德国国防部长皮斯托里乌斯在会议期间宣布，德国将在波兰马尔堡空军基地部署"欧洲战斗机"以协防北 约东翼，并投入100亿欧元用于无人机技术研发。 近期，德国、丹麦、挪威和波兰等欧洲国家分别报告其领空出现来历不明的无人机。欧盟多国以及北 约、乌克兰方面同意打造具备侦察、追踪和拦截功能的"无人机墙"。 吕特当天在比利时布鲁塞尔举行的北约防长会议上说，北约和欧盟在打造"无人机墙"工作中分工明确， 北约负责提供军事能力，欧盟运用其市场软实力并确保资金落实。此外，北约将采取更多反无人机措施 以提升防御能力。 新华社布鲁塞尔10月15日电 北约秘书长吕特15日说，北约和欧盟正协同打造"无人机墙"，以保护成员 国领空免受无人机侵扰，维护欧洲安全。 欧盟外交与安全政策高级代表卡拉斯在会议上透露，欧盟计划于2027年年底前建成功能完备的反无人机 防御系统。 ...

Group 1 - Germany plans to order weapons worth €7.5 billion (approximately ¥617 billion) to modernize its armed forces and address external threats [1] - The procurement includes €3.5 billion (approximately ¥288 billion) for 274 armored reconnaissance vehicles, with deliveries expected to start in 2028 [1] - The plan also involves purchasing 150 "Puma" armored vehicles for €3.4 billion (approximately ¥280 billion), with deliveries anticipated between 2027 and 2031 [3] Group 2 - Additionally, Germany intends to buy improved "Sea Sparrow" missiles for €386 million (approximately ¥32 billion), with deliveries expected between 2031 and 2033 [3] - The German Federal Budget Committee is expected to approve these contracts soon [3] - This large-scale arms procurement is part of Germany's initiative to reduce dependence on the U.S. and take on more responsibility in European defense, aiming to create "the strongest army in Europe" [3]

Core Viewpoint - Germany's economy, facing a recession for two consecutive years, is heavily investing in the defense industry as a means to stimulate economic recovery, although experts caution that defense spending may not be the primary driver of economic revival [1][3][10]. Economic Context - Germany's economy has been struggling due to rising energy prices and slow industrial transformation, with a notable decline in industrial new orders, which fell by 2.9% in July, marking the third consecutive month of decline [3][4]. - The automotive sector, a key industry, is experiencing a sluggish transition to electric vehicles, leading to a drop in sales and profits among major car manufacturers [3][4]. - The German government has approved a significant budget for defense, with a total budget of €520.5 billion for the fiscal year 2026, including a defense budget of €82.7 billion, a 32% increase from the previous year [3][4]. Defense Industry Investment - The German defense ministry plans to submit over 60 orders by the end of 2025, including projects for a new generation of European fighter jets and infantry fighting vehicles, with budgets ranging from €3 billion to €10 billion [4][6]. - Germany's defense spending has been increasing for three consecutive years, positioning it as the fourth-largest military spender globally by 2024 [6][8]. Industry Dynamics - Major defense companies like Rheinmetall have seen significant stock price increases, with a nearly 2000% rise over the past five years, and are shifting focus from automotive to defense, with plans to completely divest from automotive parts by 2025 [6][7]. - Companies are expanding into new areas, such as Rheinmetall acquiring a naval shipbuilding company and other firms like Hensoldt experiencing a surge in orders for military sensors and radars [7][8]. Employment and Economic Impact - The German Employment Research Institute predicts that the defense industry could create up to 200,000 jobs in the coming years, although there are concerns about the limited economic stimulus potential of military spending [8][10]. - Economic experts argue that the fiscal multiplier effect of military spending is low, suggesting that investments in infrastructure and education typically yield higher returns [10][11]. Challenges and Limitations - The military-industrial complex in Germany faces challenges such as long project cycles and a highly automated production process, which limits job creation [11]. - There is a historical caution against militarization in German society, which may slow the pace of defense industry growth despite recent increases in spending [4][5].

Core Viewpoint - Germany, as the economic "locomotive" of Europe, has been in recession for two consecutive years, prompting the government to significantly increase investment in the defense industry to stimulate the weak economy [1][3]. Economic Context - Germany's economy, heavily reliant on exports, has faced multiple challenges including energy price shocks and slow industrial transformation, leading to a clear downward trend [3]. - The Federal Statistical Office reported a 2.9% month-on-month decline in new industrial orders in July, marking the third consecutive month of decline [3]. - Major automotive manufacturers like BMW, Mercedes-Benz, and Volkswagen have reported significant profit declines for the first half of 2025 due to slow electrification and external pressures such as high tariffs from the U.S. [3]. - The German government has approved a total budget of €520.5 billion for the fiscal year 2026, with a defense budget of €82.7 billion, a 32% increase from the previous fiscal year [3]. Defense Industry Investment - The German defense ministry plans to submit over 60 orders by the end of 2025, including a new generation "European fighter jet" project with a budget of €3 to €5 billion and the "Puma" infantry fighting vehicle project costing around €10 billion [5]. - The defense industry is seen as a crucial component of Germany's economic resilience and is expected to play a significant role in economic recovery [5]. Industry Challenges - The German defense industry has been in a state of contraction since the end of the Cold War, with military spending as a percentage of GDP dropping from 2.5% in 1990 to 1.4% in 2020, leading to reduced production capacity and a loss of technical personnel [5]. - Germany remains competitive in traditional sectors like tank and submarine manufacturing but lags in emerging fields such as stealth fighters and drones due to lower R&D investment compared to other military powers [5]. Market Dynamics - Germany's military spending has increased for three consecutive years, making it the fourth-largest military spender globally in 2024 [8]. - Rheinmetall, a major defense manufacturer, has seen its stock price rise nearly 2000% over the past five years, with 80% of its revenue now coming from defense [8]. - Demand for products from ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems, including submarines and frigates, has surged, with projected sales of approximately €2.1 billion for the 2023-2024 fiscal year, a 16.7% increase from the previous year [9]. Employment and Economic Impact - The German Employment Research Institute predicts that the upward trend in the defense industry will continue for years, potentially creating up to 200,000 jobs [13]. - However, some economists express caution regarding the potential of defense spending to significantly boost the economy, citing the need for government borrowing rather than tax increases to fund military expansion [15]. - The economic multiplier effect of military spending is relatively low, with estimates suggesting that every €1 spent on defense only generates about €0.50 in economic activity, compared to higher multipliers for infrastructure and education investments [16].

（文章来源：央视新闻） 消息人士说，上述装甲车和步兵战车预计在未来10年内交付，德国国防部还考虑购买数百辆"豹-2"主战 坦克，以及更多防空装备和无人机。 德国国防部尚未对其大规模军购计划发表声明。德国防长皮斯托里乌斯28日向议会通报了政府打造"欧 洲最强军队"的计划。路透社说，德国此举旨在减少对美国的依赖，在欧洲防务中承担更多责任，大规 模军购是德国强军计划的一部分。彭博社报道，德国军备订单将主要流向欧洲本土厂商。德国总理默茨 正推动将军费开支优先用于欧洲厂商，以增强欧洲在防务领域的独立性。 据多家媒体援引知情人士说法报道，德国正准备推进大规模军备采购计划，其中包括购买"欧洲战斗 机""拳师犬"装甲车和"帕提亚"步兵战车，预估耗费数百亿欧元，以打造"欧洲最强军队"。 据报道，德国国防部准备在今年年底前向议会提交超过60份军备采购订单，排在首位的是购买20架由德 国、英国、意大利和西班牙共同研发的"欧洲战斗机"，估价30亿至50亿欧元。德国还计划斥资约100亿 欧元购买由法德合资的KNDS防御系统公司和德国莱茵金属防务公司制造的"拳师犬"装甲车，另外计划 以70亿欧元从芬兰帕提亚防务集团采购步兵战车。 ...

Group 1 - The German government has approved the delivery of 40 European fighter jets to Turkey [1]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the escalation of tensions between Russia and Ukraine, marked by a significant increase in military actions, including large-scale missile and drone attacks by Russia on Ukraine, and the potential implications for NATO and European security. Group 1: Military Actions - On June 29, Ukraine's Air Force Command reported a large-scale missile and drone attack by Russia, described as the "largest air raid" on Ukraine to date, involving over 500 aerial targets [2][6][14] - Ukrainian President Zelensky called for increased pressure from the US and Europe on Russia, emphasizing the need for enhanced air defense capabilities [15] - Reports indicate that in the past week, Russian forces launched 114 missiles and over 1,200 drones into Ukraine, dropping more than 1,100 aerial bombs [15] Group 2: Regional Security Responses - Poland's Air Force announced the emergency deployment of aircraft to ensure the security of its airspace in response to the attacks on Ukraine [3][13] - German fighter jets were also deployed to intercept a Russian reconnaissance aircraft over the Baltic Sea, highlighting the heightened military readiness among NATO allies [17][20] Group 3: Political Implications - Hungarian Prime Minister Orban warned that Ukraine's potential NATO membership could ignite a conflict with Russia, potentially leading to a "third world war" [4][24] - The recent NATO summit in The Hague resulted in a brief declaration that notably did not prioritize the Ukraine crisis, reflecting divisions among member states regarding the issue [26]

Core Viewpoint - The negotiations for European fighter jets have made positive progress according to Turkish President Erdogan [1] Group 1 - The discussions regarding the procurement of European fighter jets are advancing well, indicating potential future collaborations in defense [1]