投资者大举押注美联储政策制定者下月会议将再次降息，此前一周市场对降息的疑虑已逐渐消散(曾一 度认为降息可能性较低)，为美国国债上涨奠定基础。过去三个交易日，交易员持有与美联储基准利率 挂钩的期货合约新增头寸规模激增，上周1月合约连续创下日成交量纪录。当前市场定价显示，美联储 12月会议降息25个基点的概率约为80%，而仅几天前这一概率还仅为30%。 周二，10年期美国国债收益率一个月来首次跌破4%——此前白宫国家经济委员会主任凯文·哈塞特成为 下任美联储主席的热门人选，进一步提升了市场对未来一年降息的预期。 达成共识 美联储官员在会议前引导华尔街预判最终决策以避免意外，这一做法较为常见。过去两年多来(涵盖20 次美联储会议)，仅有三次出现临近政策决策时，交易员尚未完全消化预期结果的情况。 自上周四以来，1月联邦基金期货新增头寸总量接近27.5万份合约。这相当于每基点风险约1150万美 元，占截至周二收盘该期限合约总未平仓合约的37%。该合约价格从上周四的96.18低点上涨至周一的 96.35高点，显示新增多头头寸持续流入。 利率预期的转变始于上周延迟公布的9月非农就业数据——该数据呈现喜忧参半的态势。随后在周 ...

智通财经APP获悉，在市场不断猜测特朗普最终可能会任命一位"鸽派"继任者取代现任美联储主席鲍威尔之际， 美国国债期权市场出现明显看涨倾向。过去一周，基准国债收益率从此前高点有所回落，而期权交易的变化也反 映出投资者情绪的微妙转变。 此前有媒体报道称，特朗普正在准备撤换鲍威尔，计划启用一位更倾向于尽快降息的新任主席。这一传言曾一度 推动30年期美债收益率在7月16日攀升至5.07%，创下5月以来新高。 然而，白宫随后表态称，总统并无意在鲍威尔任期结束前撤换他(鲍威尔任期将于明年5月届满)。这一表态缓解 了市场担忧，使得此前因担心通胀反弹而遭到抛售的长期美债出现"舒缓式反弹"。 鲍威尔方面则明确表示，在考虑降息前，将会评估特朗普新一轮关税政策对经济的实际影响。他的谨慎立场为市 场增添了不确定性，促使投资者将目光转向7月30日的联邦公开市场委员会(FOMC)利率决议，寻求更多政策线 索。 值得注意的是，美联储理事沃勒近期罕见地提出应在7月降息，使市场对美联储内部意见分歧的关注度上升。 在利率回落的背景下，30年期美债看跌期权的风险溢价有所下降。此前市场对于收益率上行的担忧导致对看跌期 权的强烈偏好，造成期权"倾斜率 ...

Core Viewpoint - Concerns over the expanding deficit threatening the U.S. safe-haven status are reflected in the weak demand for a $16 billion 20-year Treasury auction, leading to declines in U.S. stocks, bonds, and the dollar [3][4]. Group 1: Treasury Auction Results - The U.S. Treasury auctioned $16 billion of 20-year bonds with a winning yield of 5.047%, marking the second instance of yields surpassing 5% since the bond's introduction five years ago [3]. - The winning yield was 24 basis points higher than April's 4.810% and approximately 1.2 basis points above the pre-issue rate of 5.035%, indicating a significant tail risk [3]. - This auction is considered one of the worst performances for this maturity since its launch, reflecting deteriorating investor sentiment towards U.S. Treasuries [3]. Group 2: Market Reactions - The weak auction results exacerbated a multi-week sell-off in Treasuries, highlighting growing investor dissatisfaction with increasing U.S. debt levels [3][4]. - The S&P 500 index fell by 1.5%, while the 10-year Treasury yield reached 4.607%, the highest since February 13 [3]. - Analysts noted that the market's reaction to the auction signals a collective avoidance of U.S. debt by foreign buyers, with rising financing costs putting pressure on the stock market [4]. Group 3: Political and Economic Implications - The White House intensified pressure on Republicans to approve Trump's tax plan, which could add trillions to the already ballooning budget deficit [6]. - Concerns were raised that the current administration is unlikely to make meaningful cuts to the deficit, as highlighted by former Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin [6]. - The bond market is seen as a barometer for fiscal sustainability, with rising yields indicating that investors are increasingly wary of the government's fiscal policies [7]. Group 4: Debt and Deficit Statistics - The U.S. public debt-to-GDP ratio is approximately 100%, with interest payments projected to reach about $880 billion in 2024, exceeding defense spending [8]. - The amount of outstanding debt surged from under $14 trillion at the end of 2016 to nearly $30 trillion [8]. - The annual sales of U.S. government debt reached a record $2.6 trillion last year, indicating a significant increase in borrowing [8].