Core Insights - The article discusses the development of the SimpleVLA-RL framework, which enhances the training of Visual-Language-Action (VLA) models in robotics through reinforcement learning (RL) techniques, addressing key challenges in data scarcity and generalization capabilities [3][4][6]. Group 1: Research Background and Core Issues - VLA models are crucial for robotic manipulation, integrating visual perception, language understanding, and action generation, but current training methods face two main bottlenecks: data scarcity and weak generalization [4][6]. - The traditional training process relies heavily on large-scale human operation data, which is costly and difficult to scale, limiting model scalability [4][6]. - The article raises the question of whether RL can enhance the long-term action planning capabilities of VLA models, despite the unique challenges posed by VLA applications [4][6]. Group 2: SimpleVLA-RL Framework Contributions - SimpleVLA-RL is designed to improve VLA training efficiency, particularly in data-scarce environments, and has achieved state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance in benchmark tests like LIBERO and RoboTwin [7][8]. - The framework incorporates interactive trajectory sampling, parallel training across multiple environments, and a unified design for training, inference, and rendering, addressing the slow interaction and high cost issues of VLA models [7][8]. - It has demonstrated significant improvements in success rates across various tasks, such as increasing LIBERO's average success rate from 91.0% to 99.1% and RoboTwin 2.0 from 38.3% to 68.8% [7][8][14]. Group 3: Data Efficiency and Generalization - SimpleVLA-RL significantly reduces the dependency on large-scale demonstration data, achieving an average success rate of 96.9% with only one trajectory of demonstration data, surpassing the performance of full-trajectory supervised fine-tuning [19][20]. - The framework enhances the model's robustness across different scenes, objects, and tasks, demonstrating improved performance in unseen tasks compared to traditional methods [21][24]. Group 4: Real-World Deployment and Innovations - The framework has shown effective Sim-to-Real transfer, with real-world task success rates improving from 17.5% to 38.5% using only simulated data for training [24][27]. - A notable discovery is the "Pushcut" phenomenon, where the RL-trained model autonomously discovers more efficient strategies beyond human demonstrations, indicating a potential for innovative behavior in VLA models [25][30]. Group 5: Summary and Conclusions - SimpleVLA-RL addresses three core issues in VLA model training: reducing reliance on large-scale demonstration data, enhancing generalization capabilities, and achieving efficient Sim-to-Real transfer [31][32]. - The findings suggest that RL can enable VLA models to explore superior strategies, paving the way for future developments in autonomous and adaptive robotic systems [31][32].

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最近，大模型在自动驾驶领域也逐渐崭露头角，像视觉-语言模型（VLM）和视觉-语言-动作模型（VLA）已经在理解场景、语义关联和泛化能力上有了不错的表现。不 过，这类模型在实际连续控制场景中还受一些限制，比如推理速度慢、动作不够连贯，以及安全性保障难度大。 与此同时，扩散模型（Diffusion Models）正在改变视觉、音频和控制领域的生成式建模方式。和传统的回归或分类方法不同，扩散策略（Diffusion Policy, DP）把动作生 成看作一个"逐步去噪"的过程，不仅能更好地表达多种可能的驾驶选择，还能保持轨迹的时序一致性和训练的稳定性。不过，这类方法在自动驾驶中还没被系统化研究 过。扩散策略通过直接建模输出动作空间，为生成平滑可靠的驾驶轨迹提供了一种更强大、更灵活的思路，非常适合解决驾驶决策中的多样性和长期稳定性问题。 另一方面，专家混合（MoE, Mixture of Experts）技术也逐渐成为大模型的重要架构。它通过按需激活少量专家，让模型在保持计算效率的同时具备更强的扩展性和模块化 能力。MoE 在自动驾驶中也被尝试应用，比如做多任务策略和模块化预测，但大多数设计还是面向具体任务，限制了专 ...

Group 1 - The article announces the recruitment of 10 partners for the autonomous driving sector, focusing on course development, paper guidance, and hardware research [2][5] - The main areas of expertise sought include large models, multimodal models, diffusion models, SLAM, 3D object detection, and closed-loop simulation [3] - Candidates from QS200 universities with a master's degree or higher, especially those with significant conference experience, are preferred [4] Group 2 - The company offers benefits such as resource sharing for job seeking, PhD recommendations, and study abroad opportunities [5] - Attractive cash incentives and opportunities for entrepreneurial project collaboration are highlighted [5] - Interested parties are encouraged to contact via WeChat for collaboration inquiries [6]

作者 | 论文推土机 编辑 | 自动驾驶之心 原文链接： https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/1948137034842611877 点击下方 卡片 ，关注" 自动驾驶之心 "公众号 戳我-> 领取 自动驾驶近30个 方向 学习 路线 >>自动驾驶前沿信息获取 → 自动驾驶之心知识星球 本文只做学术分享，如有侵权，联系删文 Diffusion 扩散模型整理 本文整理diffusion的数学原理，只有少量微分方程，随机微分方程和概率相关的公式，所以只需要基础数学背景也能完全看懂。如果实在看不懂也没关系，关注高亮块的 结论即可。快速阅读办法就是只看高亮块然后接受结论即可。更快速的阅读办法是只看第一章朗之万采样建立对diffusion的直观印象即可。总结来说：相对论就是和美女 在一起时间短，加班的时候时间长；diffusion就是用网络学习怎么解常微分/随机微分方程。 本文分成五部分内容： 首先我们整理与diffusion model相关的各个基础概念，这部分的整理都是数学定义，主要来自以下链接： [An Introduction to Flow Matching and Diffusion ...

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Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article highlights a significant organizational restructuring within a leading domestic intelligent driving company, driven by recent leadership departures and the need for a more efficient structure to meet rising demands for promotions among staff [2] - The company has seen a surge in its status within the industry due to the success of its intelligent driving solutions last year, becoming a benchmark that many competitors are now following [2] - The restructuring will expand the number of secondary departments from four to ten, creating a flatter organizational structure that provides more opportunities for advancement among employees [2] Group 2 - There is a notable division in the industry regarding the technical routes for the next generation of mass production solutions, particularly between the VLA and WA factions [4] - The article emphasizes that while VLA (Video Language Action) appears to be a shortcut, it is not the ultimate solution for autonomous driving, with the World-Action model being presented as the true end goal [4] - The organizational adjustments are aimed at better positioning the company to enhance VLA production optimization, increase new vehicle sales, and adapt to external environmental changes [4]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the current state and future prospects of end-to-end autonomous driving, emphasizing the concept of a "World Engine" to address challenges in the field [2][21]. Definition of End-to-End Autonomous Driving - End-to-end autonomous driving is defined as "learning a single model that directly maps raw sensor inputs to driving scenarios and outputs control commands," replacing traditional modular pipelines with a unified function [3][6]. Development Roadmap of End-to-End Autonomous Driving - The evolution of end-to-end autonomous driving has progressed from simple black-and-white image inputs over 20 years to more complex methods, including conditional imitation learning and modular approaches [8][10]. Current State of End-to-End Autonomous Driving - The industry is currently in the "1.5 generation" phase, focusing on foundational models and addressing long-tail problems, with two main branches: the World Model (WM) and Visual Language Action (VLA) [10][11]. Challenges in Real-World Deployment - Collecting data for all scenarios, especially extreme cases, remains a significant challenge for achieving Level 4 (L4) or Level 5 (L5) autonomous driving [17][18]. Concept of the "World Engine" - The "World Engine" concept aims to learn from human expert driving and generate extreme scenarios for training, which can significantly reduce costs associated with large fleets [21][24]. Data and Algorithm Engines - The "World Engine" consists of a Data Engine for generating extreme scenarios and an Algorithm Engine, which is still under development, to improve and train end-to-end algorithms [24][25].