聚酯开工维持韧性，乙二醇盘面底部震荡 一、日度市场总结 主力合约与基差 ：乙二醇主力期货价格从3808元/吨上涨至3884元/吨，涨 幅76元或2.0%，显示短期价格走强；华东现货价格稳定在3845元/吨，无变 化。基差（现货减期货）为-39元/吨，贴水程度加深，反映期货市场相对 现货溢价扩大，可能受资金面推动。 持仓与成交 ：主力合约持仓量从353300手减少至317468手，降幅35832手 或10.14%，表明部分多头或空头平仓；成交量则从164315手大幅增加至 282100手，增幅117785手或71.68%，显示市场交易活跃度提升，但持仓减 少暗示短期投机行为主导。 供给端 ：乙二醇总体开工率稳定在67.63%，油制开工率保持76.23%，煤制 开工率维持在54.29%，供给端整体无变化。但利润结构分化：油制利润 （如乙烯制氧化法）普遍恶化，例如乙烯制-SHELL氧化法利润从-799元/吨 降至-889元/吨，降幅90元，显示原油成本压力上升；煤制利润则从112.46 元/吨改善至187.07元/吨，涨幅75元，表明煤炭成本下降支撑煤制产能。 需求端 ：下游聚酯工厂负荷稳定在89.42%，江浙织机 ...

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating No information provided in the given content. 2. Report's Core View The report presents the daily and weekly changes in various indicators of the asphalt market, including basis, spreads, trading volume, open interest, prices of different grades, and refinery profits, along with the price of Brent crude oil [3]. 3. Summary by Relevant Indicators Basis and Spreads - **Basis**: On November 12, the Shandong basis (+80)(Hongrun) was -2983, the East China basis (Zhenjiang warehouse) was -3063, and the South China basis (Foshan warehouse) was -3063, all with a daily change of -13 [3]. - **Spreads**: The 12 - 01 spread was 0 with a daily change of -1; the 12 - 03 spread was -47 with a daily change of -8; the 01 - 02 spread was -19 with a daily change of -5 [3]. Trading Volume and Open Interest - **Trading Volume**: The trading volume of the BU main contract (01) on November 12 was 237,856, a decrease of 76,306 (-5%) compared to the previous day [3]. - **Open Interest**: The open interest on November 12 was 345,731, an increase of 6,060 (8%) compared to the previous day [3]. Prices - **BU Main Contract (01)**: The price on November 12 was 3063, an increase of 13 compared to the previous day [3]. - **Brent Crude Oil**: The price on November 12 was 65.2, an increase of 1.1 compared to the previous day [3]. - **Asphalt Prices**: On November 10, the prices of Jingbo, Hongrun, Zhenjiang warehouse, and Foshan warehouse were 2990, 2950, 3170, and 3230 respectively [3]. Profits - **Asphalt Ma Rui Profit**: On November 12, it was 34, a decrease of 34 compared to the previous day [3]. - **Ma Rui - type Refinery Comprehensive Profit**: On November 12, it was -796, a decrease of 40 compared to the previous day [3].

Report Overview - Report Title: Commodity Quantitative CTA Weekly Tracking [1] - Report Date: November 4, 2025 [2] - Report Author: Guotou Futures Research Institute, Financial Engineering Group [2] Investment Rating - No investment rating information is provided in the report. Core Viewpoints - This week, the proportion of short positions in commodities has rebounded, mainly due to the decline in the factor strength of the black sector and the rebound in agricultural products. Currently, the sectors with relatively strong cross - section are non - ferrous metals and agricultural products, while the relatively weak ones are black and energy sectors [3]. - The short - term momentum of the black sector has declined, with a decrease in the positions of iron ore and rebar, indicating a more cautious sentiment after the realization of positive factors [3]. - The cross - section of agricultural products has reversed, with the short - term momentum of soybean oil slightly decreasing and that of soybean meal increasing, and soybean meal is relatively strong in the short - term cross - section [3]. Summary by Related Content Commodity Market Conditions - **Sector Performance**: The cross - section of non - ferrous and agricultural sectors is strong, while the black and energy sectors are weak. Gold's time - series momentum has marginally rebounded, and the decline in silver's positions is small. In the non - ferrous sector, the position factor has marginally rebounded, and the long - term momentum continues to rise, with copper being strong and alumina being weak. In the black sector, coking coal is relatively strong in the cross - section. The short - term momentum cross - section of the energy - chemical sector has expanded, and the chemical sector is on the short side of the cross - section [3]. - **Factor Performance**: The supply factor increased by 0.98% last week, the demand factor decreased by 0.64%, the inventory factor decreased by 0.48%, and the synthetic factor weakened by 0.62%. This week, the comprehensive signal is short [4]. Specific Commodity Analysis Methanol - **Strategy Net Value**: Last week, the inventory factor decreased by 0.05%, the spread factor weakened by 0.05%, and the synthetic factor decreased by 0.04%. This week, the comprehensive signal is long [15]. - **Fundamental Factors**: The supply side is neutral to short, the demand side is long, the inventory side is short, and the spread side is long [15]. Iron Ore - **Strategy Net Value**: The supply factor increased by 0.49%, the demand factor strengthened by 0.47%, the spread factor decreased by 0.09%, and the synthetic factor strengthened by 0.2%. This week, the comprehensive signal remains short [13]. - **Fundamental Factors**: The supply side signal remains long, the demand side signal turns neutral, the inventory side signal remains neutral, and the spread side signal remains neutral [13]. Glass - **Strategy Net Value**: The supply factor increased slightly, the demand factor is long, the inventory factor is short, and the spread factor is long. This week, the comprehensive signal is long [15]. - **Fundamental Factors**: The supply side is neutral to short, the demand side is long, the inventory side is short, and the spread side is long [15].

Group 1: Report Industry Investment Rating - No relevant content provided Group 2: Core Viewpoints of the Report - No clear core viewpoints are presented in the given content Group 3: Summary by Related Catalogs 1. Basis and Spread - The Shandong basis (+80) (Hongrun) was 6 on 10/30 with a daily change of 10; the East China basis (Zhenjiang warehouse) was 106 with no daily change; the South China basis (Foshan warehouse) was 126 with a daily change of 20 [3]. - The 12 - 01 spread was 15 on 10/30 with a daily change of -2; the 12 - 03 spread was -6 with a daily change of -7; the 01 - 02 spread was -5 with a daily change of -1 [3]. - The BU main contract (01) was 3254 on 10/30, down 20 from the previous day [3]. 2. Trading Volume, Open Interest, and Warehouse Receipts - The trading volume on 10/30 was 212,219, a decrease of 21,636 (-9%) compared to the previous day; the open interest was 338,671, a decrease of 1,392; the warehouse receipts were 9,120, a decrease of 800 [3]. 3. Spot Prices - Brent crude oil was $64.9 on 10/30, up $0.5 from the previous day [3]. - Jingbo's spot price was 3,260 on 10/30, down 20 from the previous day; Hongrun's was 3,180, down 10; Zhenjiang warehouse's was 3,360, down 20; Foshan warehouse's remained at 3,380 [3]. 4. Profits - The asphalt - Ma Rui profit was 251 on 10/30, down 33 from the previous day; the Ma Rui - type refinery comprehensive profit was 693, down 26 [3].

Group 1: Report Information - Report Title: "Asphalt Morning Report" [2] - Research Team: Research Center Energy and Chemicals Team [3] - Report Date: October 13, 2025 [3] Group 2: Market Data Summary Futures Contracts - The closing prices of BU contracts on October 10, 2025, showed varying degrees of decline compared to previous days, with the BU01 contract dropping by 57 to 3248, and the BU11 contract down 47 to 3328 [4]. - The trading volume on October 10 was 323,321, an increase of 107,262 from the previous day and 47,323 from the previous week [4]. - The open interest on October 10 was 322,594, an increase of 2,486 from the previous day but a decrease of 71,983 from the previous week [4]. Spot Market - The market prices of asphalt in different regions showed different trends, with the Shandong market price remaining unchanged at 3490, the North China market price dropping by 30 to 3560, and the Northeast market price falling by 10 to 3800 [4]. - The basis and monthly spreads of asphalt also changed, with the Shandong basis (+80) increasing by 17 to 172, and the 10 - 11 monthly spread rising by 56 to 112 [4]. Crack Spreads and Profits - The asphalt - Brent crack spread on October 10 was 98, an increase of 51 from the previous day but a decrease of 42 from the previous week [4]. - The asphalt - Marrow profit on October 10 was 22, an increase of 46 from the previous day but a decrease of 38 from the previous week [4]. - The comprehensive profit of ordinary refineries on October 10 was 449, an increase of 36 from the previous day but a decrease of 88 from the previous week [4]. - The comprehensive profit of Marrow - type refineries on October 10 was 833, an increase of 39 from the previous day but a decrease of 25 from the previous week [4]. - The import profit from South Korea to East China on October 10 was - 225, a decrease of 2 from the previous day and 49 from the previous week [4]. - The import profit from Singapore to South China on October 10 was - 960, a decrease of 3 from the previous day and 13 from the previous week [4]. Related Commodity Prices - The price of Brent crude oil on October 10 was 65.2, a decrease of 1.0 from the previous day but an increase of 0.7 from the previous week [4]. - The market price of gasoline in Shandong on October 10 was 7433, a decrease of 25 from the previous day and 84 from the previous week [4]. - The market price of diesel in Shandong on October 10 was 3803, an increase of 60 from the previous day and 50 from the previous week [4]. - The market price of residue oil in Shandong on October 10 was 3743, a decrease of 10 from the previous day and 10 from the previous week [4].

Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided Core Viewpoints - On October 10, 2025, the urea futures market opened low and continued to decline, with the price falling below the key integer mark of 1,600 yuan/ton, and the trading volume increased significantly. The weakness in the spot market, affected by weather conditions, led to a decrease in demand and a drop in prices, which in turn dragged down the futures prices. Attention should be paid to the recovery of the spot market [1]. Summary by Relevant Catalogs Strategy Analysis - The futures market opened low and continued to decline on this day, and the trading sentiment in the spot market did not improve. During the holiday, upstream factories carried out many maintenance operations, resulting in a slight decrease in daily production, but the high supply pressure remained above 190,000 tons. Nationwide rainfall affected agricultural operations, reducing urea demand and delaying the farming season. Downstream factories were on holiday during the National Day, with a significant decline in the operating load of compound fertilizer factories compared to the same period last year. After the holiday, as factories resume production and the weather improves, terminal purchasing is expected to improve. The inventory in upstream factories increased by about 17% compared to last week [1]. Futures and Spot Market Quotes - Futures: The urea main contract 2601 opened at 1,612 yuan/ton, closed at 1,597 yuan/ton, with a decline of 1.36%. The trading volume was 338,864 lots, an increase of 28,175 lots. Among the top twenty long and short positions in the main contract, long positions increased by 10,163 lots, and short positions increased by 18,454 lots [2]. - Spot: The futures market declined significantly the previous day, and the trading sentiment in the spot market did not improve. The ex - factory prices of small - particle urea in Shandong, Henan, and Hebei were mostly in the range of 1,500 - 1,550 yuan/ton, with individual factories in Henan having even lower transaction prices, and factories in Hebei having higher quotes [1][5]. Warehouse Receipt Information - On October 10, 2025, the number of urea warehouse receipts was 7,017, remaining the same as the previous trading day [3]. Fundamental Tracking - Basis: The mainstream spot market quotes and the futures closing price both decreased today. Based on the Henan region, the basis weakened compared to the previous trading day, with the basis for the January contract at - 57 yuan/ton, a decrease of 18 yuan/ton [9]. - Supply: On October 10, 2025, the national daily urea production was 199,400 tons, remaining the same as the previous day, and the operating rate was 84.25% [11].

Summary of Key Points from the Conference Call Industry Overview - The conference call focuses on the **government bond futures** market in China, detailing the mechanics, strategies, and key indicators relevant to trading in this sector. Key Points and Arguments 1. **Contract Specifications**: Government bond futures are categorized into four types based on maturity: 2-year (200 million RMB), 5-year, 10-year, and 30-year (100 million RMB). Daily price fluctuation limits are set at ±0.5%, ±1.2%, ±2%, and ±3.5% respectively [1][4]. 2. **Pricing Mechanism**: There is a reciprocal pricing relationship between the government bond spot market and the futures market. Technical analysis can predict trends and inform spot market transactions [5]. 3. **Key Indicators**: Important indicators include the main contract, cheapest to deliver (CTD) conversion factor, basis, net basis, bank repurchase rate, trading volume, and open interest. These indicators help assess market activity and identify arbitrage opportunities [8][9]. 4. **Basis and Net Basis**: The basis is defined as the difference between the spot price and the futures price adjusted by the conversion factor. A positive basis indicates futures are at a discount, while a negative basis indicates a premium. The net basis accounts for holding period returns, providing a clearer picture of investment profitability [3][13]. 5. **Trading Strategies**: Common strategies include speculation, hedging, and arbitrage. Hedging is primarily used by institutions like funds and banks to mitigate interest rate risk [27][28]. 6. **CTD and Conversion Factor**: The CTD is the least expensive bond that can be delivered under a futures contract. The conversion factor standardizes different bonds to a nominal rate of 3% for valuation purposes [11][12]. 7. **Market Sentiment Analysis**: Market sentiment can be gauged through open interest and trading volume. An increase in long positions may indicate bullish sentiment, while an increase in short positions may suggest bearish sentiment [16][26]. 8. **Arbitrage Opportunities**: Arbitrage strategies include basis arbitrage, curve arbitrage, inter-period arbitrage, and cross-product arbitrage. These strategies exploit price discrepancies between futures and spot markets [33][36]. 9. **Impact of Bank Repo Rate**: The bank repurchase rate is crucial for determining the profitability of a positive spread trading strategy, influencing both funding costs and overall returns [14][15]. 10. **Settlement Price Calculation**: The settlement price is derived from a weighted average of transaction prices and volumes throughout the trading day [17]. Additional Important Content - **Contract Rollovers**: The main contract typically undergoes a rollover process around the 18th to 20th of the month prior to expiration, affecting liquidity and trading volume [9]. - **Minimum Trading Margin**: The minimum trading margin varies by contract type, influencing leverage ratios. For instance, the 2-year contract requires a margin of 0.5% of the contract value [4]. - **Market Behavior Indicators**: Observing the nature of trades (opening vs. closing positions) can provide insights into market trends and potential price movements [22][24]. This summary encapsulates the essential aspects of the government bond futures market as discussed in the conference call, providing a comprehensive overview for potential investors and market participants.

Group 1: Report Industry Investment Rating - No information provided Group 2: Core Viewpoints - Zinc shows a slight fluctuation [1] - Zinc trend strength is 0, indicating a neutral outlook [2][3] Group 3: Summary by Related Catalogs Fundamental Tracking - **Prices**: The closing price of SHFE zinc main contract was 22,945 yuan/ton, up 0.09%; LME zinc 3M electronic disk closed at 2,844.5 dollars/ton, up 0.73% [1] - **Trading Volume**: SHFE zinc main contract trading volume was 184,578 lots, down 66,827; LME zinc trading volume was 18,296 lots, down 111 [1] - **Open Interest**: SHFE zinc main contract open interest was 134,060 lots, up 746; LME zinc open interest was 184,683 lots, up 837 [1] - **Premiums and Discounts**: Shanghai 0 zinc premium was -15 yuan/ton, down 5; LME CASH - 3M premium was 9 dollars/ton, up 19 [1] - **Inventory**: SHFE zinc futures inventory was 12,090 tons, up 1,002; LME zinc inventory was 116,600 tons, down 1,625 [1] News - Trump's stance on "firing Powell" has softened, but he and Bessent are pressuring the Fed to cut interest rates [2]

Sugar Industry Investment Rating Not provided Core View The global sugar supply tends to be loose, pressuring the raw sugar. The domestic sugar supply is marginally loose, and the price is expected to be bearish after a rebound, with attention paid to the pressure around 5800 - 5900 [2]. Summary by Directory - **Futures Market**: The price of sugar 2601 is 5632 yuan/ton, down 0.05%; the price of sugar 2509 is 5810 yuan/ton, up 0.09%. The ICE raw sugar主力 is 16.56 cents/pound, up 1.85%. The main contract open interest increased by 4.46% [1]. - **Spot Market**: The Nanning spot price is 6060 yuan/ton, up 0.17%; the Kunming spot price is 5905 yuan/ton, up 0.43%. The Nanning basis is 250 yuan/ton, up 2.04%; the Kunming basis is 95 yuan/ton, up 26.67% [1]. - **Industry Situation**: The national cumulative sugar production is 1116.21 million tons, up 12.03% year-on-year; the national cumulative sugar sales is 811.38 million tons, up 23.07% year-on-year [1]. Cotton Industry Investment Rating Not provided Core View The short - term domestic cotton price may fluctuate strongly within a stable range, but will be under pressure after the new cotton is listed [4]. Summary by Directory - **Futures Market**: The price of cotton 2509 is 13885 yuan/ton, up 0.14%; the price of cotton 2601 is 13820 yuan/ton, up 0.07%. The main contract open interest increased by 0.80% [4]. - **Spot Market**: The Xinjiang arrival price of 3128B is 15263 yuan/ton, up 0.58%; the CC Index: 3128B is 15266 yuan/ton, up 0.46% [4]. - **Industry Situation**: The commercial inventory decreased by 9.5% month - on - month; the industrial inventory decreased by 2.9% month - on - month. The import volume decreased by 33.3% month - on - month [4]. Egg Industry Investment Rating Not provided Core View The egg price is expected to rise first and then stabilize this week, but the rebound amplitude is limited and it is still under pressure at high levels [8]. Summary by Directory - **Futures Market**: The price of the egg 09 contract is 3580 yuan/500KG, up 0.06%; the price of the egg 08 contract is 3442 yuan/500KG, down 0.12% [7]. - **Spot Market**: The egg - producing area price is 2.51 yuan/jin, up 1.39% [7]. - **Industry Situation**: The in - lay hen inventory remains high, but the egg production rate and egg weight have declined due to high temperatures. The demand is expected to increase [8]. Oil Industry Investment Rating Not provided Core View The palm oil price may fall and adjust; the soybean oil price will maintain high production, and the spot basis quotation is under pressure [10]. Summary by Directory - **Futures Market**: The price of Y2509 is 7986, up 0.53%; the price of P2509 is 8682, up 0.51% [10]. - **Spot Market**: The price of Jiangsu first - class soybean oil is 8240, up 0.86%; the price of Guangdong 24 - degree palm oil is 8800, up 1.50% [10]. - **Industry Situation**: The domestic palm oil inventory and soybean oil inventory situation are given, and the influence of production and inventory on prices is analyzed [10]. Meal Industry Investment Rating Not provided Core View The meal market is under pressure, the domestic soybean and meal inventory is rising, and the meal price is currently in the process of bottom - grinding [11]. Summary by Directory - **Futures Market**: The price of M2509 is 2976, up 0.74%; the price of RM2509 is 2633, up 0.84% [11]. - **Spot Market**: The price of Jiangsu soybean meal is 2830, up 1.07%; the price of Jiangsu rapeseed meal is 2530, up 0.80% [11]. - **Industry Situation**: The US soybean production, export, and inventory are affected by weather and tariffs. The domestic soybean and meal inventory and supply and demand situation are also analyzed [11]. Corn Industry Investment Rating Not provided Core View The short - term corn market sentiment is weak, but the price decline space is limited. It is recommended to wait and see [13]. Summary by Directory - **Futures Market**: The price of corn 2509 is 2306 yuan/ton, down 0.60%. The main contract open interest increased by 2.28% [13]. - **Spot Market**: The Jinzhou Port FOB price remains unchanged; the Shekou bulk grain price is 2430 yuan/ton, down 0.41% [13]. - **Industry Situation**: The import corn auction situation, downstream demand, and substitution situation are analyzed [13]. Pig Industry Investment Rating Not provided Core View The pig price is under pressure in the short term, but there is no basis for a sharp decline. Attention should be paid to the pressure above 14500 on the 09 contract [18]. Summary by Directory - **Futures Market**: The price of the main contract is 13645 yuan/ton, down 0.37%; the price of the 2509 contract is 14345 yuan/ton, down 0.21%. The main contract open interest decreased by 3.05% [17]. - **Spot Market**: The pig spot price fluctuates, with prices in various regions showing different degrees of decline [17]. - **Industry Situation**: The secondary fattening enthusiasm has declined, the market demand is weak, and the production capacity expansion is cautious [17][18].

Report Industry Investment Ratings - Bullish: Aluminum, Palm Oil, Soybean Oil, Rapeseed Oil [1] - Bearish: Coke, Coking Coal, BR Rubber [1] - Neutral: Gold, Silver, Copper, Alumina, Nickel, Stainless Steel, Tin, Industrial Silicon, Polysilicon, Lithium Carbonate, Rebar, Hot Rolled Coil, Iron Ore, Ferro - Silicon, Glass, Soda Ash, Cotton, Pulp, Crude Oil, Asphalt, Shanghai Rubber, PTA, Ethylene Glycol, Short Fiber, Pure Benzene, Styrene, PP, PVC, Aluminum Oxide, LPG, Container Shipping European Line [1] Core Views - Geopolitical conflicts are intensifying, and options tools can be used to hedge uncertainties [1] - Asset shortage and weak economy are beneficial to bond futures, but the central bank has recently warned of interest - rate risks, suppressing the upward trend [1] - The situation has slightly eased, and the gold price may return to a volatile state in the short term; the long - term upward logic remains solid [1] - The market should pay attention to tariff - related developments and domestic and foreign economic data changes due to the repeated market sentiment affected by the Middle East geopolitical risks and the resilience of China's May economic data [1] Summaries by Industry Categories Macro - finance - Asset shortage and weak economy are favorable for bond futures, but short - term central bank warnings on interest - rate risks suppress the upward movement [1] Non - ferrous metals - Copper: Market risk appetite has declined, downstream demand has entered the off - season, and there is a risk of price correction after the copper price has risen [1] - Aluminum: Domestic electrolytic aluminum inventory has continued to decline, and the risk of a short squeeze still exists, with the aluminum price remaining strong; alumina spot price is relatively stable, while the futures price is weak, and the futures discount is obvious [1] - Nickel: The Middle East geopolitical risk persists, and the domestic May economic data shows resilience. The nickel price is in a short - term weak shock, and there is still pressure from the long - term surplus of primary nickel [1] - Stainless steel: The price of nickel iron has fallen, steel mill price limits are fluctuating, spot sales are weak, and social inventory has slightly increased. The short - term futures price is in a weak shock, and there is still long - term supply pressure [1] - Tin: The supply contradiction of tin ore has intensified in the short term, and the increase in Wa State's tin ore production still takes time, so the short - term tin price is in a high - level shock [1] Energy and chemicals - Crude oil: Geopolitical tensions are easing, and the price has fallen. The chemical industry as a whole has followed the decline in the crude oil price [1] - PTA: The spot basis remains strong, PXN is expected to be compressed due to the delay of Northeast PX device maintenance and market rumors of the postponement of Zhejiang reforming device maintenance [1] - Ethylene Glycol: It continues to reduce inventory, and the arrival volume will decrease. Polyester production cuts have an impact on the market [1] - Short fiber: In the case of a high basis, the cost is closely related to the price. Short - fiber factories have started maintenance plans [1] - Pure benzene and styrene: The price of pure benzene has started to weaken, the load of styrene devices has increased, and the basis has also weakened [1] - PP: The price is in a volatile and slightly downward trend, with limited support from maintenance [1] - PVC: After the end of maintenance and the commissioning of new devices, the downstream enters the seasonal off - season, and the supply pressure increases [1] - Alumina: The electricity price has dropped, and non - aluminum demand is weaker than last year. The market is trading the price - cut expectation in advance [1] - LPG: Geopolitical sentiment has eased, and the price premium is expected to be repaired [1] Agricultural products - Palm oil, soybean oil, and rapeseed oil: The US biodiesel RVO quota proposal exceeds market expectations, which may tighten the global oil supply - demand situation, and they are considered bullish in the short term [1] - Cotton: There are short - term disturbances in US cotton, and the long - term macro uncertainty is strong. The domestic cotton price is expected to be in a weak shock [1] - Sugar: Brazil's 2025/26 sugar production is expected to reach a record high, but the oil price may affect the sugar production through the sugar - alcohol ratio [1] - Corn: The overall supply - demand situation in the corn year is tight, and the short - term price is expected to be in a shock [1] - Bean粕: Before the release of the USDA planting area report at the end of the month, the futures price is expected to be in a shock [1] - Pulp: The current demand is light, but the downward space is limited, and it is recommended to wait and see [1] - Hog: The inventory is being repaired, the slaughter weight is increasing, and the futures price is relatively stable [1] Others - Container Shipping European Line: There is a situation of strong expectation and weak reality. The peak - season contracts can be lightly tested for long positions, and attention should be paid to arbitrage opportunities [1]