21世纪经济报道记者 边万莉 11月22日，为凝聚行业智慧、探寻发展新路径，由南方财经全媒体集团指导、21世纪经济报道主办 的"第二十届21世纪金融年会"在北京盛大召开。 在"财富管理的低利率之问"主题论坛上，21世纪数字传媒党委委员，南方财经全媒体集团编委会委员、上海中心主任王芳艳发 表致辞表示，当前，低利率环境的持续演进，正从根本上改变着财富管理行业的发展逻辑与前行方向。从宏观视角来看，我国 财富管理市场已具备相当规模，虽整体保持增长态势，但低利率带来的影响已渗透行业肌理。面对低利率的时代考题，财富管 理行业正经历一场深刻变革。 王芳艳进一步表示，转型之路从不平坦，行业在拥抱变革的同时，也正面临多重压力的考验。尽管挑战重重，但我们对行业未 来依然充满信心。归根结底，未来财富管理行业的竞争，核心是"投研实力+服务体验+技术支撑"的综合比拼。这要求我们所有 从业者，必须始终坚守"以客户为中心"的初心，用专业与诚信赢得客户的长期信任。 转型之路从不平坦，行业在拥抱变革的同时，也正面临多重压力的考验。尽管挑战重重，但我们对行业未来依然充满信心。归 根结底，未来财富管理行业的竞争，核心是"投研实力+服务体验+技术支 ...

Core Viewpoint - The improvement of the equity trust registration system is essential for the healthy operation of the trust system and serves as a key institutional guarantee for the transformation of China's trust industry from a "scale-driven" model to a "function-driven" model [2][4]. Group 1: Importance of Equity Trust Registration - The equity trust registration system is crucial for activating existing trust assets and ensuring the independent nature of trust property, which is vital for functions such as bankruptcy isolation and wealth management [4][6]. - The current legislative framework lacks specific provisions regarding equity trust registration, leading to challenges in practical implementation and the effective realization of trust property independence [6][9]. Group 2: Challenges Faced by the Current System - The term "equity trust" lacks a clear legal definition within existing laws, which complicates its application and understanding in practice [8]. - The existing equity registration system is characterized by institutional fragmentation, leading to incomplete information and delays in updates, which hampers the accurate reflection of actual ownership and changes in equity [9][10]. - The absence of a robust trust registration mechanism has resulted in increased operational risks for trust companies, as they often bear responsibilities that should be limited to trust property [10][13]. Group 3: Proposed Solutions and Innovations - A dual registration model, similar to that used in Taiwan, is suggested, which involves both property transfer registration and trust registration to clarify the nature of trust property and the legal relationships involved [14]. - Recent pilot projects in Beijing and Hangzhou aim to establish a more coordinated and transparent registration process for equity trust property, enhancing the independence and stability of trust assets [14][15]. - The pilot programs have specific eligibility criteria, focusing on limited liability company equity in Beijing and a broader range of assets in Hangzhou, including charitable trusts [15][16].

Core Insights - The overall profitability of the trust industry has slightly declined, with operating income down by 1.98%, total profit down by 3.72%, and net profit down by 2.83% year-on-year for the first half of 2025 compared to the same period in 2024 [1] - There is significant structural differentiation within the industry, with trust business income decreasing by 11.38%, indicating a continued contraction of traditional high-yield trust business [1][7] - The top ten trust companies by operating income are primarily controlled by financial groups or state-owned enterprises, which leverage their resources for business growth [8][10] Financial Performance - Among the 53 trust companies, 10 reported operating income exceeding 1 billion yuan, while 13 had income between 500 million and 1 billion yuan, and 29 had income below 500 million yuan [2] - The top ten companies by operating income include CITIC Trust, Yingda Trust, and Huaxin Trust, with revenues of 29.16 billion yuan, 19.41 billion yuan, and 16.34 billion yuan respectively [2] - Shanghai Trust reported the highest growth in operating income at 39.77%, followed by Huaxin Trust at 24.45% and Yingda Trust at 19.18% [2] Profitability Trends - In terms of net profit, CITIC Trust led with 15.67 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 13.47%, while Jiangsu Trust and Yingda Trust followed with net profits of 13.98 billion yuan and 13.62 billion yuan respectively [4] - The largest increase in net profit was seen in Kunlun Trust, which grew by 421.10% to 1.08 billion yuan [4] - However, 21 out of 50 comparable trust companies experienced a decline in net profit or an increase in losses, with the largest declines reported by Xingye Trust and Wukuang Trust [5] Industry Challenges - The decline in profitability is attributed to several factors, including rising management costs, increased asset impairment provisions, and the impact of new regulations on traditional high-profit channel businesses [7] - The industry is undergoing a transformation towards active management due to the significant reduction in channel business scale, which has historically been a profit source for trust companies [7][10] Future Outlook - The trust industry is expected to continue evolving under regulatory support, with real estate and equity trusts emerging as new business exploration directions [11][12] - The establishment of property trust registration systems marks a significant breakthrough in the trust asset registration system, indicating the potential for trust companies to better serve public needs and support the real economy [12]

Core Viewpoint - The pilot program for equity trust property registration is a significant benefit for the trust industry, simplifying equity trust structures and reducing setup costs, while promoting the integration of equity into family trusts and other wealth management services [1][3]. Summary by Sections Equity Trust Registration - Equity trust refers to the transfer of equity by the trustor to a trust institution, which manages and disposes of the equity according to the trustor's wishes [2]. - The pilot program in Beijing is part of broader efforts to innovate financial services and is expected to meet substantial market demand for equity trusts [2][5]. Market Demand and Opportunities - The equity trust market is projected to be worth trillions, with over 55 million private enterprises in China, indicating a significant demand for equity trusts as tools for enterprise management and inheritance [5]. - The pilot program aligns with the reality of limited liability companies, which constitute over 92.2% of all companies in China, thus addressing practical needs in the market [5]. Challenges and Future Directions - Current regulations are limited to property registration, with complexities in pre-registration and dynamic management processes, and further clarity is needed on aspects like circulation, listing, and tax systems [6]. - The independence of trust property can be confirmed through registration, separating it from the assets of the trustor and trustee, although tax treatment remains unaddressed in the current notification [6]. - The trust industry is encouraged to closely monitor policy developments and actively participate in system construction and business innovation to enhance the role of equity trusts in corporate governance, wealth inheritance, and employee incentives [6].

Core Viewpoint - The issuance of the "Notice on the Registration of Equity Trust Property" marks a significant breakthrough in addressing the long-standing issue of equity trust registration for non-listed companies in China, enhancing the operational clarity and legal framework for trust companies [1][2]. Group 1: Regulatory Changes - The new regulation strengthens the independence of trust property and provides clear operational guidelines for trust companies, facilitating the development of equity trust business [1][2]. - The "Notice" clarifies the registration and financial supervision details for equity trusts, distinguishing between the trustee's inherent property and trust property, thus reducing reputational risks for trust companies [2][3]. Group 2: Practical Applications - Within the first month of the new regulation, China Foreign Trade Trust successfully registered a customized equity trust for a biopharmaceutical entrepreneur, addressing common challenges in family business succession [1][2]. - China Foreign Trade Trust and Citic Trust completed two significant equity trust projects, including a service trust for strategic emerging industries and a risk disposal service trust for a company undergoing bankruptcy restructuring, showcasing innovative applications of trust services [3][4]. Group 3: Industry Impact - The new regulation and its initial implementations are seen as seeds for transforming the industry ecosystem, promoting high-quality development in the Chinese trust sector [4].

Core Viewpoint - Offshore family trusts have gained attention due to several high-profile failures, highlighting that trusts are not inherently safe and can be compromised by design flaws, control issues, and legal compliance failures [1][2]. Group 1: Differences Between Cash Trusts and Share Trusts - Offshore family trusts are commonly used by high-net-worth individuals for wealth planning, involving asset transfers to offshore trustees for legal, tax, inheritance, and asset protection purposes [2]. - Cash trusts require funds to be held in a trustee's account, ensuring compliance and asset isolation, while share trusts involve ownership of shares in offshore companies, which can lead to control issues if not properly structured [3][4]. Group 2: Tax Planning and Risks - Offshore family trusts can provide tax optimization for certain tax residents, allowing for deferred taxation and cross-border tax benefits, but pose significant risks for U.S. tax residents if not designed carefully [6][7]. - The transition from Foreign Grantor Trust (FGT) to Foreign Non-Grantor Trust (FNGT) after the grantor's death can trigger high tax liabilities due to the Throwback Rule, with effective tax rates potentially reaching 50% to 70% [7]. Group 3: Common Pitfalls in Trust Establishment - High-profile failures in establishing offshore family trusts often stem from retaining control, neglecting tax compliance, unclear asset sources, poor timing, and unprofessional trust terms [9][10]. - Many Chinese entrepreneurs misunderstand the trust system, often unwilling to relinquish ownership, which contradicts the principles of trust establishment in common law jurisdictions [9][10]. Group 4: Best Practices for Trust Structures - It is recommended to separate domestic and offshore assets, ensuring that domestic assets are managed by domestic trusts and offshore assets by offshore trusts to enhance legal compliance and enforceability [11]. - The importance of a systematic understanding of family trusts and offices is emphasized, particularly for older generations of high-net-worth individuals in China, to avoid fragmented decision-making that can lead to trust failures [11].

Core Viewpoint - Offshore family trusts have faced significant challenges due to various pitfalls, including retaining control, neglecting tax compliance, unclear asset sources, improper timing of establishment, and unprofessional trust terms [1][7]. Group 1: Offshore Family Trust Overview - Offshore family trusts are commonly used by high-net-worth individuals, particularly entrepreneurs and wealthy individuals, to achieve legal, tax, inheritance, and asset protection goals by transferring assets to trustees in offshore jurisdictions such as BVI, Cayman Islands, Jersey, and Singapore [2]. - There have been numerous cases where trust funds were withdrawn by non-trustees or beneficiaries, often linked to poorly structured trusts, particularly those set up as share trusts in BVI [2][3]. Group 2: Trust Types and Control Issues - Cash trusts involve direct deposits in trustee accounts, requiring trustee consent for fund movement, thus ensuring asset isolation and compliance [2]. - Share trusts involve assets held in offshore companies, where if the original owner retains control, it can lead to legal risks and potential breaches of trust objectives [3][8]. Group 3: Legal and Tax Considerations - The legal framework and asset location are crucial; mismatches can lead to trust arrangements failing or being "pierced" [8]. - Tax optimization through offshore family trusts is possible but must be compliant; U.S. tax residents face significant risks if not properly structured, potentially triggering high tax liabilities [5][6]. Group 4: Common Pitfalls - Common pitfalls leading to failures in offshore family trusts include retaining actual control, ignoring tax compliance, unclear asset origins, improper timing of establishment, and unprofessional trust terms [7]. - The case of Zhang Lan illustrates how retaining control over trust assets can lead to legal challenges, resulting in the trust structure being invalidated [7][8]. Group 5: Future Considerations - As older generations of high-net-worth individuals in China approach the end of their careers, a rational and philanthropic approach to family wealth management and inheritance will be crucial for societal development [9].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles highlights the increasing focus of high-net-worth families on finding stable wealth management strategies amid global economic adjustments and rising geopolitical risks [1] - The HuRun Research Institute's report indicates that China is expected to experience a wealth transfer wave of 79 trillion RMB over the next 30 years, necessitating professional solutions for asset allocation, tax compliance, and business succession [1][2] - The "Beyond Wealth: Sustainable Inheritance" national lecture series organized by the Harbor Family Office attracted over 200 offline participants and over 6000 online viewers, indicating strong interest in wealth management strategies [2][6] Group 2 - The Chief Economist of Harbor Family Office, Xing Lei, emphasized the uncertainties in the current economic environment, including the impact of the US-China tariff war and the limited return potential of RMB assets, while highlighting the advantages of low-risk dollar asset portfolios [6] - Legal expert Wang Fang discussed the dual-track protection strategy for families and enterprises, addressing higher compliance requirements in operations and inheritance due to changes in tax audits and regulations [8] - The lecture series serves as a foundation for future events, with Harbor Family Office committed to expanding its services to build a robust and sustainable wealth management system for high-net-worth families [8]

Core Viewpoint - The recent policy breakthroughs in real estate and equity trust registration in Beijing are expected to set a benchmark for the transformation and upgrading of the national trust industry, enhancing the legal framework and operational clarity for trust companies [2][3]. Group 1: Policy Implementation - The Beijing Financial Regulatory Bureau and the Beijing Municipal Planning and Natural Resources Commission have jointly issued a notification to facilitate real estate trust property registration, marking a significant step in the industry [1]. - The first equity trust property registration was successfully completed by CITIC Trust, indicating the practical implementation of the new policy [1]. - In the first month of the new equity trust registration policy, foreign trade trusts successfully executed three equity trust projects across family inheritance, industrial upgrading, and bankruptcy restructuring [1]. Group 2: Industry Impact - The new registration policies address significant industry pain points by clarifying the distinction between trust property and the trustee's inherent assets, thereby reducing risks associated with third-party claims [3]. - The policies provide a legal guarantee for trust businesses, enabling trust companies to engage more effectively in complex projects such as corporate bankruptcy restructuring and mergers and acquisitions [3][4]. Group 3: Business Opportunities - The registration system opens new avenues for trust businesses, allowing for direct registration of real estate as trust property, which aids in asset isolation and generational transfer, particularly beneficial for high-net-worth families [4]. - The improved equity registration system allows for direct registration under trust plans, mitigating previous operational risks and enhancing the ability of trust companies to participate in various financial services [4][5]. Group 4: Challenges Ahead - Tax policies related to trust property transfers remain to be clarified, which could hinder the development of real estate trust businesses despite the new registration policies [7]. - There is a need for greater public awareness and understanding of trust mechanisms, as many potential clients lack knowledge about utilizing real estate and equity trusts for asset management [8]. - A shortage of professionals with the necessary expertise in law, finance, and taxation poses a challenge for the effective operation and management of real estate and equity trust businesses [8].

Core Viewpoint - The issuance of the "Notice on the Registration of Equity Trust Property" marks a significant breakthrough in resolving the long-standing issue of equity trust registration for non-listed companies in China, enhancing the operational clarity and legal framework for trust companies [1][2][4]. Group 1: Regulatory Changes - The new regulation effectively strengthens the independence of trust property and provides clearer operational guidelines for trust companies to conduct equity trust business [1][2]. - The "Notice" introduces specific registration and regulatory details for equity trusts, addressing issues such as ownership recognition and complex transfer procedures [2][3]. Group 2: Practical Applications - Within six days of the new regulation, China Foreign Trade Trust successfully registered an equity trust for a biopharmaceutical entrepreneur, aiming to address family business succession challenges [1][2]. - China Foreign Trade Trust and Citic Trust completed two significant equity trust projects, including a service trust for strategic emerging industries and a risk disposal service trust for a company undergoing bankruptcy restructuring [3]. Group 3: Industry Impact - The implementation of the new regulation is seen as a catalyst for high-quality development in the Chinese trust industry, fostering deeper integration between trust tools and the needs of the real economy [4]. - The innovative practices emerging from the new regulation are expected to reshape the industry ecosystem and promote a more transparent and equitable financial service environment for business owners [2][4].