Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the "14th Five-Year Plan" for China's economic and social development, emphasizing its alignment with the strategic goal of building a modern socialist country by 2035, outlining seven main objectives for the period that are both inspiring and practical [1]. Group 1: Systematic Perspective - The main objectives of the "14th Five-Year Plan" adhere to a systematic view, encompassing various fields such as economy, politics, culture, society, and ecological civilization, aiming for coordinated development [2]. - The plan sets specific targets that contribute to the overall goal of achieving basic socialist modernization by 2035, including high-quality development, significant improvements in technological self-reliance, and enhanced social civilization [2]. Group 2: Strategic Orientation - The objectives of the "14th Five-Year Plan" are strategically oriented, linking them to the broader goals of achieving socialist modernization by 2035 and building a modern socialist country by the middle of this century [3]. - The plan focuses on addressing bottlenecks in the national economic cycle and social issues, aiming for breakthroughs in key areas such as economic growth, industrialization, and public service equalization [3]. Group 3: Phase-Specific Requirements - The "14th Five-Year Plan" serves as a critical period for laying the foundation for achieving socialist modernization, with targeted deployments addressing prominent issues affecting the realization of these goals [4]. - The plan includes specific goals reflecting the changing domestic and international environment, such as increasing consumer spending, enhancing domestic demand, and improving the income distribution system [4].

三、实现高质量发展的主要方式。一要加快构建新发展格局。注重科技创新，打好关键核心技术攻坚 战。发挥我国超大规模市场优势，推动供应链产业链优化升级。依托国内大循环，吸引全球高质量的商 品、资源和要素，畅通国内国际双循环。二要构建高水平社会主义市场经济体制。坚持社会主义市场经 济改革方向，毫不动摇巩固和发展公有制经济，毫不动摇鼓励、支持、引导非公有制经济发展。充分发 挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用。三要深化供给侧结构性改革。提升供给体系的水平和质量，更好适 应、引领和创造新需求。同时加强需求侧管理，努力扩大内需。实施区域协调发展战略。四要在高水平 对外开放中推动高质量发展，促进国际合作，实现互利共赢。五要把实体经济特别是制造业做实、做 强、做优，加快构建市场竞争力强、可持续的现代产业体系。六要深入实施创新驱动发展战略。坚持科 技是第一生产力、人才是第一资源、创新是第一动力，塑造发展新动能新优势。充分发挥民营企业在科 技创新中的重大作用，走"专精特新"发展道路。 【林毅夫：长安街读书会成员、北京大学新结构经济学研究院院长】 注：授权发布，本文已择优收录至"长安街读书会"理论学习平台（人民日报、人民政协报、北京日报、 ...

Core Viewpoint - The construction of major projects in Henan during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period is a key driver for high-quality development, with significant investments in infrastructure and technology aimed at enhancing the province's economic capabilities [1][2][3] Group 1: Major Projects and Developments - The opening of Pingdingshan Port and the groundbreaking of Shangqiu Airport mark significant advancements in Henan's infrastructure, enhancing connectivity and supporting economic growth [1] - The establishment of a "米" shaped high-speed rail network and the construction of the BYD base in Zhengzhou position Henan as a new hub for the new energy vehicle industry [2] - The entry of Super Fusion Digital Technology Co., Ltd. into Zhengzhou has led to a domestic market share exceeding 60% for localized AI servers, showcasing the province's technological advancements [2] Group 2: Strategic Goals and Economic Planning - The "15th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes the importance of expanding domestic demand and integrating investment in both material and human resources to stimulate economic growth [1] - The focus on project construction is seen as essential for stabilizing employment, businesses, and market expectations, thereby driving high-quality development [2] - The province aims to align project development with national strategic initiatives, ensuring that current investments translate into future industrial outputs [3]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the resilience of China's exports amid the ongoing trade tensions and tariff increases initiated by the Trump administration, with China's global export share reaching a historical high of 14.2% in the first half of the year despite a significant rise in tariffs on Chinese goods [2]. Market Diversification - China's reliance on the U.S. market has decreased from around 20% during the previous trade conflict to approximately 10%, significantly mitigating the impact of current tariff shocks [5]. - In the first ten months of the year, China's exports to the U.S. fell by 17.8%, contributing to a 2.6 percentage point decline in overall export growth, yet the overall export performance remained stable due to effective market diversification strategies [5]. - China's exports to ASEAN increased by 14.3%, contributing 2.3 percentage points to overall export growth, while exports to Africa surged by 26.1%, adding 1.3 percentage points [7]. - Exports to the EU grew by 7.5%, contributing 1.1 percentage points to overall export growth, indicating a positive response to demand recovery and enhanced cooperation [7]. Product Structure Optimization - The optimization of product structure is a core support for the resilience of China's exports, with industrial products dominating exports and a continuous shift towards higher-value products [9]. - In September 2023, the share of high-end products in exports reached a record high of 53.3%, with machinery and audio-visual equipment contributing 42.6% and transport equipment 8.5% to the export mix [11]. - High-end product exports grew by 9.0%, directly boosting overall export growth by 4.8 percentage points, showcasing strong growth dynamics [11]. - The competitiveness of Chinese industrial products, measured by the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) index, remains above 1, indicating a competitive edge over the global average [11][13]. Currency Exchange Rate Impact - The real effective exchange rate of the RMB fell by 4.6% in the first nine months of the year, enhancing the price competitiveness of Chinese goods in international markets [17]. - This price advantage has helped alleviate cost pressures from tariffs and has been a crucial factor in maintaining export orders [19]. Future Outlook - The resilience of China's exports is attributed to a combination of government and market responses to external shocks, including market diversification, manufacturing upgrades, and favorable currency movements [21]. - To sustain export resilience and achieve higher quality growth, China must strengthen its domestic economic cycle and continue to enhance manufacturing capabilities [22][24]. - The ongoing diversification of export markets and deepening cooperation with Belt and Road Initiative countries and emerging markets are essential for maintaining stable trade partnerships [24]. - The article emphasizes the need for continuous reform and innovation to navigate complex external environments and ensure sustained healthy development of export trade [26].

赵一德代表省委和省政府向中国进出口银行长期以来对陕西经济社会发展的大力支持表示感谢。他 说，当前陕西正按照党的二十届四中全会部署和习近平总书记历次来陕考察重要讲话重要指示，更加深 度融入共建"一带一路"大格局，大力发展开放型经济，加快打造内陆改革开放高地，不断在扩大对内对 外开放中强动力、增活力。陕西与中国进出口银行合作基础良好、空间广阔，希望双方围绕发展外贸新 业态、促进产业转型升级、服务企业"走出去"等方面提升合作能级，携手推动高质量建设中欧班列西安 集结中心，更好服务构建新发展格局。我们将持续营造一流营商环境，为各类企业在陕发展创造良好条 件。 副省长李钧，中国进出口银行和省直有关部门负责同志等参加座谈。 11月17日，省委书记赵一德、省长赵刚与中国进出口银行党委书记、董事长陈怀宇一行座谈。 陈怀宇表示，陕西区位优势明显、产业实力雄厚，中国进出口银行将充分发挥政策性金融优势，紧 密对接陕西高质量发展所需，大力推动银政企合作，持续为重点产业、重大项目建设提供金融活水，为 企业"走出去"提供融资融智综合性金融服务，更好助力陕西高质量发展和高水平开放。 ...

Core Viewpoint - The "14th Five-Year Plan" outlines a strategic framework aimed at promoting high-quality economic development, emphasizing the construction of a modern industrial system and a unified national market [1][3]. Group 1: Modern Industrial System - The plan prioritizes the construction of a modern industrial system and the strengthening of the real economy as the first strategic task, with a focus on optimizing and upgrading traditional industries and developing emerging pillar industries [3]. Group 2: Domestic Market and Economic Structure - The plan emphasizes the need to eliminate barriers to the construction of a unified national market, aiming to unleash the potential of China's vast market and enhance the internal dynamics and reliability of domestic circulation [5]. - It calls for the acceleration of the establishment of a high-level socialist market economy system, enhancing the driving force for high-quality development [5]. - The plan advocates for the improvement of the socialist basic economic system and the macroeconomic governance system to ensure stable and sustainable high-quality development [5].

习近平经济思想是在实践创新孕育理论创新、理论创新指导实践创新的过程中形成并不断发展的。 深入学习贯彻习近平经济思想，可以从标识性概念、规律性认识、原创性理论三个维度入手，深刻把握 三者之间的内在逻辑，不断推动体系化学理化研究阐释取得更大成效。 所谓原创性理论，是标识性概念和规律性认识在系统化建构中的理论结晶。习近平经济思想作 为"系统化的经济学说"，提出了一系列原创性理论。例如，创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的新发展理 念，作为一个系统的理论体系，回答了关于发展的目的、动力、方式、路径等一系列理论和实践问题， 阐明了发展的价值导向、发展模式、发展道路。关于高质量发展的理论，明确了高质量发展在全面建设 社会主义现代化国家中的"首要任务"地位，从更高质量、更有效率、更加公平、更可持续、更为安全等 角度明确了发展的价值内涵。这些原创性理论将一系列标识性概念和规律性认识按照其内在联系，整合 成一个有机统一的整体，形成了逻辑严密、内涵丰富的科学理论体系。 (本文来源：经济日报 作者宋葛龙系中国宏观经济研究院副院长) 所谓规律性认识，是连接标识性概念与原创性理论的桥梁，是从具体的感性认识走向抽象的理性认 识的关键环节。习近 ...

Group 1 - The core idea emphasizes the importance of innovation as a driving force for national and social progress, with China's ranking in the Global Innovation Index reaching the top ten for the first time [1] - The report highlights the need for China to focus on domestic development and leverage its large market advantages to construct a new development pattern, especially in the context of rising protectionism and trade conflicts [1] - Xi Jinping's economic thought stresses a people-centered approach to development, aiming to meet people's needs and enhance the quality of life, which has led to a more skilled workforce and a robust domestic market [2] Group 2 - The article discusses the significant achievements during the 14th Five-Year Plan period and outlines strategic deployments for the 15th Five-Year Plan, focusing on high-level technological self-reliance and common prosperity [3] - It addresses the global economic challenges, including insufficient growth momentum and regional conflicts, and presents China's initiatives for global governance and cooperation, contributing to inclusive growth [2][3]

（作者系中国宏观经济研究院副院长） 习近平经济思想是在实践创新孕育理论创新、理论创新指导实践创新的过程中形成并不断发展的。深入 学习贯彻习近平经济思想，可以从标识性概念、规律性认识、原创性理论三个维度入手，深刻把握三者 之间的内在逻辑，不断推动体系化学理化研究阐释取得更大成效。 （文章来源：经济日报） 所谓标识性概念，是科学理论的重要知识节点和逻辑起点，源于对新时代经济发展实践的深刻洞察与精 准提炼。习近平经济思想提出了诸如新发展理念、高质量发展、新发展格局、新质生产力等一系列标识 性概念。这些概念并非凭空产生，而是立足中国实际、在回答和解决现实问题中提出的，具有鲜明的时 代性和实践性。例如，"新质生产力"科学揭示了以科技创新引领生产力质态飞跃的深刻内涵，"新发展 格局"则科学提出了大国经济在更高层次实现顺畅循环和升级的关键路径，两者分别属于内在的生产力 范畴和外化的经济循环范畴。这些标识性概念构成了科学理论的基本元素，凝聚着对实践问题的深刻思 考，为规律性认识的提炼提供了基本素材和术语支撑。 所谓规律性认识，是连接标识性概念与原创性理论的桥梁，是从具体的感性认识走向抽象的理性认识的 关键环节。习近平经济思想 ...

Group 1 - The core idea emphasizes the importance of innovation as a driving force for national and social progress, with China's ranking in the Global Innovation Index reaching the top ten for the first time [1] - China's economic development has been significantly influenced by its deep participation in international division of labor, but the existing market structure poses potential risks amid global economic uncertainties [1] - The strategic significance of establishing a new development pattern is highlighted, especially in the context of rising unilateralism and protectionism [1] Group 2 - The focus on people-centered development has led to substantial improvements in income, education, healthcare, and housing, creating a high-quality labor force and a vast domestic market [2] - Global economic challenges, including insufficient growth momentum and regional conflicts, necessitate initiatives like the Belt and Road Initiative and global governance proposals to foster inclusive growth [2] - Xi Jinping's economic thought provides insights into addressing global issues and contributes to the discourse on the future direction of the world [2] Group 3 - Xi Jinping's economic thought addresses critical theoretical and practical questions, guiding China's development during the 14th Five-Year Plan and setting strategic goals for technological self-reliance and common prosperity [3] - The journey towards Chinese-style modernization is acknowledged to have challenges, but the right path will lead to overcoming difficulties [3] - Understanding Xi Jinping's economic thought is essential for grasping the current and future economic landscape of China [3]