Core Insights - The article discusses the advancements in astronomical observation and the significance of dark matter and dark energy in understanding the universe, highlighting the need for innovative observational tools to explore these mysteries [2][3]. Group 1: Dark Matter and Dark Energy - Less than 5% of the universe is composed of visible matter, while over 95% consists of dark matter and dark energy, which are crucial for shaping galaxy structures and driving cosmic expansion [2]. - Understanding dark matter and dark energy could lead to a revolution in physics, comparable to the impacts of relativity and quantum mechanics [2]. Group 2: Global Scientific Efforts - Global scientific efforts have been ongoing for decades, with various international observational projects like the DESI project in the U.S., the Euclid space telescope in Europe, and Japan's Subaru-PFS aiming to uncover the secrets of the universe [2][3]. Group 3: China's Astronomical Advancements - China is making significant strides in astronomy, although it still lags behind in ground-based optical spectral observation capabilities compared to international standards [3]. - The Guo Shoujing Telescope (LAMOST) and the upcoming Chinese Space Station Telescope (CSST) are notable projects, with CSST expected to achieve breakthroughs in galaxy imaging by 2027 [3][4]. Group 4: JUST Telescope Project - The JUST telescope, a 4.4-meter spectroscopic telescope located in Qinghai, aims to capture the "fingerprints" of the universe by obtaining spectra from tens of millions of galaxies [4]. - JUST is designed to have the highest fiber positioning density globally, allowing it to capture spectra from dense regions of the sky, significantly improving coverage compared to existing telescopes [4][5]. Group 5: Scientific Goals and Future Plans - JUST plans to observe over ten million galaxies within the next five years, creating a detailed three-dimensional map of the universe and accurately measuring the history of cosmic expansion [5]. - The telescope will utilize advanced technology and a prime observational site to transition China's astronomy from data consumption to active interpretation of cosmic phenomena [5].

1 月 31 日消息，荷兰莱顿大学科学与技术研究中心（CWTS）发布的最新全球大学排名最近在海 外引发热烈讨论， 该排名将两所中国大学置于前两位，而美国哈佛大学仅位列第三 。 《纽约时报》以"中国大学在全球排名中崛起，美国学校下滑"为题发表深入分析。而法国《世界 报》1 月 20 日报道称，该排名引发了广泛震惊，指出中国大学的崛起让西方感到自身的不确定性 增加。 《CWTS 莱顿排名》提供全球 1500 多所大学的科研表现信息，这一排名不依赖大学自身提交的数 据， 只看国际科学期刊的出版数据这一硬核指标 ，在莱顿排名中称为核心出版物。 从排名来看， 浙江大学、上海交通大学、哈佛大学排名前三 。 排名的第十一到二十名中，中国大学也占据了八个位置， 可以说是全面领先 。 大学后面跟着的 P 数字代表 2020 到 2023 年期间在核心出版物发表论文数量。 可以看到， 浙江大学凭借 40492 篇核心出版物论文遥遥领先于其他大学 ；不过 P（top 10%）数 据中美国哈佛大学依然一骑绝尘，达到 7003 篇，因此还是要正视差距，继续加油。 IT之家查询发现，2025 年莱顿排名首次推出了一个" 开放版 "，纳入 ...

Core Insights - Shanghai Jiao Tong University has launched the Optics GPT model, marking a significant breakthrough in the intersection of artificial intelligence and optical technology in China [1][2] - The model serves as a "virtual optical expert," providing intelligent support for research, design, and education [1] Group 1: Model Features - The Optics GPT model is characterized by four main features: lightweight deployment with a scale of 8 billion parameters, high cognitive ability through systematic knowledge injection, strong application performance in key scenarios, and full controllability throughout the data construction and model training process [1] - The model significantly lowers the application threshold for the optical industry, enabling efficient deployment on edge devices [1] Group 2: Applications in Education - As a next-generation intelligent teaching tool, the model transforms abstract optical theories and complex formulas into intuitive visual demonstrations and interactive Q&A, enhancing teaching efficiency and learning experience [1][2] - It can automatically generate rich teaching cases and virtual experiments, revolutionizing traditional teaching methods [1] Group 3: Applications in Research - In basic research and frontier exploration, the model acts as an all-weather intelligent research assistant, helping researchers quickly organize literature, inspire innovative ideas, and complete complex simulations [2] - It accelerates the research process from theory to validation by assisting in experimental design [2] Group 4: Industrial Design Impact - The model enhances key aspects of the optical industry chain, particularly in the domestic high-end instrument sector, improving user experience and increasing the intelligence level of high-end instruments [2] - In the computing infrastructure sector, it provides decision support for fault diagnosis and operation maintenance of optical interconnect systems in data centers [2] - In laser manufacturing, it promotes the intelligent upgrade of core components like lasers towards autonomous parameter optimization and intelligent fault maintenance [2]

如同一位"虚拟光学专家"，通过深度理解光学原理，为科研、设计与教学提供智能化支持。1月25日， 上海交通大学发布了一款光学领域垂直大语言模型——Optics GPT（光学大模型），这是一款完全自研 的国产模型。 上海交通大学发布一款光学领域垂直大语言模型——Optics GPT（光学大模型）。上海交通大学 供图 智通财经（www.thepaper.cn）记者从上海交通大学了解到，当前，通用人工智能模型虽功能强大，却难 以深入理解如光学等需要深厚专业知识与精密计算的硬科技领域，而Optics GPT则填补了其中空白，被 打造为光学领域的AI"资深专才"。这款专业模型由学校"光生未来"项目组潜心研发打造，并非简单改造 通用模型，而是从光学专业数据中"成长"而来，系统学习了光通信、光学设计等领域的核心知识与设计 逻辑。 Optics GPT具有轻部署、高认知、强应用、全可控的技术底座。具体而言，其模型规模为8B参数量级， 支持端侧与边缘高效部署，显著降低光学行业应用门槛；通过系统化、结构化注入光学领域知识，有较 强的"光学素养"和"物理直觉"；在算法生成、系统诊断、仿真设计、实验辅助等核心场景中性能领先； 从数据构 ...

Core Insights - The traditional higher education system in China is facing unprecedented challenges due to the rise of AI technologies, prompting discussions on educational reform and innovation [1][2] Group 1: Challenges in Traditional Education - Students show a lack of respect for traditional classroom settings, with attendance dropping significantly; for instance, in a class of 120, only about 50 students attended [2] - AI tools like DeepSeek are being used by students to enhance their learning, often outperforming traditional teaching methods in knowledge organization and synthesis [2] - The current evaluation system in education is misaligned with the skills needed in the AI era, as traditional methods emphasize memorization and repetition, which AI can quickly replace [2] Group 2: Integration of AI in Education - Nanjing University is launching an "AI Empowered Education" initiative in 2024, introducing a comprehensive curriculum that integrates AI across all disciplines [3] - The university has developed a "1+X+Y" core curriculum system, ensuring all students acquire basic AI literacy and offering over 200 AI-related courses [3] - Practical platforms like the "AI Trial Ground" are being established to allow students to apply AI tools in real-world scenarios, with some teams achieving international recognition [3] Group 3: Reforming Teaching and Assessment Methods - Educational institutions are reforming teaching and assessment methods to incorporate AI tools, with guidelines established to prevent misuse while encouraging innovative applications [4] - The focus is on helping students understand the capabilities and limitations of AI, with a dual approach of traditional plagiarism checks and AI-generated content detection [4] Group 4: The Future of Teaching - There is a pressing need for a transformation in teaching methods, as many institutions still rely on outdated standardized approaches to teach AI [5] - New hiring practices are being implemented, such as AI competency tests for new faculty, emphasizing the importance of AI skills in teaching [5] - The role of educators is evolving from knowledge transmitters to architects of AI education, blending academic, artistic, and technical skills [5] Group 5: Educational Philosophy and Future Directions - The educational landscape is undergoing significant changes, with a focus on fostering critical thinking rather than rote learning [7] - Educators are encouraged to become guides in students' personal and academic growth, emphasizing the importance of humanistic values and mental well-being [7] - The future of education may involve personalized learning paths enabled by AI, questioning traditional timeframes for degree completion [7]

如今，施福升、江上清伉俪已85岁高龄。两人切身经历过上海交通大学出版社筚路蓝缕的创业阶段，一 路走来，深知"出书立人"的重要性。因此，在上海交通大学建校130周年之际，他们特别设立"出书立 人"编辑奖励基金，旨在支持出版事业高质量发展。 施福升表示，图书质量是出版社的生命线，编辑工作是出版社的核心和灵魂。希望通过设立基金，鼓励 编辑同仁组好书稿、做好审校、多出好书，将"出书立人"的精神内化于心、外化于行，助力出版事业更 上一层楼。江上清表示，在上海交大和出版社二十余年的历练"赋予了自己一个很有意义的人生"，夫妻 二人都对出版社怀有深厚感情，心系出版事业发展，情牵编辑队伍建设，特捐赠设立编辑奖励基金以表 心意。 施福升自述，他初中毕业时，被保送到当时刚组建的上海交大预科读书，后来直升到上海交大船制系学 习。之后留校担任思政教师十几年，又在校内辗转了几个部门，直到1985年春末，施福升调至刚成立两 年的上海交大出版社，其间调出工作几年，最后回到出版社工作，直到2001年退休。江上清1977年从上 海师范大学中文系调入上海交大，先后在交大学报、校刊担任编辑，之后在出版社文科编辑室担任主 任、编审，直到2000年退休 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the limitations of existing robot learning datasets and task designs, emphasizing the need for a more systematic approach to evaluate and enhance robot capabilities through the introduction of the GM-100 benchmark test [2][4]. Group 1: Background and Issues - The rapid development of robot learning has led to numerous datasets and task designs, but many focus on common tasks, lacking coverage for complex and rare tasks [3][5]. - Existing evaluations often rely on a few common tasks, making it difficult to compare different research outcomes fairly [3][5]. Group 2: GM-100 Benchmark Test - The GM-100 benchmark test consists of 100 carefully designed tasks that cover various interaction scenarios and long-tail behaviors, aiming to provide a diverse and challenging task set for evaluating robot capabilities [4][11]. - The tasks were developed through systematic analysis and expansion of existing designs, incorporating insights from human action understanding [4][9]. Group 3: Task Design and Data Collection - The design of GM-100 tasks was based on human action rationality, ensuring a wide range of interaction scenarios and the inclusion of rare but important actions [9][10]. - A medium-sized dataset of over 13,000 trajectories was collected through teleoperation across two different robot platforms, ensuring diverse data for evaluation [11][13][16]. Group 4: Evaluation Metrics - The evaluation of models on GM-100 tasks uses several metrics, including Success Rate (SR), Partial Success Rate (PSR), and action prediction error, to provide a comprehensive assessment of robot performance [22]. - The overall success rate of the benchmark is low, highlighting the inherent challenges of the tasks and the limitations of the current data constraints [22].

1月17日-18日，中国共产党上海交通大学第十二次代表大会召开，这既是对过去五年砥砺奋进历程的全 面回顾，更是对未来征程勇毅前行的战略部署。学校明确未来奋斗目标：从二〇二六年到二〇三五年， 学校各项办学指标和整体实力进入世界一流大学前列，为建成教育强国作出重大贡献；从二〇三六年到 二〇五〇年，整体实力进入世界顶尖大学行列，为实现中华民族伟大复兴和推动人类文明进步铸就功 勋。 具体而言，上海交通大学希望经过十年的奋斗，到二〇三五年，汇聚一批具有世界影响力的学术大师和 顶尖人才，一批学科进入世界一流前列，若干学科达到世界顶尖水平，人才培养成效、科学研究能力、 社会服务贡献、文化引领辐射效应获得广泛认可。学校成为精英人才的孵化地、学术大师的聚集地、科 技创新的策源地、优秀文化的融汇地，各项办学指标和整体实力进入世界一流大学前列，为国家实现教 育现代化、建成教育强国作出重大贡献。 ——持续深化开放互鉴战略。坚持以开放促改革、促发展，扩大国际学术交流和教育科研合作，积极发 起参与国际大科学计划，汇聚世界一流教育资源和创新要素。持续打造国际化标杆学院和标杆项目，以 优质管理服务塑造国际化生态，进一步树立"留学交大""留学 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU) aims to become a world-class university by 2035, with a focus on academic excellence, talent cultivation, and significant contributions to national education modernization [1][3]. Strategic Goals - SJTU plans to gather influential academic masters and top talents, with several disciplines reaching world-class standards by 2035 [3]. - The university emphasizes the importance of the next five years as a critical period for breakthroughs and development [3]. Six Strategic Initiatives - **Talent-Centric Strategy**: Implement a dual-cycle approach for talent acquisition and cultivation, fostering a high-quality innovative talent pool [4]. - **Cross-Disciplinary Innovation**: Break down disciplinary barriers to enhance interdisciplinary collaboration and align with national strategic needs [4]. - **Open Exchange Strategy**: Promote international academic exchanges and collaborations, participating in global scientific initiatives [4]. - **Digital Integration Strategy**: Leverage emerging technologies like AI to enhance education, research, and management services [4]. - **Cultural Leadership Strategy**: Strengthen cultural heritage and values, enhancing the sense of responsibility and progress among the university community [5].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the ongoing efforts of a collaborative initiative involving multiple Chinese governmental and educational institutions aimed at promoting the spirit of scientists among youth through various educational and cultural activities [3][4][6]. Group 1: Initiative Overview - The initiative, launched in 2012, focuses on cultivating patriotism, innovation, practicality, dedication, collaboration, and education within the youth [3]. - It has expanded significantly, covering 184 universities and 8 research institutes across 30 provinces and regions in China, with plans for further growth in 2025 [3][4]. Group 2: Activities and Impact - The program includes creative performances and storytelling that transform abstract scientific figures into relatable role models for students, fostering a deeper connection to the scientific spirit [4][6]. - Events such as the "Science Master Drama" and youth lecture teams have engaged over 300,000 students, promoting the ideals of scientists through relatable narratives and interactive experiences [6][7]. Group 3: Future Plans - The initiative aims to further enhance its outreach by introducing new activities like the "Youth Speak on Scientist Spirit" in 2025, involving over a hundred universities [8]. - The program is set to align with significant dates such as National Science Workers Day, aiming to create a lasting impact on youth through continuous engagement and inspiration [7][8].