此外，引导基金还坚持"投硬科技"，聚焦"十五五"规划建议明确的战略性新兴产业和未来产业，支持一 批关键共性技术成果转化项目，投资一批承担国家重大任务、取得重大突破的企业。就在26日举行的启 动仪式上，3只区域基金达成了一批投资意向，涵盖了集成电路、量子科技、生物医药、脑机接口、航 空航天等重点领域。 数据显示，引导基金对于提振市场信心、激发市场活力发挥了重要作用。年初宣布设立引导基金以来， 创投市场加速回暖，前三季度募资金额同比增长8%，投资金额增长9%，投资案例总数增长近20%。 值得一提的是，近年来，财政部还出资成立了中小企业引导基金、新兴产业创投引导基金等系列政府引 导基金。财政部经济建设司司长郭方明表示，国家创业投资引导基金将锚定创新链条前端依托早期创新 赛道定位，专注解决原始创新阶段企业融资缺口，与侧重成长期培育、成果转化或产业赋能的基金形成 互补，避免同质化竞争。 业内人士表示，随着国家创业投资引导基金这一航母级基金的正式入场，将引导社会资本长期扎根科技 创新领域，与其他政府引导基金共同构建覆盖创新全周期、产业全链条的政策支持体系，凝聚服务高水 平科技自立自强、培育新质生产力的合力。 （来源：经济 ...

（来源：经济参考报） 近日，国家创业投资引导基金正式启动。引导基金重点聚焦集成电路、人工智能、航空航天、低空经 济、生物制造、未来能源等领域的早期项目和种子企业，开创性设立"基金公司-区域基金-子基金"3层 架构，在国家层面由财政出资1000亿元，在区域基金、子基金层面积极鼓励社会资本参与，预计将撬动 万亿规模资金。 行业研究机构LP投顾分析指出，不同于以往的单层母基金模式，引导基金采用了全新3层架构，战略性 地出资设立一批区域基金，分别落子京津冀、长三角和粤港澳大湾区，精准带动区域科创发展。然后再 由这些更贴近市场的区域基金去遴选和投资第三层子基金。这种模式通过多层级的专业化管理，将行政 指令转化为市场化的投资策略，最大限度地减少了对具体项目投资的非市场化干预。 业内人士指出，引导基金3层架构、20年超长存续期、投早投小刚性约束等多项制度创新，释放了用"耐 心资本"陪伴科创企业"长跑"的强烈信号，将有效发挥中央资金引领带动作用，广泛吸引多方参与，加 快培育和发展新质生产力。 今天的科技领军企业都是曾经的种子企业、初创企业。这类种子企业和初创企业成长性好、前景广阔， 但同时风险较高、不确定性较大，社会资本对他 ...

"回望中国创投市场，起起伏伏。在过去一个周期里，我们经历了冬天，现在大家普遍感受到拐点的到 来。"12月初，清科集团董事长倪正东在第二十五届中国股权投资年度大会上的发言，是创投行业2025 年的一个写照——在经过两年多的深度调整之后，创投行业最冷的寒冬已然过去，暖意悄然到来。 在募资端，国资、银行系AIC、险资等多元长线资金不断汇入；在投资端，投向半导体、生物医药、人 工智能等"硬科技"领域的案例层出不穷；在退出端，并购重组如火如荼、IPO加速回暖、S基金加大布 局等，退出渠道进一步顺畅……创投行业生态优化的"齿轮"正在加速转动。 资金结构迎来优化 2025年，创投市场在资金端呈现出"国资领航，市场协同"的多元格局。人民币基金持续巩固主导地位， 国资平台加速进场成为行业"压舱石"，银行、保险等长线资金稳步入市，形成有效资金供给。 倪正东在回顾中国创投行业20多年的发展历程时提到，国资渐渐成为中国创投的主力军。到今年，国资 LP比例进一步上升，达到了55%，国资控股比例也从15年前的27%增长到今年的81%。此外，今年国资 参股基金也占到了8%。也就是说，在当前中国股权投资市场，国资体系已经占到了近90%。 投 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese venture capital market is experiencing a turning point after a prolonged downturn, with signs of recovery and optimism emerging in 2025 [1] Funding Structure Optimization - The venture capital market in 2025 is characterized by a diverse funding structure led by state-owned enterprises (SOEs), with SOEs accounting for 55% of limited partners (LPs) and 81% of controlling interests [2] - The number of private equity fund managers has reached 11,600, with 4,099 being state-owned, managing 64.5% of the total fund size [2] - The entry of banks and insurance companies is enhancing the funding landscape, with new asset investment companies (AICs) being established to support this trend [3] Focus on Hard Technology - Investment in "hard technology" and innovation is becoming the main theme, with a significant increase in funding for sectors like semiconductor, biomedicine, and artificial intelligence [4] - The proportion of angel investments has risen from 17% to 25% in the first three quarters of 2025, with early-stage investments maintaining a high level of interest [4] Diverse Investment Strategies - Investment strategies are evolving to focus on key processes such as supply chain autonomy, digital transformation, carbon neutrality, health innovation, and consumer support [5] - The venture capital industry is transitioning from a consumer internet focus to a hard technology-centric model, which is crucial for maintaining global competitiveness [6] Innovative Financing Tools - The introduction of various financing tools, such as the promotion of science and technology bonds, is providing new avenues for funding in the venture capital sector [7] - International capital is returning to the Chinese market, with measures in place to attract foreign sovereign funds and enhance the investment landscape [8] Exit Strategies and Market Recovery - The IPO market is showing signs of recovery, with 191 IPOs completed in 2025, involving 1,114 investment institutions and an average internal rate of return (IRR) of 47.14% on the first day [9] - Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) are also on the rise, with 1,855 domestic M&A transactions completed, accounting for 95.1% of the total transaction volume [10] Ongoing Challenges - Despite the positive trends, the venture capital industry still faces significant exit pressures, with over 17 trillion yuan in funds awaiting resolution [11] - The industry remains highly dependent on the IPO market's health for profitability, indicating that a vibrant capital market is essential for overall success [11]

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese securities industry is undergoing significant transformation in 2025, focusing on mergers and acquisitions, high-quality development, and the integration of AI technology to enhance operational efficiency and service models [4][5][10]. Group 1: Industry Performance and Financial Metrics - Major securities firms like CITIC Securities and Guotai Junan have reported substantial total assets and net profits, with CITIC Securities leading at total assets of 2026.31 billion yuan and a net profit of 231.59 billion yuan [1]. - The net asset return rates for leading firms range from 7.21% to 9.05%, indicating competitive performance among top players [1]. Group 2: Mergers and Acquisitions - 2025 marks a pivotal year for mergers in the securities industry, with significant consolidations such as Guotai Junan merging with Haitong Securities and Guolian Securities merging with Minsheng Securities [5]. - The merger activities have reshaped the competitive landscape, with Guotai Haitong now leading in net profit rankings, and Guolian Minsheng's profit ranking improving significantly [5]. Group 3: Regulatory Changes - The classification evaluation for securities firms is undergoing a critical revision aimed at promoting high-quality development, emphasizing professional capabilities over mere revenue growth [6]. - New regulations will encourage firms to enhance their service capabilities and focus on long-term investment strategies [6]. Group 4: Market Trends and Innovations - The margin trading market has seen explosive growth, with a 36.6% increase in financing balance, reaching 2.54 trillion yuan by December 2025 [7]. - Firms are competing aggressively in this space, with some lowering financing rates to attract clients, indicating a shift towards long-term client retention strategies [7][8]. Group 5: Technological Advancements - The integration of AI technologies is transforming the securities industry, with firms adopting AI for wealth management, trading, and operational efficiency, leading to significant improvements in service delivery [10]. - The industry is moving towards an "AI-native" model, enhancing productivity and redefining business ecosystems [10]. Group 6: Internationalization Efforts - Chinese securities firms are deepening their international presence, expanding services beyond traditional offerings to include cross-border wealth management and derivatives trading [12]. - This internationalization is driven by increasing demand for comprehensive financial services from Chinese enterprises and global investors [12]. Group 7: Asset Management Trends - The public offering process for asset management is experiencing a slowdown, with firms reassessing their strategies in the context of regulatory changes and market conditions [13]. - The focus is shifting towards private equity and specialized asset management products as firms adapt to the evolving landscape [13]. Group 8: Fee Structure Reforms - The ongoing reforms in public fund fee structures are prompting securities firms to enhance their research and wealth management capabilities, shifting towards a more service-oriented model [14]. - Firms are increasingly focusing on providing tailored investment solutions rather than merely selling products [14]. Group 9: Capital Regulation Changes - Regulatory bodies are signaling a shift towards more flexible capital management for high-quality firms, aiming to improve capital efficiency while maintaining overall industry stability [15][16]. - This change is expected to enhance the return on equity (ROE) for securities firms, aligning them more closely with international standards [16]. Group 10: Rebranding Trends - A wave of rebranding among securities firms reflects strategic realignments following mergers and changes in ownership, indicating a shift in focus and resource allocation [17]. - These name changes are seen as signals of deeper strategic transformations within the firms, aimed at enhancing their market positioning [17].

Group 1 - The Shanghai Stock Exchange officially released guidelines for commercial rocket companies to apply for the Sci-Tech Innovation Board, marking a significant step for these companies to enter the capital market [1][2] - Blue Arrow Aerospace has completed its IPO counseling in less than five months, which is notably quicker than the nearly seven months taken by the "first domestic GPU stock" Moer Technology [3][4] - A surge of commercial space companies has initiated IPO counseling in the second half of this year, indicating a growing interest in the capital market [1][4] Group 2 - The guidelines specify that commercial rocket companies must focus on "independent research, manufacturing, and providing launch services," emphasizing their "hard technology" attributes [2][6] - Companies are required to demonstrate significant advantages in key technologies and must achieve specific milestones, such as successfully launching a reusable medium to large rocket [2][6] - The guidelines also clarify that commercial rockets must have the necessary approvals and qualifications before launch, highlighting the regulatory framework surrounding this industry [2][6] Group 3 - The recent policy changes and the establishment of a national commercial space development fund are seen as key drivers for increased support for the commercial space sector [6] - The commercial rocket industry is positioned as a critical component of China's commercial space development, necessitating substantial capital market support for its growth [6] - Analysts from various sectors, including computer science and defense, are increasingly focusing on commercial space stocks, reflecting the sector's rising prominence [7][8]

Core Viewpoint - The Shanghai Stock Exchange has officially released guidelines for commercial rocket companies to apply for IPOs under the Sci-Tech Innovation Board, marking a significant step in expanding the fifth set of listing standards to the commercial aerospace sector [1] Group 1: Policy and Market Impact - The new guidelines indicate a growing acceptance of unprofitable hard tech sectors in the A-share IPO market, reflecting a policy shift that supports the commercialization of hard technology [1][2] - The fifth set of listing standards is characterized by greater inclusivity, moving away from strict revenue and profit requirements to a valuation and R&D-based assessment, with a minimum market value of 4 billion yuan and a focus on core technological breakthroughs and phased achievements [1][2] Group 2: Industry Development - The guidelines specify that commercial rocket companies must achieve significant milestones, such as successfully launching a medium to large reusable rocket with payload into orbit, which aligns with the practical needs of hard tech companies seeking capital market entry [2] - The commercial aerospace sector is experiencing a surge in companies preparing for IPOs, with several firms like Blue Arrow Aerospace and others expected to complete their IPO guidance by the second half of 2025, indicating a rapid development phase driven by capital and technological advancements [3] Group 3: Market Trends - Emerging sectors such as innovative pharmaceuticals, artificial intelligence, and commercial aerospace are attracting significant capital interest, with these industries expected to have trillion-yuan market potential, moving beyond mere speculative concepts [3]

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Overweight" rating for the industry [2] Core Insights - The current wealth management market (2025-2026) shows increased differentiation and stratification compared to the previous cycle (2020-2021), with a focus on matching client needs [5][10] - Financial institutions are transitioning from a "sell-side" sales model to a "buy-side" advisory model, emphasizing long-term service capabilities and precise matching of client needs [5][10] - Investment opportunities are expected to favor financial institutions with a strong middle-to-high value client base, comprehensive services, and innovative product offerings [5][10] Summary by Sections Common Logic of Two Cycles - Both cycles are characterized by ample liquidity supporting asset prices, with the previous cycle driven by aggressive monetary and fiscal policies, while the current cycle is marked by low interest rates and excess precautionary savings [9][16] - Clear industry trends guide capital flows, with the previous cycle dominated by consumption and new energy, while the current cycle is led by AI and hard technology [9][22] - The trend of asset migration from real estate to financial assets is irreversible, continuing the financialization process [9][25] Core Differences of Two Cycles - The macro environment has shifted from "strong stimulus expansion" to "weak recovery defense," with a focus on stabilizing growth and managing risks [25][27] - There is a notable change in resident expectations and risk preferences, with a shift from broad income growth to increased differentiation among income groups [35][38] - Asset allocation logic has evolved from a singular offensive strategy to a diversified and balanced approach, incorporating defensive assets alongside growth opportunities [46][50] Characteristics of the Previous Cycle - The previous cycle was driven by strong stimulus measures, resulting in a significant recovery in GDP and a structural bull market in equities, particularly in high-growth sectors [3][9] - The investment behavior was aggressive, with high turnover and a focus on chasing high-performing assets, leading to a "star chasing" phenomenon among investors [3][9] Current Cycle and Future Characteristics - The current cycle is characterized by low interest rates and a new normal of asset revaluation, with a gradual but steady migration of assets [10][25] - The asset side is moving towards a balanced approach, with a mix of high-dividend and growth assets, and an increasing preference for alternative investments as risk hedges [10][50] - Financial institutions are expected to focus on client segmentation, asset allocation capabilities, and long-term service value, with a shift towards a "buy-side" advisory model [10][55]

2025年末的资本市场，苏州以全年新增10家A股上市公司，位居全国大中城市第一。当很多城市还在纠 结如何吸引资本时，作为常年在GDP榜单稳坐前排的"制造强市""工业三巨头"之一，苏州用优异的上市 公司成绩单证明，资本永远追着优质实体跑。 六成新增企业深耕硬科技，资本选苏州，就是选硬实力 翻看2025年苏州新增A股企业的名单，没有一家是靠概念炒作的"空中楼阁"，全是扎在实体经济里的硬 科技企业。 苏州A股新增数量的攀升登顶，核心支撑是实打实的产业根基。 ...

点击蓝字 关注我们 石头科技港股IPO获备案：自己套现9亿，让散户耐心的昌敬还能让投资者信任？ 石头科技公告，已经获得了港股 IPO备案。不过现在港股排队的队伍太长了，石头科技是否能够成功，获得投资者的信任还需要证明。 石头科技曾经被市场炒到1494.99元，市值逼近千亿元，控制人昌敬因此也发了财，并套现 9 个亿，然后搞了汽车，但后股价暴跌，甚至今年的大反弹中也 是很熊！ 一、"扫地茅"的陨落：一场无声的崩塌 更致命的是，多元化战略接连受挫。跨界推出的洗衣机业务因亏损严重而裁员收缩；由昌敬主导的另一家创业公司洛轲智能所打造的"极石汽车"，月销量长 期徘徊在600辆以下，远未达盈亏平衡点。投资者开始质疑：这位创始人是否已将重心完全转向造车，而把上市公司当作提款机？ 据知情人士透露，此次港股IPO拟募资约5亿美元。但在全球资本对中概股审慎、ESG治理要求日益严格的当下，若无法向国际投资者证明其商业模式可持 续、管理层专注且透明，这场上市恐难获热烈追捧。 三、一个时代的隐喻：硬科技光环下的信任赤字 石头科技的困境，早已超越单一企业的经营问题，而成为观察中国"硬科技"叙事变迁的一面镜子。五年前，它与大疆、蔚来等企业 ...