Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the ongoing reforms in China's higher education system, emphasizing the need for better integration between academia and industry to address the long-standing issue of disconnection between university education and societal needs [2][3][4]. Group 1: Higher Education Reform - China's higher education is entering a new exploratory phase of reform, with the Ministry of Education announcing the establishment of ten new universities, including Greater Bay Area University and Ningbo Oriental Institute of Technology, focusing on research-oriented education [2]. - The reform efforts are characterized by the emergence of new research-oriented universities and the restructuring of established institutions, such as Fudan University and Shanghai Jiao Tong University, to enhance their educational offerings [2][3]. - The primary focus of these reforms includes the establishment of new research-oriented universities, enterprise-run universities, new engineering disciplines, and vocational technical colleges, aiming to address the historical emphasis on theoretical knowledge over practical application [2][3]. Group 2: Market Demand and Educational Needs - The rapid advancement of technologies like AI is reshaping traditional economic and social structures, necessitating a shift in higher education to meet evolving market demands [3][4]. - The Chinese government has outlined a comprehensive education plan for 2024-2035, emphasizing the integration of education, technology, and talent development to support modernization efforts [3]. - Despite producing over one-third of the world's engineering graduates, China faces a structural shortage of innovative and interdisciplinary talent, highlighting the importance of new engineering disciplines and research-oriented universities [4]. Group 3: Challenges and Opportunities - The article points out the critical challenge of integrating education with industry needs, stressing that simply placing students in internships is insufficient for fostering interdisciplinary problem-solving skills [4][5]. - There is a concern that the trend of vocational education transitioning to degree programs may dilute the practical focus of vocational training, raising questions about the effectiveness of such reforms [4][5]. - The emphasis on foundational research is crucial, as it distinguishes human capabilities from artificial intelligence, suggesting that universities should leverage their strengths to enhance educational outcomes [5][6].

曹德旺表示，福耀科技大学从体制上、机制上对标斯坦福大学；首年招50个学生，预算是8亿。 高考落幕后，对考生来说，接下来最关心的就是高考志愿的填报。随着近年我国新型研究型大学越来越 多，不少考生也有了新选择。 新型研究型大学以创新治理模式、人才培养模式和科研组织形式为突破口，以科学技术研究为主要任 务，具有高起点、投入大、高水平、国际化等特点。南方科技大学、上海科技大学、西湖大学、深圳理 工大学，福耀科技大学等都是新型研究型大学的代表高校。 福建福耀科技大学常务副校长徐飞撰文指出，当下，以新型研究型大学为代表的第四代大学正陆续出 现，这些大学的本质是打破传统边界，以颠覆性理念重构知识生产模式，以科技赋能重塑教育生态，以 全球协作应对人类共同挑战。 厦门大学经济学系副教授丁长发分析，以我国的人口规模和需求来说，当前此类新型研究型大学还是比 较少的，未来可以鼓励各地和更多民营企业家创办新型研究型大学，通过新的增量，促进高校之间的良 性竞争。 "新"在哪里 近年来，新型研究型大学成为很多高分考生的选择。以深圳理工大学为例，其2024年首次面向广东高考 招生，录取物理类考生120人，录取最低分为624分/9667名，最 ...

□ 本报记者张琳杨频萍程晓琳李睿哲叶真 随着新一轮科技革命和产业变革加速推进，高校新工科建设如火如荼。近日，一场聚焦新工科背景下拔 尖创新人才培养模式的研讨会在新华报业传媒集团举行。来自省内多所顶尖高校和头部高中的教育专家 齐聚一堂，针对大学、高中怎样更好形成育人合力展开探讨。 高校加速布局新工科建设 从2017年国内新工科建设达成"复旦共识"，到"天大行动"再到"北京指南"，高校新工科专业建设的路径 愈发明晰。在教育部近年来公布的高校本科专业备案和审批结果中，工学类新增数量持续领跑，且新增 专业集中于人工智能等技术革新领域。不少高校专家表示，从招生端看，高校发力新工科建设的力度不 小。 强基计划方面，南京大学和东南大学今年新增智能科学和电子科学两个培养方向，分别依托人工智能学 院和集成电路学院进行培养。 江南大学今年新增的飞行器设计与工程专业拟招收70人，依托该校纺织、材料和控制几个优势专业，同 时邀请来自航天五院、远望号等国内空天院所一线的总师们前来全职加入授课教师团队。"我们的学科 体系以力学为基础、复合材料为主体、低空飞行器为出口，指向轻量化和智能化低空飞行器，与学校轻 工特色符合。"江南大学教务处处 ...

Core Insights - The article discusses the recent adjustments in undergraduate programs in China, highlighting the addition, removal, and restructuring of 3,424 programs across the country, with a focus on "strategic urgent" and "emerging interdisciplinary" fields [1][3]. Group 1: Professional Adjustments - The Ministry of Education's recent report indicates a significant shift in professional adjustments, moving from traditional "addition and subtraction" to a more in-depth "structural adjustment and integration" approach [3]. - In the past five years, "Double First Class" universities have added a total of 1,068 new programs, with engineering disciplines leading the way at 501 programs, accounting for nearly half of the total [4][5]. Group 2: Key Trends in New Programs - The majority of new engineering programs focus on technological innovation and engineering applications, aligning with the national strategy for "new engineering" development [7]. - Artificial intelligence has emerged as the most popular new program, with 41 "Double First Class" universities establishing this major, reflecting a strong emphasis on talent cultivation in this field [7][8]. - The new program "Energy Storage Science and Engineering" has gained traction, focusing on renewable energy and materials, and is seen as crucial for achieving carbon neutrality goals [8]. Group 3: Interdisciplinary and Emerging Fields - A notable trend is the rise of interdisciplinary programs, with 203 new programs incorporating "intelligent" and "smart" themes, primarily within engineering [11]. - New programs such as "Smart Agriculture" and "Smart Transportation" emphasize the digital transformation of traditional industries, indicating a broadening of the "intelligent+" concept beyond engineering [12]. Group 4: Health and Sports Programs - The "Exercise Training" program has seen a surge, with 25 new additions, driven by the "Healthy China" initiative and the integration of sports and education [16][17]. - New health-related programs like "Infant Development and Health Management" and "Geriatric Medicine and Health" are emerging, reflecting societal needs [22]. Group 5: Program Cancellations - Despite the increase in new programs, there is a noticeable trend of program cancellations, with "Double First Class" universities like Shandong University and Sichuan University removing numerous programs due to factors such as low enrollment and outdated relevance [30][33]. - The adjustments are driven by the need for high-quality employment outcomes, faculty resource considerations, and alignment with current industry demands [36][39]. Group 6: Future Directions - The establishment of new programs is increasingly aligned with national strategic needs, such as the recent addition of "Low-altitude Technology and Engineering" to support the burgeoning low-altitude economy [24]. - The ongoing adjustments in higher education programs reflect a broader commitment to enhancing the quality and relevance of education in response to evolving societal and economic demands [41].

Group 1 - The Ministry of Education announced the results for the 2024 undergraduate program approvals, with a total of 1,839 new program points added, 157 programs adjusted, 2,220 programs discontinued, and 1,428 programs revoked, indicating a significant optimization of academic programs [2][3] - Among the new programs, engineering saw the highest addition with 940 new points, followed by science with 193, agriculture with 46, and medicine with 16, making up 65% of the total new programs [2] - The artificial intelligence program was the most added, with 91 new points, accounting for approximately 5% of all new programs, involving both "Double First-Class" and non-"Double First-Class" universities [2][3] Group 2 - Other notable new programs included smart construction, big data management, smart manufacturing engineering, robotics engineering, and integrated circuit design, each with over 30 new points [3] - The updated directory also included 29 new programs, with low-altitude technology and engineering being the most popular, offered by six universities [3] Group 3 - In Shandong province, 58 universities added a total of 182 new program points, with 152 being actual new programs, and the most added program was integrated circuit design [4][5] - Shandong's universities have a unique focus, with only 5 new artificial intelligence programs added, as the province has already established a strong foundation in this area since 2018 [5] Group 4 - Nationwide, 49 universities adjusted the duration of some five-year programs to four years, primarily in landscape architecture and urban planning [6] - This adjustment aligns with the Ministry of Education's initiative to optimize program structures and talent cultivation in response to new development patterns [6][7]

Core Points - The newly published "Directory of Undergraduate Programs in General Higher Education" includes 93 categories and 845 programs, with 29 new programs added [2][6] - Major universities like Peking University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and Fudan University have made significant reforms in their departments, focusing on interdisciplinary education and emerging fields [2][4][5] Group 1: New Programs and Department Reforms - The new programs include Intelligent Molecular Engineering, Medical Devices and Equipment Engineering, and Spatiotemporal Information Engineering, among others [2][7] - Shanghai Jiao Tong University has split its renowned Electrical and Electronic Engineering College into four independent colleges to better support talent development in artificial intelligence and related fields [3][4] - Fudan University has established six new innovative engineering colleges, each led by top scientists, adopting an interdisciplinary talent training model [4][7] Group 2: Implications for Talent Development - The restructuring aims to enhance the quality of talent produced, focusing on strategic scientists who can lead industry advancements [4][5] - The changes are expected to create a more competitive environment for students, potentially leading to a greater emergence of talent [4][6] - The emphasis on interdisciplinary programs aligns with current industry needs, moving away from traditional single-discipline education [5][6] Group 3: Impact on Student Enrollment - The adjustments in departments and new program offerings will significantly influence the 2025 college entrance examination candidates, with potential shifts in enrollment patterns [6][7] - The demand for graduates in IT, internet, and gaming sectors remains high, with a projected 20% to 25% increase in job openings for these fields [6][7] - The newly added programs are designed to meet national strategic needs and adapt to market demands, including areas like carbon neutrality and health care [7][8]

Core Viewpoint - The Ministry of Education has updated the undergraduate program directory for 2025, adding 29 new majors to better align with national strategic needs and high-quality development [1][4]. Group 1: New Majors Overview - The new directory includes 93 categories and 845 majors, with a focus on responding quickly to national strategies and market demands [1][4]. - The most frequently added major is "Low Altitude Technology and Engineering," with six universities offering it [1][4]. Group 2: Distribution of New Majors - The new majors include "Carbon Neutrality Science and Engineering," offered by five universities, and "Artificial Intelligence Education," offered by one university [2][4]. - "Regional Studies" has the highest number of universities offering it, with 11 institutions [2][4]. - Other notable new majors include "Smart Audio-Visual Engineering," "Game Art Design," and "Health and Medical Security," with varying numbers of universities offering them [2][3][4]. Group 3: Strategic Alignment - The new majors reflect the government's focus on strategic areas such as carbon neutrality, marine science, and health management, aligning educational offerings with technological advancements and market needs [4][5]. - The Ministry of Education has established a mechanism for rapid response to strategic needs, allowing for immediate establishment of relevant programs in high-priority areas [4].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the expansion of high-quality undergraduate programs in China, highlighting the increase in enrollment numbers at top universities while also addressing the reduction of liberal arts programs, suggesting a shift towards interdisciplinary studies and the integration of liberal arts with science and technology [1][2][3]. Group 1: Expansion of Undergraduate Programs - The Chinese government aims to increase the enrollment of "double first-class" universities, with an additional 20,000 students planned for 2025, following a previous increase of 16,000 students [1]. - Tsinghua University and Peking University have announced plans to expand their undergraduate admissions by 150 students each, focusing on fields such as artificial intelligence and clinical medicine [5][6]. - Other 985 universities, including Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Xi'an Jiaotong University, are also expanding their enrollment, with a focus on emerging fields like AI, integrated circuits, and biomedical sciences [5][7]. Group 2: Reduction of Liberal Arts Programs - The trend of reducing liberal arts programs has sparked discussions, with Fudan University's president stating that the proportion of liberal arts admissions will decrease from 30-40% to 20% [2][9]. - Despite the reduction, data from the C9 university alliance indicates that liberal arts programs will not disappear, but rather undergo adjustments to better align with societal needs [9][11]. - The article emphasizes that while liberal arts may face cuts, they still hold significant importance in comprehensive universities, with a substantial number of students and faculty dedicated to these fields [11][13]. Group 3: Interdisciplinary Focus - The article suggests that the future of liberal arts lies in interdisciplinary integration, with universities developing programs that combine liberal arts with science and technology [3][15]. - Examples include Tsinghua University offering cross-disciplinary programs in political economy and creative design, and Fudan University launching new programs like neurolinguistics and data intelligence [18][19]. - The shift towards interdisciplinary studies is seen as a response to the evolving job market and societal demands, indicating a need for graduates who possess a blend of skills from both liberal arts and sciences [16][17].