天问二号、福建舰等入选2025年度国防科技工业十大新闻 中新网北京1月10日电 (马帅莎 张未)国家国防科技工业局新闻宣传办公室近日对外发布2025年度国防科技工业十大新闻。 2025年度国防科技工业十大新闻分别是：纪念中国人民抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年大会举行，多款新型"大国重器"集中亮相阅兵式；天问二号 任务发射圆满成功，我国开启小行星探测与采样返回之旅；《原子能法》正式颁布，聚变能发展备受关注；我国第一艘电磁弹射型航空母舰福建舰入列，三 型舰载机完成首次弹射起飞和着舰训练；我国规模最大的天然铀产能项目"国铀一号"示范工程生产出"第一桶铀"；国家国防科工局设立商业航天司，商业航 天持续快速发展；天问一号"惊鸿一瞥"，神秘阿特拉斯彗星特征明显；中国载人航天工程首次应急发射任务取得圆满成功；"和福一号"扬帆起航，我国首批 商用堆产碳-14同位素投入市场；歼-10CE首次取得实战战果引发全球关注。 纪念中国人民抗日 世界反法西斯战争 多款新型"大国重 餐发射匠 天问 a ll 我国开启小行星 采样ป 《原子能法》」 聚变能发展备 大学版 一出制国 中华人 原子能法 法律出版社 一艘电磁弹射型 我国第 ...

Core Viewpoint - China's nuclear fusion program is advancing rapidly, with the goal of achieving commercial fusion energy by 2040 [1]. Group 1: Project Developments - The construction of the next-generation nuclear fusion experimental device, BEST, is progressing steadily, aiming for initial completion by 2027 [3]. - The EAST device, operational since 2006, is recognized as a key player in China's nuclear fusion efforts, having achieved world-class results in 2025 [5]. Group 2: Research Insights - The experimental conditions in the EAST device include extreme environments: temperatures exceeding one million degrees Celsius, ultra-low temperatures of minus 269 degrees Celsius, a vacuum pressure one hundred billion times lower than atmospheric pressure, and magnetic fields thousands of times stronger than Earth's [8]. - The leadership of the Hefei Institute of Plasma Physics aims to demonstrate fusion energy generation by 2030, with a long-term goal of making fusion energy available for human use by 2040 [8].

受太阳启发，人类致力于在地球上实现可控核聚变，也因此将其誉为"人造太阳"。可控核聚变产生的聚 变能具有资源丰富、环境友好、安全零碳等突出优点，被视为解决全球能源与环境问题、推动人类社会 可持续发展的根本途径之一。世界经济论坛官网日前报道称，各国政府和工业界的研究表明，聚变能有 望在本世纪30年代开始接入电网。而如今蓬勃发展的人工智能（AI）技术，正成为加速可控核聚变迈 向商业化的重要推动力，多国政府与企业持续增加对可控核聚变的投入，多个聚变示范堆计划稳步推 进，商业化进程明显加快。（科技日报） ...

"聚变之路"既是一条科学探索之路，也是一条人类追求清洁能源的共同奋斗之路 2026年1月，《中华人民共和国原子能法》将施行，明确国家鼓励和支持受控热核聚变的科学研究和技 术开发，规定相关安全监督管理措施，既防范风险，又激发活力，以制度之力为聚变能研究创新划定边 界、提供保障。 前不久，中国科学院"燃烧等离子体"国际科学计划项目正式启动，面向全球开放多个聚变能实验装置及 平台，旨在聚力点燃"人造太阳"，携手探索用聚变能照亮人类清洁能源的未来。 "十五五"规划建议提出，"推动量子科技、生物制造、氢能和核聚变能、脑机接口、具身智能、第六代 移动通信等成为新的经济增长点。"当今世界，清洁能源角色正逐渐从补充转向主力，从风光水储到氢 能、核能，清洁能源版图不断扩展，聚变能正是其中最具革命性的一块。与裂变能相比，聚变能能量密 度大、原料资源丰富、放射性污染低、固有安全好；与其他清洁能源相比，聚变能几乎不受地理与气候 限制，能实现连续运行、稳定输出，是未来清洁能源的重要发展方向之一。 科技进步是世界性、时代性课题，唯有开放合作才是正道。聚变能研究投入大、周期长，任何国家都无 法独立完成。"聚变之路"既是一条科学探索之路，也 ...

早在科学家揭示太阳能量源于氢原子核聚变之时，就有了前瞻性的发问——我们能否在地球上"驯 服"这种能量？上世纪50年代，人类建造托卡马克装置，并提出仿星器的概念；1955年，我国科学家倡 议开展"可控热核反应"研究。如今，全球最大的聚变科研工程——国际热核聚变实验堆（ITER）正在 各国合作下稳步推进，人类对永恒清洁能源探索的脚步从未停歇。 聚变之难，难在"点亮太阳"，更难在"稳定燃烧"。既要把氘氚等离子体加热到远超太阳核心温度， 又要将难以驯服的高温等离子体束缚住，使其源源不断发生持续聚变。难点远不止聚变本身，以磁约束 聚变为例，聚变堆还需找到耐超高温和强中子辐射的结构材料，才能够研制出可靠的超导磁体和低温系 统。可以说，聚变能研究集等离子体物理、核工程、材料科学等众多领域难题于一身，是迄今最复杂的 能源技术之一。 越是攀登科学高峰，越要有持之以恒的战略耐心。上世纪80年代，我国确立了核能"三步走"发展战 略，持续推动聚变研究。中国环流一号、东方超环（EAST）、被称为新一代"人造太阳"的中国环流三 号相继建成，突破了离子和电子温度"双亿度"，标志着我国对聚变能的探索正在从基础研究有序迈向工 程实践。 "聚变 ...

"十五五"规划建议提出，"推动量子科技、生物制造、氢能和核聚变能、脑机接口、具身智能、第六代 移动通信等成为新的经济增长点。"当今世界，清洁能源角色正逐渐从补充转向主力，从风光水储到氢 能、核能，清洁能源版图不断扩展，聚变能正是其中最具革命性的一块。与裂变能相比，聚变能能量密 度大、原料资源丰富、放射性污染低、固有安全好；与其他清洁能源相比，聚变能几乎不受地理与气候 限制，能实现连续运行、稳定输出，是未来清洁能源的重要发展方向之一。 早在科学家揭示太阳能量源于氢原子核聚变之时，就有了前瞻性的发问——我们能否在地球上"驯服"这 种能量？上世纪50年代，人类建造托卡马克装置，并提出仿星器的概念；1955年，我国科学家倡议开 展"可控热核反应"研究。如今，全球最大的聚变科研工程——国际热核聚变实验堆(ITER)正在各国合作 下稳步推进，人类对永恒清洁能源探索的脚步从未停歇。 蔡金曼 "聚变之路"既是一条科学探索之路，也是一条人类追求清洁能源的共同奋斗之路 2026年1月，《中华人民共和国原子能法》将施行，明确国家鼓励和支持受控热核聚变的科学研究和技 术开发，规定相关安全监督管理措施，既防范风险，又激发活力，以制度之 ...

12月9日拍摄的紧凑型聚变能实验装置（BEST）建设现场（无人机照片）。 12月9日拍摄的紧凑型聚变能实验装置（BEST）建设现场（无人机照片）。 12月9日拍摄的紧凑型聚变能实验装置（BEST）建设现场（无人机照片）。 12月9日拍摄的紧凑型聚变能实验装置（BEST）建设现场（无人机照片）。 ...

1. Report Industry Investment Rating - No information provided in the given content 2. Core View of the Report - This week, oil prices remained volatile. News of potential Russia - Ukraine negotiations on Thursday and the suspension of oil exports from Russia's Novorossiysk port due to an attack on Friday caused intraday fluctuations. The fundamentals maintain a pattern of oversupply and increased uncertainty regarding Russian sanctions risks. The US sanctions on Russia will take effect on November 21, and short - term statements from the US and Russia will affect market expectations. US EIA commercial crude oil inventories increased, while global oil slightly decreased. Due to high gasoline and diesel profits, recent refinery operations in Europe and the US have recovered, and the maintenance rate of Middle - Eastern refineries remains high. In the short term, the interruption of Russian ports supports the Dubai spread, but global supply pressure and OPEC's potential production increase plan limit the upside. In the short term, spreads and absolute prices will remain volatile, and the strategy of short - selling on rallies is recommended for the fourth quarter [5]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Oil Price Data - **Crude Oil and Related Products**: From November 14 - 20, WTI decreased by $0.44 to $59.00, BRENT decreased by $0.13 to $63.38, and DUBAI increased by $0.01 to $64.67. The BRENT 1 - 2 month spread increased by $0.07 to $0.58, and the WTI - BRENT spread decreased by $0.31 to -$4.38. Other related products also showed various changes [3]. - **Domestic Products**: From November 14 - 20, domestic gasoline decreased by 30 yuan to 7060 yuan, and domestic diesel decreased by 10 yuan to 6423 yuan. The domestic gasoline - BRT spread decreased by 24 yuan, and the domestic diesel - BRT spread decreased by 5 yuan [3]. - **Other Products**: From November 14 - 20, Japan's CFR naphtha decreased, Singapore's 380CST fuel oil increased, and HH natural gas increased. The spreads of these products also changed accordingly [3]. 3.2 Daily News - **US Government Policy**: The Trump administration is restructuring the Department of Energy, canceling the office focused on clean and renewable energy and creating a department for hydrocarbons and fusion energy [3]. - **Corporate Actions**: India's Reliance Industries will stop processing Russian oil at part of its Jamnagar refinery due to US sanctions [3]. - **Geopolitical Tensions**: Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard has elevated its combat readiness, and the Ukrainian military attacked Russia's Ryazan refinery [4]. 3.3 Inventory - **US Inventory**: In the week of November 07, US crude oil exports decreased by 1.551 million barrels per day to 2.816 million barrels per day, domestic production increased by 211,000 barrels to 13.862 million barrels per day, and commercial crude oil inventories (excluding strategic reserves) increased by 6.413 million barrels to 428 million barrels, a 1.52% increase. The US strategic petroleum reserve increased by 798,000 barrels to 410.4 million barrels, a 0.19% increase [5]. - **Other Regions' Inventory**: As of the week of November 12, the total refined oil inventory at the Port of Fujairah in the UAE increased by 3.204 million barrels to 21.181 million barrels. As of the week of November 08, Japan's commercial crude oil inventory decreased by 353,966 thousand liters to 10,379,001 thousand liters. From November 7 - 13, both gasoline and diesel inventories decreased, with gasoline at 10.4149 million tons (down 1.52%) and diesel at 12.8156 million tons (down 0.63%) [5].

Core Insights - The article highlights China's advancements in nuclear fusion research, particularly through the EAST (Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak) facility, which has achieved significant milestones in simulating fusion reactions and maintaining high temperatures for extended periods [1][2][4] - The ongoing upgrades to EAST and the development of the "Kua Fu" facility are crucial steps towards the next generation of nuclear fusion technology, aiming for commercial viability by 2027 with the BEST (Broadly Enhanced Superconducting Tokamak) project [2][3] Group 1: EAST Achievements - EAST has set world records, including a stable operation at over 100 million degrees Celsius for 1000 seconds, marking a significant milestone in fusion research [1] - The facility has evolved from initial short-duration experiments to achieving over 403 seconds of stable plasma operation during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period [1] Group 2: Future Developments - The "Kua Fu" facility is over 92% complete, focusing on the development of core components for the next generation of fusion reactors, with multiple successful tests and milestones achieved in 2023 [2][3] - The BEST project aims to be completed by the end of 2027, transitioning from experimental to demonstration phases of fusion energy [3] Group 3: Broader Impact - The advancements in fusion technology are expected to contribute to various sectors, including medical applications and public safety, with technologies derived from fusion research being utilized in proton therapy and security systems [3] - The Chinese government is promoting the integration of technological innovation and industrial development, fostering a comprehensive fusion energy industry chain from material production to operational design [3]

Core Insights - The article highlights China's advancements in nuclear fusion research, particularly through the EAST (Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak) and the "Kua Fu" project, which aims to develop a next-generation fusion reactor [1][2][3] Group 1: EAST Achievements - The EAST device has achieved significant milestones, including a world record of maintaining a temperature of over 100 million degrees Celsius for 1000 seconds, simulating conditions necessary for future fusion reactors [1][2] - During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, EAST set records for plasma operation times of 101 seconds and 403 seconds, showcasing China's growing capabilities in fusion technology [1][2] Group 2: Kua Fu Project Development - The Kua Fu project, initiated in December 2018, has made substantial progress, with over 92% of the overall engineering completed, focusing on the development of core components for the next-generation fusion reactor [2][3] - Key components of the Kua Fu project, such as the low-frequency current drive system and the domestic ion cyclotron heating system, have successfully passed expert evaluations and are now operational [2][3] Group 3: Future Plans and Applications - The 15th Five-Year Plan is expected to be a critical phase for China's fusion energy development, transitioning from experimental to demonstration reactors, with the BEST (Broadly Enhanced Superconducting Tokamak) device aiming for completion by the end of 2027 [3][4] - Fusion-derived technologies are already being applied in various fields, including medical treatments and security systems, indicating the potential for fusion energy to become a new economic growth point [3][4] Group 4: Industry Integration - The article emphasizes the integration of technology and industry in the fusion energy sector, with Hefei developing a comprehensive industrial cluster that includes superconducting materials, magnet systems, and vacuum equipment [4]