甲烷是全球第二大温室气体，是当前国际社会应对气候变化亟须管控的重点温室气体。在油气开采过程 中，常会产生大量甲烷气体。受技术、成本等因素限制，油气田通常会选择将这些气体直接排放或燃烧 处理，造成温室气体排放和能源浪费。 （文章来源：人民日报） 此次发布的方法学，旨在引导企业改进处理方式，将甲烷转化为可利用的清洁能源。在实现甲烷有效管 控的同时，推动降碳、减污与资源回收利用的协同增效，切实提升项目的环境效益与经济效益。本次方 法学设计过程中，充分借鉴了国际自愿减排机制的成熟经验，并结合我国油气行业实际，提升项目开发 和后续监管的可操作性，形成对标国际通行规则的高质量碳信用。 本报北京12月2日电 （记者寇江泽）生态环境部与国家能源局近日联合发布3项针对海陆油气田的温室 气体自愿减排项目方法学，这是全国温室气体自愿减排交易市场首次将支持范围扩充到油气开采领域， 通过市场机制破解油气甲烷回收利用难题。 下一步，生态环境部将加快推进自愿减排方法学体系建设，尽早实现重点领域全覆盖。同时，积极推动 减排项目开发落地，激励引导社会资本精准流向减排潜力大、综合效益突出的领域，为实现国家自主贡 献目标贡献力量。 ...

Core Points - The Chinese government has announced a new round of national contributions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, aiming for a 7%-10% decrease in total emissions by 2035 compared to peak levels, marking a significant milestone in climate change response [1] - The focus on controlling non-CO2 greenhouse gases has been integrated into China's carbon peak and carbon neutrality policy framework since the announcement of the "dual carbon" goals in 2020 [2] Group 1: National Policy and Goals - The new absolute reduction target for greenhouse gases includes all types of emissions, emphasizing the importance of controlling non-CO2 gases such as methane and nitrous oxide [1][2] - The government has issued various policies to strengthen the control of non-CO2 gases, including action plans for methane emissions and guidelines for greenhouse gas inventory compilation [3][4] Group 2: Implementation Strategies - A series of supporting policies have been developed, such as revising emission standards and implementing action plans for specific sectors like agriculture and industry to reduce greenhouse gas emissions [3][4] - The establishment of a carbon market that includes non-CO2 gases and the development of a national greenhouse gas emission factor database are part of the efforts to enhance emission control mechanisms [4] Group 3: Local Level Challenges and Recommendations - Local governments face challenges such as unclear emission data and inadequate policy frameworks for controlling non-CO2 gases [5] - Recommendations include improving data collection, developing localized policies, and implementing targeted emission control measures based on regional characteristics [5][6]

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Outperform" rating for the industry [6] Core Insights - The establishment of the "1+6" rule system for the electricity market is a significant step towards unifying the national electricity market, addressing issues such as high cross-province transaction costs and inefficiencies in data transparency and settlement cycles [3][18] - The third batch of methodologies for voluntary emission reduction projects (CCER) has been initiated, focusing on expanding the coverage of reduction projects, particularly in biomass energy utilization and methane reduction in the oil and gas sector [4][24] Summary by Sections Market Review - From August 11 to August 15, the gas sector rose by 2.49%, the environmental sector by 1.77%, and the water sector by 0.29%, while the electricity sector fell by 1.04%. The Shanghai and Shenzhen 300 index increased by 2.37% [12][13] Industry Perspectives - The "Electricity Market Measurement and Settlement Basic Rules" were issued, marking the completion of the initial construction of the "1+6" rule system for the electricity market, which includes long-term, spot, and ancillary service rules [3][18] - The rules consist of 6 chapters and 56 articles, covering measurement management, settlement management, and supervision management, and aim to unify the national measurement and settlement processes [18][19] Investment Recommendations - The report recommends Jiangsu Guoxin in the thermal power sector, with cautious recommendations for Sheneng Co. and Zhejiang Energy Power. It suggests attention to Funiu Co. and Huadian International [4] - In the nuclear power sector, cautious recommendations are made for China Nuclear Power and China General Nuclear Power [4] - For the green electricity sector, it suggests focusing on Three Gorges Energy and Jiangsu New Energy, with cautious attention to Longyuan Power and Zhejiang New Energy [4] - In the hydropower sector, it recommends Changjiang Power and cautiously recommends Huaneng Hydropower and Qianyuan Power [4] - In the environmental sector, it recommends Yongxing Co. and Xuedilong, with attention to Huaguang Environmental and China Tianying [4]