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The Hong Kong and China Gas Company Limited (0003.HK) 2025 Interim Results 20 August 2025 1 The Hong Kong and China Gas | 2025 Interim Results 2025: Overall Operating Environment and Group Strategy Macro Environment Group Strategy Uncertainty in tariff policies affects industrial energy consumption Weak economy and slight decline in PMI affect exports "Launching the Construction of Zero-Carbon Parks" brings positive impacts to green energy The government boosts consumption through fiscal subsidies and consu ...

Core Viewpoint - China has made significant progress in its green transformation, with a notable reduction in coal consumption and an increase in forest coverage and renewable energy production, demonstrating a commitment to achieving carbon neutrality by 2060 [1][2][3] Group 1: Carbon Reduction and Green Transition - The proportion of coal consumption in China decreased from 56.8% in 2020 to 53.2% in 2024, while non-fossil energy consumption increased from 15.9% to 19.8% during the same period [1][2] - China has established a comprehensive carbon reduction policy framework, with 31 provinces implementing their own carbon peak plans [2] - The installed capacity of renewable energy reached 2.159 billion kilowatts by mid-2023, achieving wind and solar installation targets six years ahead of schedule [2] Group 2: Green Building and Energy Efficiency - By 2024, over 97% of new urban buildings in China will be green buildings, and energy consumption in public institutions has decreased by 4% and 5.1% per capita since 2020 [3] - The energy consumption per unit of GDP is projected to decrease by 11.6% by 2024 compared to 2020, equating to a reduction of 1.1 billion tons of CO2 emissions [3] Group 3: Ecological Restoration and Protection - China has implemented 52 integrated protection and restoration projects, covering over 8.3 million hectares, and has restored approximately 1,780 kilometers of coastline [5][6] - The establishment of the largest national park system globally is underway, with 49 candidate areas and the first five parks progressing well [6] Group 4: International Cooperation and Climate Leadership - Over the past decade, China has significantly reduced the costs of wind and solar power by over 60% and 80%, respectively, and has engaged in climate cooperation with 42 countries [7] - China is actively fulfilling its international climate obligations and playing a crucial role in global climate governance [7]

Sales Revenues and Profitability - Eesti Energia Group's sales revenue in Q2 2025 was EUR 388 million, with a decline in EBITDA to EUR 80 million and adjusted EBITDA at EUR 83 million. Reported net profit was EUR 30 million, while adjusted net profit reached EUR 33 million [1][2] - The performance was primarily affected by falling shale oil and electricity prices, with Baltic energy prices returning to pre-energy crisis levels seen before 2022 [2][5] - The 'Other' segment, particularly frequency services, showed strong growth in both revenue and EBITDA despite overall lower profitability compared to Q2 2024 [2] Renewable Generation and Electricity Sales Segment - Sales revenue from this segment decreased by 26% year-on-year to EUR 170 million, while renewable electricity production increased by 27% to 0.6 TWh due to new wind farms [6] - Segment EBITDA dropped by 64% to EUR 13 million, primarily due to lower sales prices and sales volumes, although reduced electricity purchasing costs provided some offset [7] Non-Renewable Electricity Production - Sales revenue from non-renewable electricity increased by 6% year-on-year to EUR 37.1 million, with generation rising by 2% to 0.3 TWh [8] - Segment EBITDA declined by EUR 18 million due to higher CO₂ costs and increased fixed costs, despite the importance of fossil-based generation facilities for power generation and frequency services [9] Distribution Segment - Sales revenue from the distribution segment increased by 9% to EUR 73.7 million, supported by higher tariffs and a 2% increase in distributed volumes [11] - Segment EBITDA grew by 35% year-on-year, driven by a higher average sales price and lower variable costs [12] Shale Oil Segment - Sales revenue in the shale oil segment fell by 17% to EUR 43 million, mainly due to a 15% drop in sales volumes and a 20% decrease in average sales price [13] - Segment EBITDA declined by EUR 64 million, largely due to a one-off benefit recorded in Q2 2024 that did not recur this year [14] Other Products and Services - Sales revenue from other products and services nearly doubled year-on-year to EUR 32 million, driven by strong performance in frequency services [15] - Frequency services contributed EUR 27 million in revenue and EUR 31.3 million in EBITDA, with overall segment EBITDA rising by EUR 23 million [15] Investments - Group capital expenditure amounted to EUR 120 million in Q2 2025, down 43% year-on-year, with significant investments directed towards renewable energy projects and electricity distribution network enhancements [17] Financing and Liquidity - As of 30 June 2025, Eesti Energia held EUR 619 million in liquid assets, with total available liquidity of EUR 1,019 million [18] - Total debt stood at EUR 1,731 million, with net debt amounting to EUR 1,113 million, down EUR 271 million from a year earlier [18] Key Financial Information - For Q2 2025, the company reported revenue of EUR 387.8 million, operating profit of EUR 38.3 million, and profit for the period of EUR 30 million [20]

Group 1 - The rapid growth of clean energy generation is leading to increasing challenges in its consumption, particularly due to the inherent volatility and intermittency of wind and solar resources [1] - The existing power grid infrastructure struggles to adapt quickly to the demands of large-scale renewable energy integration, with current technologies like flexible coal plant modifications and large-scale energy storage not meeting the requirements for high proportions of clean energy [1] - Distributed renewable energy consumption is limited by the capacity of distribution networks, leading to increased instances of curtailment of wind and solar energy due to voltage and capacity constraints [1] Group 2 - The potential of virtual power plants to aggregate demand-side resources is crucial for enhancing the operational flexibility of grids with high proportions of clean energy [2] - Demand-side flexibility resources, such as electric vehicles and industrial loads, can provide a more cost-effective and broader range of adjustments compared to traditional grid infrastructure, but require organized aggregation to achieve scale [2] - Promoting local consumption of distributed energy and developing flexible local market mechanisms are essential for optimizing renewable energy utilization [2]

Core Viewpoint - Saudi Arabia's ACWA Power has signed several agreements with European companies, including France's Total Energy and Italy's Edison, aimed at exporting electricity generated from renewable energy to Europe [1] Group 1 - ACWA Power is collaborating with European firms to enhance renewable energy exports [1] - The agreements signify a strategic move towards increasing renewable energy utilization in Saudi Arabia [1] - The partnerships with Total Energy and Edison highlight the growing interest of European companies in Saudi Arabia's renewable energy sector [1]

Core Viewpoint - The document outlines the renewable energy power consumption responsibility weights for 2025 and 2026, emphasizing the need for provinces to enhance their renewable energy consumption and green electricity usage in key industries to support carbon neutrality goals [2][3]. Group 1: Renewable Energy Consumption Responsibility Weights - The 2025 renewable energy power consumption responsibility weight is a binding indicator for provinces, while the 2026 weight is a target for project preparation [2]. - Provinces are required to optimize the scale of renewable energy included in the sustainable development pricing settlement mechanism based on the 2025 consumption responsibility weight completion [2][4]. Group 2: Green Electricity Consumption in Key Industries - In addition to the electrolytic aluminum industry, the 2025 green electricity consumption ratio will also include steel, cement, polysilicon industries, and newly established data centers [3]. - The completion of green electricity consumption ratios for key industries will be monitored, with specific assessments for the electrolytic aluminum industry in 2025 [4]. Group 3: Implementation and Reporting Requirements - Provincial energy authorities must develop and implement plans to ensure the responsibility weights and green electricity consumption ratios are effectively distributed among key industries [5]. - By July 2025, provinces must report their implementation plans, and by February 2026, they must report on the completion of their renewable energy consumption responsibilities [5][6]. Group 4: Monitoring and Coordination - The National Energy Administration will monitor the implementation of renewable energy consumption responsibilities and green electricity consumption ratios quarterly [6]. - Electric grid companies are required to cooperate with provincial energy authorities to facilitate the integration and consumption of renewable energy [5].

Core Viewpoint - The National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration have announced that the renewable energy power consumption responsibility weight for 2025 must be completed within that year and will not be transferred to 2026 [1] Group 1 - Each province's renewable energy power consumption responsibility weight will be calculated based on the actual physical electricity consumed within the province, supplemented by the purchase of green certificates from outside the province [1] - The assessment of green electricity consumption in key energy-consuming industries will primarily rely on green certificates [1] - In 2025, provinces will be evaluated on the green electricity consumption ratio for the electrolytic aluminum industry, while the steel, cement, polysilicon, and newly built data centers at national hub nodes will only be monitored without assessment [1]

Core Insights - The UK is facing a significant backlog in renewable energy projects awaiting grid connection, with over 770 GW of projects pending, far exceeding the current installed capacity of around 60 GW [1] - The average waiting time for renewable energy projects to connect to the grid has surpassed 6 years, with about 30% of installations facing delays of over 10 years [1] - The backlog is hindering the UK's energy transition, with the annual growth rate of renewable energy generation dropping to 4.45% over the past three years, below the medium to long-term target of over 20% [1] Grid Connection Issues - The core issue lies in the rigid grid connection mechanism and outdated grid investment planning [2] - The management of grid connection is characterized by a "first-come, first-served" principle, allowing developers to queue regardless of project feasibility, leading to speculative applications and a high number of "zombie projects" [3] - Regulatory mechanisms have resulted in insufficient grid investment, exacerbating the backlog problem [4] Reform Initiatives - The UK has introduced the "TMO4+" reform to address the backlog and inefficiencies in planning, focusing on a demand-driven approach and verifying project maturity [6] - A dual-threshold admission standard will be implemented, replacing the traditional queuing system with a "ready to connect" mechanism, which requires projects to demonstrate feasibility and alignment with the UK's 2030 carbon peak planning [6] - The reform is expected to eliminate approximately 68% of "zombie projects," freeing up resources for viable projects [6] Dynamic Queue Optimization - The reform includes a "process elimination system" to remove overdue projects from the queue, thereby releasing grid capacity [7] - A "flexible replacement" rule will allow mature projects to fill capacity gaps quickly, and regional capacity rebalancing will address structural imbalances in energy distribution [7] - A streamlined approval process will be established, integrating various departmental procedures into a "one-stop" platform to reduce administrative time costs [7] Investment in Grid Infrastructure - The UK plans to invest £35 billion in the largest grid upgrade project globally from 2026 to 2031, focusing on enhancing renewable energy transmission and grid flexibility [9] - Over £11 billion will be allocated for maintenance and upgrades of existing transmission networks, while approximately £24 billion will support strategic transmission investments [9] - The upgrade will involve enhancing around 3,500 km of overhead lines to nearly double transmission capacity and deploying innovative technologies [9] Lessons for Other Markets - Other markets, such as China, can learn from the UK's experience by ensuring adequate infrastructure investment and optimizing priority mechanisms and approval efficiency [11] - Emphasizing "proactive grid investment" principles and enhancing the capacity of transmission networks in renewable-rich areas are crucial [11] - A unified management approach can prevent fragmented development and ensure coordinated resource allocation [12] - Prioritizing mature projects and implementing a dynamic scoring system for project prioritization can help avoid resource misallocation [13]

Core Insights - The proportion of renewable energy used for electricity generation in Israel has increased from less than 20% before the war to 40% currently [1] Group 1 - The significant rise in renewable energy usage indicates a shift in Israel's energy strategy [1]