文 ： 华创证券研究所副所长 、首席宏观分析师 张瑜（执业证号：S0360518090001） 1 ）非农尚看不到迹象的潜在就业"新"趋势：目前来看，无论是货币政策制定者，还是学术与市场研究领域，对 AI 对就业影响的前景均判断不明 。 货币政策层 面 ， 政策制定者正在密切关注当前 AI 发展产生的"双重效应"，即 AI 促进经济产出增长的同时可能又压制了就业。 从部分地方联储的调查或研究来看 ，当前 AI 对就业市场的净影响仍然有限，但前景仍不明朗，存在高度不确定性。 学术研究层面 ， 对于 AI 影响就业的方向尚无定论，部分研究证实 AI 的就业替代效应， 也有研究指出 AI 的就业创造效应。 市场研究层面， 多数聚焦于当下或短期，认为 AI 对整体就业影响有限但行业异质性显著，但具体对行业影响如何也存在分 歧。 2 ）非农之外观察就业的"新"指标 ： 目前从 6 个跟踪指标来看，美国劳动力市场的近期（ 10-11 月）趋势是继续慢性趋弱：劳动力需求走弱（职位空缺数下 降）、新增就业下滑、失业率或趋于小幅抬升。 报告摘要 非农报告之外的美国就业市场观察 货币政策层面， 政策制定者正在密切关注当前 AI ...

证 券 研 究 报 告 【宏观快评】 非农报告之外的美国就业市场观察 主要观点 核心观点：政府停摆致数据断更和 AI 技术可能颠覆就业，引发了市场对于非 农报告"看不见"的就业市场信息的关注。本期海外周报主要观察美国就业报 告之外的就业市场信息，我们发现： 1）非农尚看不到迹象的潜在就业"新"趋势：目前来看，无论是货币政策制 定者，还是学术与市场研究领域，对 AI 对就业影响的前景均判断不明。货币 政策层面，政策制定者正在密切关注当前 AI 发展产生的"双重效应"，即 AI 促进经济产出增长的同时可能又压制了就业。从部分地方联储的调查或研究来 看，当前 AI 对就业市场的净影响仍然有限，但前景仍不明朗，存在高度不确 定性。学术研究层面，对于 AI 影响就业的方向尚无定论，部分研究证实 AI 的 就业替代效应，也有研究指出 AI 的就业创造效应。市场研究层面，多数聚焦 于当下或短期，认为 AI 对整体就业影响有限但行业异质性显著，但具体对行 业影响如何也存在分歧。 2）非农之外观察就业的"新"指标：目前从 6 个跟踪指标来看，美国劳动力 市场的近期（10-11 月）趋势是继续慢性趋弱：劳动力需求走弱（职位空缺数 ...

Group 1 - The ADP employment report for October indicates a significant rebound in private sector employment, with an increase of 42,000 jobs, while September's data was revised to a decrease of 29,000 jobs [1] - Economists had previously predicted a rebound of 28,000 jobs for the private sector, and the initial report for September indicated a decrease of 32,000 jobs [1] - The ADP report is compiled in collaboration with the Stanford Digital Economy Lab and is noted to differ from the official employment data released by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) [1] Group 2 - The ongoing government shutdown has delayed the release of the October non-farm payroll report, which was originally scheduled for October 3 [2] - There are concerns regarding the ability of the BLS to compile a complete October non-farm employment report due to the suspension of data collection during the government shutdown [1]

Core Insights - The ADP report indicates a stronger-than-expected growth in private sector wages for October, suggesting that the labor market is not in imminent danger of collapse [1] - October saw an increase of 42,000 jobs, the largest gain since July 2025, surpassing the expected increase of 28,000 jobs [1] - The report highlights a mixed employment landscape, with certain sectors showing growth while others continue to experience job losses [4] Employment Changes by Sector - In October, the construction sector added 5,000 jobs, recovering from a loss of 5,000 jobs in September, with wage growth remaining steady at an annual rate of 4.5% [2] - The manufacturing sector saw a decrease of 3,000 jobs in October, following a loss of 2,000 jobs in September, with wage growth slightly increasing to 4.8% from 4.7% [2] - The trade, transportation, and utilities sector experienced a significant increase of 47,000 jobs in October, rebounding from a loss of 7,000 jobs in September, with wage growth stable at 4.3% [2] Financial Services and Professional Services - The financial services sector added 11,000 jobs in October, recovering from a loss of 9,000 jobs in September, with wage growth remaining at 5.2% [3] - Conversely, the professional and business services sector lost 15,000 jobs in October, following a loss of 13,000 jobs in September, with wage growth unchanged at 4.2% [4] Economic Context and Future Outlook - The ADP report is seen as a critical indicator of the U.S. labor market, especially amid ongoing government shutdowns affecting the release of official employment data [4] - Economists advise caution in interpreting the ADP data due to its reliance on private sector payrolls, which may not fully represent the national employment landscape [5] - The Federal Reserve is increasingly concerned about the labor market's weakening, with recent interest rate cuts reflecting this sentiment, although future rate cuts remain uncertain [5]