国 家的聚变科学家共同签署《合肥聚变宣言》，该宣言倡导开放共享与合作共赢精神，鼓励各国的科研人 员到中国开展聚变合作研究。 加速走向工程验证 采购、融资"热度"空前 中金公司研报认为，从发展路径来看，当前，欧洲聚焦以ITER为核心的国际合作体系，国内推 进"CFETR-DEMO"自主路线，北美则以私营企业为主体，整体看来，全球核聚变发展正处于向百兆瓦 级工程演进的关键跃迁期，未来5年至10年将有多个示范性装置陆续落地。 聚变工程进入关键期 核聚变能近年来在世界范围内广受关注，国际原子能机构（IAEA）日前发布的《世界聚变能源展望 2025》显示，近40个国家正推进聚变计划，超过160个聚 ...

Core Insights - The "14th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes the construction of major scientific innovation platforms, including national science centers in Beijing, Shanghai, the Greater Bay Area, and Hefei, to enhance regional technological innovation [1]. Group 1: Beijing Huairou Science City - The Huairou Science City has evolved from initial planning to becoming one of the regions with the highest density of national major scientific infrastructure over nearly ten years [5]. - The High Energy Photon Source (HEPS) is a core facility in Huairou, expected to be one of the world's brightest fourth-generation synchrotron radiation sources upon completion [7]. Group 2: Shanghai Zhangjiang Science City - The Zhangjiang Science City has seen significant improvements in its industrial ecosystem surrounding the Artificial Intelligence Island from 2020 to 2025 [9]. - Originally covering 17 square kilometers, Zhangjiang Science City has expanded to 220 square kilometers, housing two national laboratories and over 100 incubators [11]. Group 3: Shenzhen Guangming Science City - The Guangming Science City, covering 99 square kilometers, is a key area for Shenzhen's comprehensive national science center, focusing on large scientific installations and technology innovation clusters [13]. - The Shenzhen Institute of Technology, located in Guangming, aims to conduct cutting-edge scientific research and cultivate top innovative talents [15]. Group 4: Hefei Future Science City - The Hefei Future Science City, with a planned area of approximately 19.2 square kilometers, focuses on quantum information, fusion energy, and deep space exploration, featuring significant scientific installations [17]. - Key facilities like the "Kua Fu" fusion reactor and BEST experimental device are part of the national major scientific infrastructure [19]. Group 5: Chengdu Western Science City - The Western Science City in Chengdu is a vital driver for technological innovation in the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle, utilizing a collaborative "one city, multiple parks" model [21]. - Six major scientific installations are already established in the Western Science City, focusing on electronic information, biomedicine, and digital economy [23].

Core Viewpoint - The development of controlled nuclear fusion technology, often referred to as "artificial sun," is seen as a potential ultimate energy source for humanity, with significant advancements being made in China over the past decades [1][2]. Group 1: Nuclear Fusion Technology - Controlled nuclear fusion mimics the sun's energy production by fusing hydrogen isotopes deuterium and tritium, which can be extracted from seawater [1]. - One liter of seawater can release energy equivalent to that of 300 liters of gasoline when used in nuclear fusion [1]. - Nuclear fusion is considered safer than nuclear fission, as the reaction stops immediately if conditions fail, eliminating risks of nuclear leakage or radiation [1]. Group 2: Recent Achievements - The Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) has achieved significant milestones, including a world record of 1 billion degrees Celsius for 1066 seconds in January [2]. - The upcoming compact fusion energy experimental device (BEST) focuses on energy output, aiming to exceed input energy, which is crucial for commercialization [2]. Group 3: Industry Development - The nuclear fusion industry is vast, with the BEST device representing a significant commercial application opportunity, potentially involving millions of components [2]. - Over 30 small to medium-sized tech companies related to nuclear fusion have been incubated in Hefei, with some already listed [4]. - The Comprehensive Research Facility for Fusion Technology (CRAFT) is under construction and will be a leading research and testing platform in the international fusion field, expected to be completed by the end of this year [4]. Group 4: Future Plans - The timeline for nuclear fusion commercialization includes the completion of the BEST device by 2027, the first demonstration of fusion energy generation by 2030, and the establishment of a fusion engineering demonstration plant by 2035, with a goal for commercial fusion energy by 2050 [4].

Core Insights - The "14th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes the construction of major scientific innovation platforms, including national science centers in Beijing, Shanghai, the Greater Bay Area, and Hefei, to enhance regional technological innovation [1] Group 1: Beijing Huairou Science City - The Huairou Science City has evolved from initial planning to becoming one of the regions with the highest density of national major scientific infrastructure [3] - The High Energy Photon Source (HEPS) is a core facility in Huairou, which will be one of the world's brightest fourth-generation synchrotron radiation sources upon completion [4] Group 2: Shanghai Zhangjiang Science City - The Zhangjiang Science City has developed a more complete industrial ecosystem around the Artificial Intelligence Island from 2020 to 2025 [6] - The area has expanded from 17 square kilometers to 220 square kilometers, positioning itself as an international first-class science city [8] Group 3: Shenzhen Guangming Science City - The Guangming Science City covers a total planned area of 99 square kilometers, focusing on major scientific installations and technology innovation clusters [10] - Shenzhen Polytechnic University, located in Guangming, aims to conduct cutting-edge scientific research and cultivate top innovative talents [11] Group 4: Hefei Future Science City - The Hefei Future Science City, with a planned area of approximately 19.2 square kilometers, focuses on quantum information, fusion energy, and deep space exploration [14] - Key scientific installations like the "Kua Fu" and BEST are representative of national significant scientific instruments [14][16] Group 5: Chengdu Western Science City - The Western (Chengdu) Science City is a key driver for technological innovation in the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle, adopting a "one city, multiple parks" model [18] - It has six major scientific installations, with two included in the national "14th Five-Year Plan" for major scientific infrastructure [19]

Core Insights - The article discusses the advancements in controlled nuclear fusion technology, highlighting its potential as a clean and virtually limitless energy source for humanity [3][5][6]. Group 1: Nuclear Fusion Technology - Controlled nuclear fusion mimics the sun's energy production by fusing hydrogen isotopes deuterium and tritium, which can be extracted from seawater [5][6]. - One liter of seawater can produce fusion fuel deuterium, releasing energy equivalent to 300 liters of gasoline during nuclear fusion [5]. - Nuclear fusion is considered safer than nuclear fission, as the reaction stops immediately if conditions fail, eliminating risks of nuclear leakage or radiation [6]. Group 2: Recent Achievements - The Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) has achieved significant milestones, including a world record of 1 billion degrees Celsius for 1066 seconds in January [6][11]. - The new compact fusion energy experimental device (BEST) focuses on energy output, aiming to exceed input energy, which is crucial for commercialization [8][9]. Group 3: Industry Development - Over 30 small to medium-sized tech companies related to nuclear fusion have been established in Hefei, with some already listed [9]. - Hefei has nearly 60 companies covering the entire nuclear fusion energy industry chain, from superconducting materials to operational design [9][11]. - The establishment of the Fusion Industry Alliance in Hefei in 2023 has gathered over 200 member companies, enhancing collaboration across the industry [9]. Group 4: Future Prospects - The BEST device is expected to be completed by 2027, with the first demonstration of fusion energy generation planned for 2030, and a demonstration fusion engineering pile by 2035 [11]. - The industry anticipates a transition to a clean energy era, where fossil fuels will primarily serve as chemical raw materials, and fusion energy will play a central role [11].