● 新华社记者 习近平总书记指出，发展必须是遵循经济规律的科学发展。 历经风云变幻，新时代的中国经济何以生机盎然、前景光明？ 顺应历史潮流，中国共产党人善于发现规律、揭示规律、运用规律，驾驭中国经济航船拨云见日、破浪 前行。 规律，是认识世界和改造世界的金钥匙，是山重水复中启道而行的指南针。 洞察全局，明辨大势。以习近平同志为核心的党中央持续深化做好经济工作的规律性认识，不断丰富和 发展着习近平经济思想的科学内涵与实践要求，引领中国经济在新的伟大征程上赢得主动、赢得未来。 （一） 逆势向上！前三季度，我国外贸顶住外部压力，货物贸易进出口同比增长4%，其中高技术产品出口增 长11.9%，工业机器人出口大幅增长54.9%。 亮眼的数据背后，是实体经济的根基愈发牢固。 曾记否，新中国成立之初，面临的是旧中国留下的连螺钉、火柴都要进口的烂摊子。如今，我国成为工 业门类最齐全的世界制造业第一大国，出口产品向新向优，"中国造"享誉全球。 善弈者谋势，善谋者致远。 从第一个五年计划到第十四个五年规划，串连起新中国的发展历程，蕴藏着中国特色社会主义的发展密 码，展现着中国共产党人对经济发展规律认识的不断深化。 习近平总书记指 ...

Group 1 - High-quality development is the primary task for building a modern socialist country, with the Party's comprehensive leadership providing a fundamental guarantee [1][2] - During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China's GDP has crossed significant milestones, reaching approximately 140 trillion yuan this year, contributing around 30% to global economic growth [2][4] - The Party has maintained strategic determination, ensuring that development remains on the correct path despite international challenges [4][5] Group 2 - A series of new ideas and strategies have been proposed over the past five years, guiding economic and social development to new heights [6][7] - The integration of innovation and industrial chains has been emphasized to foster new productive forces, leading to significant advancements in key technologies [7][8] - The Party's leadership has been crucial in making key decisions at critical junctures, effectively responding to economic pressures and external challenges [8][9] Group 3 - The establishment of various central committees and institutions has strengthened the Party's leadership across all sectors, ensuring effective implementation of policies [10][11] - The Party's leadership system has been continuously improved to ensure alignment with high-quality development goals [11][12] - The focus on building a unified national market and promoting regional coordinated development has been highlighted as essential for driving high-quality growth [12][13] Group 4 - The upcoming "15th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes the necessity of maintaining the Party's comprehensive leadership to achieve significant progress in socialist modernization [13][14] - High-quality party building is seen as a driving force for high-quality development, with grassroots organizations playing a vital role in various sectors [14][15] - The commitment to implementing strategic deployments and maintaining focus on key tasks is crucial for achieving major breakthroughs in national development [15]

Group 1 - China's foreign trade showed resilience in the first three quarters, with a year-on-year increase of 4% in goods trade, and high-tech product exports rising by 11.9% [3][4] - The foundation of the real economy is becoming increasingly solid, with China now being the world's largest manufacturing power, showcasing a diverse range of industrial capabilities [4][5] - The transition to a new development stage marks a significant leap in China's socialist development, emphasizing the importance of recognizing historical development patterns and seizing opportunities [6][7] Group 2 - The new development stage is characterized by high-quality development, with a focus on innovation, green growth, and the integration of domestic and international markets [8][9] - The new development concept introduced by Xi Jinping emphasizes innovation as a core driver of economic growth, alongside green development as a fundamental principle [9][10] - The need for structural reforms is highlighted, particularly in enhancing the quality and efficiency of resource allocation and addressing systemic barriers to factor mobility [14][15] Group 3 - The ongoing reforms aim to optimize the economic structure and promote the transition from old to new growth drivers, with a focus on supply-side structural reforms [18][19] - The relationship between market forces and government intervention is crucial for achieving optimal resource allocation and maximizing efficiency [17][20] - The emphasis on enhancing domestic demand and building a robust internal circulation system is seen as essential for mitigating external shocks and fostering sustainable growth [13][22] Group 4 - Food and energy security are prioritized as fundamental aspects of national stability and development, with significant measures taken to ensure grain production and energy supply [26][27] - The importance of risk management and proactive measures to address potential economic challenges is underscored, with a focus on maintaining economic stability and social order [28][29] - The commitment to high-quality development is reinforced through coordinated fiscal and monetary policies, aimed at stabilizing expectations and boosting confidence in the economy [30][31]

Core Viewpoint - High-quality development is the primary task for building a modern socialist country, and the comprehensive leadership of the Party is the fundamental guarantee for achieving this goal [1][2]. Economic Performance - During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China's GDP has successively surpassed 110 trillion, 120 trillion, and 130 trillion yuan, with an expected reach of around 140 trillion yuan this year, contributing approximately 30% to global economic growth [2]. Strategic Direction - The Party has maintained strategic determination over the past five years, adhering to a consistent blueprint for development, as outlined in the "14th Five-Year Plan" and the long-term goals for 2035 [4][5]. Innovation and Development - New concepts and strategies have been introduced to guide economic and social development, emphasizing the seamless integration of innovation and industrial chains [6][7]. Leadership and Reform - The Party's leadership is crucial for implementing reforms and ensuring that decisions translate into effective policies across various sectors [9][10][11]. Future Planning - The upcoming "15th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes the need for high-quality development and strategic alignment across regions, with specific goals set for various provinces [13][14]. Organizational Strength - The integration of Party organizations into various industries and sectors is aimed at enhancing development and ensuring that political advantages translate into developmental benefits [15].

电力市场是全国统一大市场的重要组成部分。2021年，习近平总书记在中央全面深化改革委员会第二十二次会议上指 出："要遵循电力市场运行规律和市场经济规律，优化电力市场总体设计，实现电力资源在全国更大范围内共享互济和优化 配置，加快形成统一开放、竞争有序、安全高效、治理完善的电力市场体系。"这是构建现代能源体系、推动能源高质量发 展的重大部署，同时也为构建全国统一大市场提供了重要基础。我们要以习近平经济思想为指引，加快建设全国统一电力 市场，促进电力资源优化配置、构建现代能源体系、推动能源高质量发展，为以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复 兴伟业提供有力支撑。 建设全国统一电力市场是建设全国统一大市场、推动高质量发展的探索实践 建设全国统一大市场是发挥我国超大规模市场优势的内在要求。习近平总书记在《关于构建新发展格局》中指出："从供给 看，我国基于国内大市场形成的强大生产能力，能够促进全球要素资源整合创新，使规模效应和集聚效应最大化发挥。"电 力是经济社会发展的基础性支撑，电力资源的优化配置关乎能源安全与高质量发展大局。建设全国统一电力市场是深化电 力体制改革的重要举措，有利于促进电力资源优化配置、保障电力供应 ...

Core Viewpoint - The construction of a unified national market is essential for establishing a new development pattern, as emphasized by General Secretary Xi Jinping in various writings, highlighting the need for a high-standard market system and effective market rules [1][2]. Group 1: Importance of a Unified National Market - The unified national market is a fundamental requirement for leveraging China's large-scale market advantages, facilitating resource integration and maximizing scale and agglomeration effects [2][3]. - A unified electricity market is a critical component of the national unified market, promoting the optimization of electricity resource allocation and ensuring energy security [2][3]. Group 2: Support for Domestic Circulation - The new development pattern is centered around domestic circulation, supported by a unified national market, which enhances the accumulation of social wealth and national strength [3][4]. - Electricity is vital for smooth domestic circulation; a fragmented electricity market can increase resource allocation costs and hinder the effectiveness of the unified market [3][4]. Group 3: Energy Security and Economic Stability - Accelerating the construction of a unified electricity market is crucial for maintaining energy security and economic stability amid complex international environments [4][5]. - The unified electricity market will enhance the resilience of the energy system and support the development of strategic emerging industries [4][5]. Group 4: Green and Low-Carbon Transition - The electricity sector plays a key role in achieving China's dual carbon goals, and a unified market is necessary for large-scale consumption of green electricity [6][7]. - The construction of a unified electricity market will facilitate the integration of carbon and electricity markets, promoting a green and low-carbon transition [6][7]. Group 5: Progress in Electricity Market Construction - The electricity market has seen significant growth, with market transactions increasing from 1.1 trillion kWh in 2016 to 6.2 trillion kWh by 2024, representing a rise from 17% to 63% of total electricity consumption [8]. - The market structure is evolving, with over 800,000 market participants and a growing number of new business models emerging [7][8]. Group 6: Future Directions for Market Development - The construction of a unified electricity market requires the establishment of unified rules, infrastructure, and regulatory mechanisms to ensure efficient operation and coordination [9][10]. - Expanding market openness and enhancing international cooperation in energy will strengthen China's position in global energy governance [11].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of balancing total supply and total demand in China's macroeconomic governance to achieve high-quality development and a stable economic cycle [1][3][6]. Summary by Sections Understanding Total Supply and Demand - Total supply refers to the total amount of final products and services that a country or region can provide within a certain period, reflecting optimal production capacity under specific conditions [2]. - Total demand encompasses the overall demand for products and services in society, including domestic and foreign demand, influenced by factors such as consumer spending, investment, net exports, government spending, and monetary and fiscal policies [2]. Historical Context and Policy Evolution - Historically, China has prioritized the balance between total supply and total demand, as seen in various economic plans since the "Eighth Five-Year Plan" [3]. - The focus has shifted towards achieving both short-term stability and long-term growth, with an increasing emphasis on the coordination of supply and demand in response to changing economic conditions [3]. Supply-Side Structural Reform - Supply-side structural reform is identified as a key strategy to optimize total supply and better adapt to changes in total demand, initiated by President Xi Jinping in 2015 [4]. - The goal is to enhance the quality of the supply system, reduce ineffective supply, and increase effective and high-end supply to improve adaptability and flexibility [4]. Demand-Side Management - Demand-side management has been emphasized as a complementary approach to supply-side reforms, particularly in light of insufficient domestic demand and weak consumption [5]. - The strategy includes expanding domestic demand as a critical focus for constructing a new development pattern [5]. Coordinated Efforts for Dynamic Balance - The article highlights the need for coordinated efforts between supply-side and demand-side management to achieve a dynamic balance, with a focus on enhancing the adaptability and balance of supply and demand [6][14]. - It stresses the importance of using various macroeconomic policies, including stability, growth, and structural policies, to achieve this balance [16]. Breakthroughs in Macroeconomic Theory - The article discusses the limitations of Western macroeconomic theories, which primarily focus on demand management, and contrasts this with China's approach of integrating supply and demand considerations [7][10]. - It argues that the new understanding of balancing total supply and total demand provides a theoretical foundation for improving macroeconomic governance and addressing challenges in the digital economy [11][12]. Future Directions - The article calls for a systematic approach to ensure that supply and demand are dynamically balanced at a higher level, emphasizing the need for continuous supply-side structural reforms and the expansion of domestic demand [14][15]. - It also highlights the importance of improving the quality of investments and enhancing the overall investment structure to support sustainable economic growth [15].

建设全国统一大市场是构建新发展格局的基础支撑和内在要求。习近平总书记高度重视全国统一大市场 建设，《习近平经济文选》第一卷中的多篇著作都对此作出重要论述。比如，《加快构建新发展格局， 把握未来发展主动权》指出："要深化要素市场化改革，建设高标准市场体系，加快构建全国统一大市 场"；《确保我国经济航船乘风破浪、行稳致远》指出："政府要有所为、有所不为，解决好缺位、越位 问题。有所为，就是要不断建设法治经济、信用经济，完善市场规则并带头遵守规则，通过坚决惩治腐 败、保障公共安全等优化市场环境，着力矫正市场失灵，规范竞争秩序，使全国统一大市场成为各类经 营主体公平竞争的大舞台"；等等。习近平总书记的重要论述，为我们以全国统一大市场建设支撑构建 新发展格局提供了科学指引。 电力市场是全国统一大市场的重要组成部分。2021年，习近平总书记在中央全面深化改革委员会第二十 二次会议上指出："要遵循电力市场运行规律和市场经济规律，优化电力市场总体设计，实现电力资源 在全国更大范围内共享互济和优化配置，加快形成统一开放、竞争有序、安全高效、治理完善的电力市 场体系。"这是构建现代能源体系、推动能源高质量发展的重大部署，同时也为 ...

共识，愈加深刻：中国经济之所以能够翻山越岭、克难前进，最根本的原因在于以习近平同志为核 心的党中央领航掌舵，在于习近平经济思想的科学指引。 思想的波涛卷起巨澜，时间在量变的积累中孕育质变。 行进在新时代航程上，以科学理论为炬，以发展实践为帆，中国共产党领导14亿多人民共同执笔的 奋斗史诗，正成章于星海、运笔于山河，铺展开充满信心和希冀的瑰丽画卷。 （一） "十四五"收官在即，在前四年5.5%的平均增速基础上，2025年中国经济总量有望达到140万亿元。 成绩，世界瞩目：在这么大体量的基础上，在各种风险挑战的冲击下，中国经济保持这样的增速， 在经济发展史上前所未有。 新华社北京10月13日电 题：领航定向驾驭发展全局——习近平经济思想引领新时代经济工作述评 之一 新华社记者 金秋的中国大地，硕果盈枝。 巍巍太行山，风光无限好。 2025年7月，习近平总书记来到这里，访企业、听汇报，为山西经济社会发展指明方向： "要扎实推进传统产业转型升级，围绕发展新质生产力因地制宜布局新兴产业和未来产业""要用好 多元发展条件，优化营商环境，激发经营主体活力"。 山西的转型发展，是中国经济砥砺前进的一个缩影。党的十八大以来，习 ...

共识，愈加深刻：中国经济之所以能够翻山越岭、克难前进，最根本的原因在于以习近平同志为 核心的党中央领航掌舵，在于习近平经济思想的科学指引。 思想的波涛卷起巨澜，时间在量变的积累中孕育质变。 行进在新时代航程上，以科学理论为炬，以发展实践为帆，中国共产党领导14亿多人民共同执笔 的奋斗史诗，正成章于星海、运笔于山河，铺展开充满信心和希冀的瑰丽画卷。 （一） 巍巍太行山，风光无限好。 领航定向驾驭发展全局——习近平经济思想引领新时代经济工作述评之一 新华社记者 金秋的中国大地，硕果盈枝。 "十四五"收官在即，在前四年5.5%的平均增速基础上，2025年中国经济总量有望达到140万亿元。 成绩，世界瞩目：在这么大体量的基础上，在各种风险挑战的冲击下，中国经济保持这样的增 速，在经济发展史上前所未有。 2025年7月，习近平总书记来到这里，访企业、听汇报，为山西经济社会发展指明方向： 山西的转型发展，是中国经济砥砺前进的一个缩影。党的十八大以来，习近平总书记多次考察三 晋大地，对一省的发展把脉，映射出对全局的深刻把握—— 2017年，强调"贯彻新发展理念""以深化供给侧结构性改革推动经济转型发展"； 2020年，要求 ...